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EP-4680866-B1 - NUT

EP4680866B1EP 4680866 B1EP4680866 B1EP 4680866B1EP-4680866-B1

Inventors

  • GIEHL, ARNO

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20240307

Claims (15)

  1. Nut for screwing onto a threaded bolt (18) in an axial tightening direction (R), comprising a front section and a rear section, each relative to the tightening direction (R), and comprising - a clamping body (1) with a segment receptacle open on at least one side, first guide means, and guide pins (5, 6) projecting radially inward, - a threaded unit movable back and forth within the segment receptacle at least in the tightening direction (R), which comprises at least two threaded segments (2, 3) with inner surfaces featuring curved threaded sections, wherein the threaded segments (2, 3) can be assembled into a segmented internal thread (4) with threaded segments (2, 3) that are adjacent to or spaced apart from one another, - second guide means provided on the threaded unit, which interact with the first guide means in such a way that the threaded segments (2, 3) are guided in the segment receptacle and, when the clamping body (1) is moved relative to the threaded unit in the tightening direction (R), the curved inner sides are moved toward one another in such a way that the threaded sections form the segmented internal thread (4), wherein the threaded segments (2, 3) are provided with side surfaces (11) extending along both sides in the tightening direction (R), and the guide pins (5, 6) project into the gap between opposing side surfaces (11), and at least one of the side surfaces (11) is contoured such that the side surfaces (11) in the front section of the nut form a stop for the guide pins (5, 6), characterized in that the threaded segments comprise, on at least one side between the threaded segments (2, 3) and the side surfaces, smooth recesses free of threads to form a smooth bolt seat (17) that extends over the entire length of the threaded segments (2, 3) as viewed from the front section to the rear section, wherein the surface of the threaded segments (2, 3) in the region of the recesses is shaped such that the recesses lie completely outside, in the radial direction, a cylindrical envelope surface that encloses the outer regions of the threaded sections of the internal thread (4).
  2. Nut as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the recesses forming the bolt seat (17) have a concavely curved surface as viewed from the central axis running through the tightening direction (R).
  3. Nut as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the surface has a radius of curvature that is at least as large as, and preferably greater than, the radius of curvature of a nominal diameter of the nut.
  4. Nut as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the surface has a radius of curvature that is smaller than the radius of curvature of a nominal diameter of the nut.
  5. Nut as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfaces of the recesses feature rail-like projections running parallel to the tightening direction (R), rail-like projections as sliding surfaces for sliding the opened nut over the external thread of the threaded bolt (18), which lie completely outside a cylindrical envelope surface that encloses the outer regions of the threaded sections of the internal thread (4).
  6. Nut as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threaded segments in the front region and/or rear region have a circumferential, radially outwardly projecting shoulder (16) which is designed such that, after the assembled nut is screwed on, a groove is formed between the shoulder (16) and the external thread of the threaded bolt (18).
  7. Nut as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front region of the recesses is chamfered or completely beveled.
  8. Nut as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threaded segments (2, 3) are provided with recesses on both sides, such that, when the threaded segments are in the loosened position (2, 3) are in the loosened position, a bolt support (17) is formed on each of two opposite sides of the nut, each of which is formed by recesses, and which are arranged on both sides of the gap in which the guide pins (5, 6) are guided, wherein the guide pins (5, 6) are designed such that they are located completely outside the bolt support (17).
  9. Nut, as claimed in one of the preceding claims, for screwing onto a threaded bolt (18) in an axial tightening direction (R), comprising a front portion and a rear portion, each relative to the tightening direction (R), and comprising - a clamping body (1) with a segment receptacle open on at least one side, first guide means, and guide pins (5, 6) projecting radially inward, - a threaded unit movable back and forth within the segment receptacle at least in the tightening direction (R), which comprises at least two threaded segments (2, 3) with inner surfaces featuring curved threaded sections, wherein the threaded segments (2, 3) can be assembled into a segmented internal thread (4) with adjacent or spaced-apart threaded segments (2, 3), - second guide means provided on the threaded unit, which cooperate with the first guide means such that the threaded segments (2, 3) are guided in the segment receptacle and, when the clamping body (1) is moved relative to the threaded unit in the tightening direction (R), the curved inner surfaces are moved toward one another such that the threaded sections form the segmented internal thread (4), - wherein the threaded segments (2, 3) are provided with side surfaces (11) extending on both sides along the tightening direction (R), and the guide pins (5, 6) protrude into the gap between opposing side surfaces (11), and at least one of the side surfaces (11) is contoured such that the side surfaces (11) form a stop for the guide pins (5, 6) in the front section of the nut, characterized in that at least one of the side surfaces (11) is contoured such that the side surfaces (11) form a locking stop (7) for the guide pins (5, 6) in the rear section of the nut.
  10. Nut as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the threaded unit comprises at least one expansion spring (8) arranged in particular in the rear section, which exerts a radial expansion force on the threaded segments (2, 3), wherein, as viewed from the guide pins (5, 6), the locking stop (7) is arranged in front of the expansion spring (8).
  11. Nut as claimed in one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the side surfaces (11) of at least one threaded segment (2 or 3) in the front region of the nut have a flat section that is arranged perpendicular to the tightening direction (R) and whose smooth surface runs parallel to the tightening direction (R) and to the adjacent side surface (11).
  12. Nut as claimed in any one of claims 9 through 11, characterized in that the opposing side surfaces (11) of the threaded segments (2, 3) in the front region of the nut each comprise a section projecting toward the adjacent threaded segment (2 or 3), wherein the projecting sections together form the front stop for the guide pin (5 or 6).
  13. Nut as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the opposing side surfaces (11) of the threaded segments (2, 3) each have a section in the rear region of the nut that projects toward the adjacent threaded segment (2 or 3), wherein the projecting sections together form the rear retaining stop (7) for the guide pins (5, 6).
  14. Nut of the preceding claim, characterized in that the side surfaces (11) of the threaded segments (2, 3) have the same basic shape, such that the side surfaces (11) of each threaded segment facing one another (2, 3) are mirror images of one another and, between the upper stop and the rear locking stop (7), have a straight section that runs parallel to the tightening direction (R), wherein a gap of less than 2 mm, preferably 1 mm or less, remains in the area of the upper stop when the clamping body (1) is fully slid onto the threaded unit.
  15. Nut as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner surface of the clamping body (1) forms part of the first guide means as a sliding surface in certain sections, and the second guide means comprise the outer surface of the assembled threaded segments (2, 3) as a sliding surface in certain sections, wherein the first threaded segment (2) and the second threaded segment (3) have, on their outer sides in the end region facing the rear of the nut, segment contact surfaces (15) that are radially chamfered outward from back to front by an angle (α), and the inner surface of the clamping body (1) in the end region facing the front area of the nut, which are chamfered outward by the angle (α), and which interact with the segment contact surfaces (15) in such a way that, when the threaded segments (2, 3) in a release direction (L), the segment contact surfaces (15), held by the spreading force of the spreading spring (8), bear flat against the chamfered support surfaces (14).

Description

field of technology Traditional nuts must be screwed onto a threaded bolt and tightened once they reach their stop. To avoid repeatedly turning the nut on longer threaded bolts, or to make it easier to loosen the nut without unscrewing it from the bolt, special nuts have been developed that can slide along the bolt and engage with the thread once the desired position is reached. State of the art A mother of the same species is from the CN 213 176 410 U known. The nut disclosed therein is used for screwing onto a threaded bolt in an axial tightening direction with a front section and a rear section, each relative to the direction of pull-on, a clamping body with a segment receptacle that is open at least on one side first guiding devices with radially inwardly projecting guide pins, a threaded unit (2) which is movable back and forth in the segment receptacle at least in the tightening direction and which has at least two threaded segments with curved inner surfaces having thread sections. The thread segments of the known nut can be assembled to form a segmented internal thread with adjacent or spaced-apart thread segments, wherein second guide means are provided on the thread unit, which interact with the first guide means in such a way that the thread segments are guided in the segment receptacle. The clamping element is moved relative to the threaded unit in the tightening direction, and the curved inner surfaces are moved towards each other in such a way that the thread segments form the segmented internal thread. The thread segments have side surfaces extending along the tightening direction on both sides, and the guide pins project into gaps between opposing side surfaces, with at least one of the side surfaces being contoured such that the side surfaces in the front section of the nut form a stop for the guide pins. A similar mother is from the WO 01/88390 A1 known. This nut is also used to be slid onto a threaded bolt in an axial tightening direction, initially without thread engagement. Once it reaches the surface against which it will be supported after tightening, the nut engages the thread and can then be tightened like a conventional nut. Segmented nuts are also available from the CN 205 001 344 U , the GB 558 302 A and the US 5 826 847 A1 known. One advantage of the known nuts, especially those from the WO 01/88390 A1 The advantage of this type of nut lies in the fact that by sliding it over the external thread of the threaded bolt, time and effort can be saved by initially moving the nut to a position close to its final holding position without engaging the thread. Only then is the internal thread of the nut narrowed to engage the thread, allowing the nut to be tightened like a conventional nut. This means that, for example, only one or a few turns may be necessary to tighten the nut to the desired torque, whereas with a conventional nut, numerous turns were required to rotate the nut along a long threaded bolt just to bring it close to its final fixing position. Another advantage of the WO 01/88390 A1 The advantage of the known nut is that it can often still be loosened, whereas classic nuts become rusted solid after a longer period and are hardly removable. To implement the aforementioned functions, this nut also has a front section and a rear section relative to the tightening direction, as well as an outer clamping body with an axially open segment receptacle, first guide means, and radially inwardly projecting guide pins. In the known nut, the segment receptacle is designed as a through-hole in which a threaded unit is held in a manner that allows displacement, and in particular displacement, at least in the tightening direction. The threaded unit comprises a first threaded segment and at least one second threaded segment, with both the first and second threaded segments having a curved inner surface with sections of threaded sections and being assemblable to form a segmented internal thread. Naturally, the threaded unit can also have three or more threaded segments. "Assembling" in this context means positioning the threaded segments to create a thread configuration. It is not necessary for the individual threaded segments to be in contact with each other or even connected. It is sufficient if the threaded segments are arranged relative to each other and held individually or together in such a way that a helical thread, typically interrupted at the edges of the threaded segments, is formed, corresponding to the external thread in the manner of a screw/nut connection. The threaded segments are pushed apart by a spreading spring, particularly located in their rear section. Second guide elements are provided on the threaded unit formed by the threaded segments and the spreading spring. These guide elements interact with the first guide elements in such a way that the first and second threaded segments are guided in the segment receptacle. Furthermore, this ensures that when the clamping el