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EP-4737062-A1 - SUPERHARD MATERIAL GRINDING TOOL FOR DIFFICULT-TO-MACHINE MATERIAL AND GRINDING PROCESS

EP4737062A1EP 4737062 A1EP4737062 A1EP 4737062A1EP-4737062-A1

Abstract

Disclosed is a superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-grind materials and grinding process thereof. The superhard material abrasive tool comprises a first substrate (1), a pressing plate (2) and a plurality of grinding segments (3), wherein the first substrate (1) is of an annular structure, the plurality of grinding segments (3) are distributed in a circumferential direction of the first substrate (1) and assembled into an annular structure, and a radial water channel (4) is formed between two grinding segments (3); the pressing plate (2) is of an annular structure and is fixedly mounted at one end of the first substrate (1) for tightly pressing the plurality of grinding segments (3); and a mixed cooling passage (5) is formed between the pressing plate (2) and the first substrate (1) for feeding grinding fluid and/or cooling fluid; each grinding segment (3) comprises a plurality of abrasive particles, and the thickness h of the grinding segment (3) and the particle size b of the abrasive particles satisfy the following formula: b≤h < 2b. The abrasive tool can superimpose auxiliary means based on the particularities of different difficult-to-machine materials to improve grinding efficiency and quality.

Inventors

  • SONG, Jingxin
  • LIANG, Anning

Assignees

  • GUILIN GRIND-ACADEMY MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
  • Guilin Champion Union Diamond Co., Ltd.

Dates

Publication Date
20260506
Application Date
20240730

Claims (10)

  1. A superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-machine materials, comprising a first substrate (1), a pressing plate (2) and a plurality of grinding segments (3); wherein the first substrate (1) is of an annular structure, the plurality of grinding segments (3) are distributed in the circumferential direction of the first substrate (1) and assembled into an annular structure, and a radial water channel (4) is formed between every two adjacent grinding segments (3); the pressing plate (2) is of an annular structure, which is fixedly mounted at one end of the first substrate (1) and used for pressing the plurality of grinding segments (3) tightly; a mixed cooling passage (5) for feeding grinding fluid and/or cooling fluid is formed between the pressing plate (2) and the first substrate (1), a fluid inlet communicating with the mixed cooling passage (5) is formed between one end of the pressing plate (2) and one end of the first substrate (1), and the plurality of water channels (4) are respectively communicated with the mixed cooling passage (5); each of the grinding segments (3) comprises a plurality of abrasive particles, and the thickness h of each grinding segment (3) and the particle size b of the abrasive particles satisfy the following formula: b ≤ h < 2 b ; where the unit of both the thickness h of each grinding segment (3) and the particle size b of the abrasive particles is decimillimeter (dmm).
  2. The superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of grinding segments (3) are respectively distributed on the circumference of the first substrate (1), and the parts of one ends of the grinding segments (3) on their inner sides are recessed to form an annular step (6); the outer side of the pressing plate (2) presses the annular step (6) tightly.
  3. The superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 2, wherein the parts of the opposite sides of two adjacent grinding segments (3) on their inner sides are respectively recessed to form a water channel (4), and the parts of both sides of one of the grinding segments (3) on its outer side are wavy and form a water channels (4) with an adjacent grinding segment (3).
  4. The superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of grinding segments (3) are located at the edge of one end of the first substrate (1), and the pressing plate (2) presses the inner side of the edge of one end of the plurality of grinding segments (3) tightly.
  5. The superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of blades (7) are fixedly mounted at uniform intervals in the circumferential direction on the part of the first substrate (1) corresponding to the inside of the mixed cooling passage (5), the plurality of blades (7) are respectively arranged perpendicular to the first substrate (1) and extend in the radial direction of the first substrate (1).
  6. The superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 4, wherein a second substrate (8) is further fixedly mounted on the first substrate (1), the outer side of the second substrate (8) extends beyond the outer side of the first substrate (1) and wraps the circumference of the first substrate (1), and the pressing plate (2) is located between the first substrate (1) and the second substrate (8).
  7. The superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of grinding segments (3) are grouped in pairs, a water channel (4) with an open inner side at one end and a closed outer side is formed between the two grinding segments (3) in each group; and a water channel (4) with an open inner side and an open outer side at one end is formed between two adjacent groups of grinding segments (3).
  8. The superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein a plurality of bosses (9) are fixedly mounted at uniform intervals on both sides of each grinding segment (3), and each boss (9) is attached to a corresponding side of a corresponding grinding segment (3).
  9. The superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 8, wherein each boss (9) is of a frustoconical structure.
  10. A grinding process using the superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: feeding cooling fluid into the mixed cooling passage (5) through the fluid inlet, the cooling fluid reaches the working surface of the abrasive tool through the plurality of water channels (4) for cooling; meanwhile, feeding grinding fluid into the mixed cooling passage (5) through the fluid inlet, wherein the grinding fluid reaches the grinding zone of the abrasive tool through the plurality of water channels (4) to grind the workpiece to be machined and the plurality of grinding segments (3).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The disclosure relate to the technical field of grinding, in particular to a superhard material abrasive tool and grinding process for difficult-to-machine materials. BACKGROUND ART Difficult-to-grind materials mainly refer to ceramics, stainless steels, cemented carbides, titanium alloys, heat-resistant alloys, aluminum alloys, composite materials, etc. During the grinding of difficult-to-grind materials, chipping and damage of workpiece are prone to occur; intense chemical affinity between the workpiece and abrasive particles at high temperatures tends to cause plastic failure of the abrasive particles of the grinding wheel, resulting in massive fragmentation; grinding chips are likely to adhere to the surface of abrasive particles, and severe adhesion can rapidly dull the working surface of the grinding wheel, leading to loss of grinding ability; grinding chips, especially tough non-powdery chips, are difficult to discharge and tend to clog the spaces between the exposed abrasive particles on the working surface of the grinding wheel, causing less amount of cutting by the abrasive particles or even complete loss of grinding ability; the abrasive particles of the grinding wheel are susceptible to accelerated wear and dulling due to heat, leading to decreased cutting pressure of the abrasive particles as well as slippage and difficult to grind during operation; burn marks and cracks may appear on the surface of workpiece. The main grinding characteristics of different difficult-to-grind materials mainly include high temperature in the grinding zone, severe abrasive tool wear, low grinding efficiency, and large grinding force. The traditional adaptation technology of the three key elements of abrasive tools-"abrasive particles, bond, and pores"-has been the main technical route for improving abrasive tool performance over the past decades. However, this technical route has not yet solved the major industrial technical problems in the grinding of difficult-to-grind materials. Currently, various attempts have been made for processing different difficult-to-grind materials, such as superimposing ultrasonic-assisted grinding technique, composite material grinding wheel technique, and intelligent control technique for the grinding process into traditional grinding techniques. While these attempts have achieved certain results, challenges and difficulties still remain, and it is still difficult to meet the requirements of high-speed, high-precision, and high-quality machining. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a superhard material abrasive tool and a grinding process for difficult-to-machine materials, aiming to address the problems existing in the prior art. The present disclosure solves the above technical problem through the following technical solution: A superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-machine materials comprises a first substrate, a pressing plate, and a plurality of grinding segments, wherein the first substrate has an annular structure, the multiple grinding segments are distributed in the circumferential direction of the first substrate and assembled into an annular structure, and a radial water channel is formed between every two adjacent grinding segments; the pressing plate has an annular structure and is fixedly mounted at one end of the first substrate for pressing the multiple grinding segments tightly; a mixed cooling passage for feeding grinding fluid and/or cooling fluid is formed between the pressing plate and the first substrate, a fluid inlet communicated with the mixed cooling passage is formed between one end of the pressing plate and one end of the first substrate, and the multiple water channels are respectively in communication with the mixed cooling passage; each grinding segment includes a plurality of abrasive particles, and the thickness h of each grinding segment and the particle size b of the abrasive particles satisfy the following formula: b≤h<2b That is, in the circumferential direction of any point on the working surface of the grinding segment, it is impossible to accommodate two abrasive particles of the same exposed height and the same particle size. Where, the units of the thickness h of each grinding segment and the particle size b of the abrasive particles are both decimillimeters (dmm). The beneficial effects of the present solution are as follows: during assembly, the driving end of a driving member (e.g., a motor) extends into the center of the first substrate and is fixedly connected thereto; in the machining process, the working layer composed of the first substrate, the pressing plate and the multiple grinding segments is driven to rotate by the driving member to perform grinding on the workpiece; in this process, cooling fluid is fed into the mixed cooling passage from the fluid inlet through a manner conceivable to those skilled in the art, and the cooling fluid reaches the working surface