EP-4738418-A1 - INTERRUPTER, POWER DISTRIBUTION DEVICE, AND VEHICLE

EP4738418A1EP 4738418 A1EP4738418 A1EP 4738418A1EP-4738418-A1

Abstract

An interrupter, a power distribution device, and a vehicle are provided, and relate to the field of interrupter technologies. The interrupter includes: a base having an arc chute; a sealing cover, disposed at an opening of the arc chute, where a first channel that passes through the sealing cover exists in the sealing cover; a current-carrying copper busbar, where the current-carrying copper busbar is disposed in parallel with the sealing cover, the current-carrying copper busbar passes through the sealing cover in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the sealing cover, the current-carrying copper busbar includes a thinned part, and a thickness of the thinned part is less than a thickness of another part of the current-carrying copper busbar; a piston, where the piston is at least partially accommodated in the first channel, a projection of the piston in a thickness direction of the sealing cover at least partially overlaps with the thinned part, a side wall of the arc chute surrounds the piston, an annular airway is formed between the side wall and the piston, and the annular airway surrounds a periphery of the piston along a circumference of the piston; and a first flame extinguishing structure, where the first flame extinguishing structure includes an internal channel, the internal channel is configured to communicate with the annular airway and external space of the first flame extinguishing structure, and the first flame extinguishing structure is located in the arc chute. The interrupter provided in this application can improve arc extinguishing efficiency.

Inventors

ZHOU, XUDONG
RAN, XIAOKE
GONG, Yawen
Zhao, Fugao
ZHANG, Xiufeng
CHEN, Taixian
LIU, Yanbo
HUANG, JIAJUN

Assignees

Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd.

Dates

Publication Date: 20260506
Application Date: 20251030

Claims (15)

An interrupter, comprising: a base having an arc chute; a sealing cover, disposed at an opening of the arc chute, wherein a first channel that passes through the sealing cover exists in the sealing cover; a current-carrying busbar, wherein the current-carrying busbar is disposed in parallel with the sealing cover, the current-carrying busbar passes through the sealing cover in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the sealing cover, the current-carrying busbar comprises a thinned part, and a thickness of the thinned part is less than a thickness of another part of the current-carrying busbar; a piston, wherein the piston is at least partially accommodated in the first channel, a projection of the piston in a thickness direction of the sealing cover at least partially overlaps with the thinned part, a side wall of the arc chute surrounds the piston, an annular airway is formed between the side wall and the piston, and the annular airway surrounds a periphery of the piston along a circumference of the piston; and a first flame extinguishing structure, wherein the first flame extinguishing structure comprises an internal channel, the internal channel is configured to communicate with the annular airway and external space of the first flame extinguishing structure, and the first flame extinguishing structure is located in the arc chute.
The interrupter according to claim 1, wherein a side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure is fitted against the side wall of the arc chute, the piston comprises one inclined end face in the thickness direction of the sealing cover, and the inclined end face is configured to be fitted against an end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure and that faces the piston and is located between the side wall of the arc chute and the end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure and that faces the piston.
The interrupter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base has a groove, a bottom wall of the groove is provided with a sleeve, the sleeve extends from the bottom wall of the groove to an opening direction of the groove, the sleeve encloses the arc chute, the annular airway is formed between an inner wall of the sleeve and the piston, an inner wall surface of the groove and an outer wall surface of the sleeve enclose a flame extinguishing cavity, and the flame extinguishing cavity is an annular cavity and surrounds a periphery of the arc chute.
The interrupter according to claim 3, wherein the sleeve has a through hole that communicates with the arc chute and the flame extinguishing cavity, the through hole passes through a side wall of the sleeve, and the first flame extinguishing structure is located in the sleeve and covers the through hole.
The interrupter according to claim 4, wherein the interrupter comprises a second flame extinguishing structure, the second flame extinguishing structure is located in the flame extinguishing cavity, the second flame extinguishing structure has an internal channel, and in a through direction of the through hole, a projection of at least one second flame extinguishing structure at least partially overlaps with a projection of the through hole.
The interrupter according to claim 5, wherein at least one second flame extinguishing structure is disposed on each of two opposite sides in a direction perpendicular to the through direction of the through hole.
The interrupter according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein a distance between the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure and a center line of the sleeve is less than a distance between a partial inner wall of the sleeve and the center line of the sleeve, and is greater than a distance between another partial inner wall of the sleeve and the center line of the sleeve, and in a radial direction of the sleeve, a projection of the partial inner wall of the sleeve covers the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure.
The interrupter according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein there are at least two protrusions at one end that is of the piston and that faces the first flame extinguishing structure, there is a groove between the at least two protrusions, and an outer circumferential surface of the protrusion is configured to be fitted against an inner wall surface of the sleeve.
The interrupter according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the sealing cover has a raised eave that protrudes toward the base, the raised eave encloses an accommodation groove, one end of the sleeve is accommodated in the accommodation groove, and an inner wall of the groove, the raised eave, and the sleeve are arranged in sequence in the radial direction of the sleeve.
The interrupter according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the base has a third channel, and the third channel communicates with the flame extinguishing cavity and external space of the base.
The interrupter according to claim 10, wherein there is at least one layer of filter in the third channel, and the filter has a porous structure.
The interrupter according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the interrupter has a third flame extinguishing structure; and the third flame extinguishing structure is located in the third channel, and/or the third flame extinguishing structure is located in the flame extinguishing cavity and covers a port that is of the third channel and that faces the flame extinguishing cavity.
The interrupter according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein there are at least two arc chutes, the at least two arc chutes are spaced apart, there are at least two first channels, which communicate with the arc chutes in a one-to-one matching manner, and there are at least two pistons, which are accommodated in the first channels in a one-to-one matching manner.
A power distribution device, comprising a connector and the interrupter according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the connector is configured to be electrically connected to a power supply, and the interrupter is electrically connected between the connector and the power supply.
A vehicle, comprising a power supply and the power distribution device according to claim 14, wherein the power supply is electrically connected to the power distribution device, and the interrupter is electrically connected between the connector and the power supply.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD This application relates to the field of interrupter technologies, and in particular, to an interrupter, a power distribution device, and a vehicle. BACKGROUND An interrupter is an electronic element configured to connect or disconnect currents in one or more circuits. When the circuit is overloaded or short-circuited or has another fault, the interrupter can automatically switch to a disconnected state to disconnect the current in the circuit, thereby playing a protection role. When the interrupter disconnects the current, an arc is generated accordingly, which prolongs disconnection time of the circuit, and is prone to endanger safe operation of a power system and cause casualties and great property losses due to its high temperature. Therefore, when using the interrupter, arc extinguishing is required to be performed on the generated arc, to reduce hazards caused by the arc. However, the interrupter is still slow in arc extinguishing. SUMMARY This application provides an interrupter, a power distribution device, and a vehicle, to improve arc extinguishing efficiency. According to a first aspect, this application provides an interrupter, including: a base having an arc chute; a sealing cover, disposed at an opening of the arc chute, where a first channel that passes through the sealing cover exists in the sealing cover; a current-carrying copper busbar, where the current-carrying copper busbar is disposed in parallel with the sealing cover, the current-carrying copper busbar passes through the sealing cover in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the sealing cover, the current-carrying copper busbar includes a thinned part, and a thickness of the thinned part is less than a thickness of another part of the current-carrying copper busbar; a piston, where the piston is at least partially accommodated in the first channel, a projection of the piston in a thickness direction of the sealing cover at least partially overlaps with the thinned part, a side wall of the arc chute surrounds the piston, an annular airway is formed between the side wall and the piston, and the annular airway surrounds a periphery of the piston along a circumference of the piston; and a first flame extinguishing structure, where the first flame extinguishing structure includes an internal channel, the internal channel is configured to communicate with the annular airway and external space of the first flame extinguishing structure, and the first flame extinguishing structure is located in the arc chute. According to the interrupter provided in this application, the piston breaks the current-carrying copper busbar and then enters an arc chute. The current-carrying copper busbar is fractured, and an arc is generated. The piston may lead the arc into the arc chute, and the arc chute may independently extinguish the arc that enters the arc chute. After the piston enters the arc chute, there is an annular airway between an outer wall of the piston and the side wall of the arc chute, and the arc may enter the annular airway. A long annular airway can quickly increase arc pressure of the arc, to implement quick arc extinguishing. The first flame extinguishing structure can cushion the piston that enters the arc chute, to reduce damage caused by an impact force to another structure of the interrupter. In addition, the first flame extinguishing structure further has a capability of absorbing heat and adsorbing a charged particle, and can attract the arc and a high-temperature free gas to the annular airway of the arc chute, to increase a path of the arc. The arc can be quickly extinguished, and the high-temperature free gas can be cooled by the first flame extinguishing structure. Electrons and charged ions in the high-temperature free gas may also be adsorbed by the first flame extinguishing structure. In a possible implementation, a side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure is fitted against the side wall of the arc chute, the piston includes one inclined end face in the thickness direction of the sealing cover, and the inclined end face is configured to be fitted against an end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure and that faces the piston and is located between the side wall of the arc chute and the end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure and that faces the piston. After the first flame extinguishing structure is impacted by the piston, the first flame extinguishing structure can expand and deform from the inside of the first flame extinguishing structure to an outer side. The end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure and that faces the piston squeezes the inclined end face of the piston, to squeeze the piston between the side wall of the arc chute and a first end face, thereby preventing the piston from rebounding in a positive Z direction. In a possible implementation, the base has a groove, a bottom wall of the groove is provided with a