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EP-4739750-A1 - WASTE TREATMENT PLANT

EP4739750A1EP 4739750 A1EP4739750 A1EP 4739750A1EP-4739750-A1

Abstract

Waste treatment plant 60 characterized by the fact that it includes: - a first reactor 1 inside which said waste 60 is reacted at a temperature above 500°C in order to obtain a first product 17, and fluidly connected to a first cavitator 4 in which said first product 17 is transformed into at least one first hydrocarbon 64, a second reactor 2 inside which at least a portion of said at least one first hydrocarbon 64 is reacted at a temperature above 500°C in order to obtain a second product 63, and fluidly connected with a second cavitator 9 in which said second product is transformed into a second hydrocarbon 66.

Inventors

  • ISOPO, CRISTIAN
  • MESTRONI, Alessandro

Assignees

  • Isopo, Cristian
  • Mestroni, Alessandro

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20240704

Claims (15)

  1. 1 . Waste treatment plant (60) characterized by comprising: a first reactor (1 ) inside which said waste (60) is reacted at a temperature above 500°C in order to obtain a first product (17), and fluidly connected to a first cavitator (4) in which said first product (17) is transformed into at least one first hydrocarbon (64), a second reactor (2) inside which at least a portion of said at least one first hydrocarbon (64) is reacted at a temperature above 500°C in order to obtain a second product (63), and fluidly connected with a second cavitator (9) in which said second product is transformed into a second hydrocarbon (66).
  2. 2. Plant according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that said first reactor (1 ) is contained at least partially, and preferably completely, inside said second reactor (2).
  3. 3. Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by the fact of comprising a third reactor (3) which is external and separate from said first (1 ) and/or said second (2) reactor, and is configured to react at least a part of said first hydrocarbon (64), and is fluidly connected with said second cavitator.
  4. 4. Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by the fact that said first (4) and said second (9) cavitator each comprise a plurality of devices (22, 29) configured to separate said first (64) and said second (66) hydrocarbon from reaction waste.
  5. 5. Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by the fact that said first (1 ) and said second (2) reactor are both thermally associated with a first heat exchanger (15) configured to recover, at least partially, the heat generated from the reactions that take place inside said first (1 ) and said second (2) reactor.
  6. 6. Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by the fact that it comprises a container (35) into which said raw material (60) is inserted, in the floured state, and that said raw material is mixed with a fluid, preferably water, at inside a mixer (32) in order to obtain a mixture (67).
  7. 7. Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by the fact of comprising a further cavitator (30) fluidly connected to said mixer (32) and configured to transform said mixture (67) into a third product (68).
  8. 8. Plant according to the previous claim characterized by the fact that said first reactor (1 ) is configured to react said third product (68) and said raw material (60), and is therefore fluidly connected with said further cavitator (30).
  9. 9. Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by the fact that downstream of said first (4) and/or said second (9) cavitator, there are devices (43, 53) for the treatment of waste.
  10. 10. Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by the fact that at least one of said cavitators (4, 9, 30) is a hydrodynamic cavitator with ultrafine implosive bubbles.
  11. 11 . Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by the fact that said first (1 ) and/or said second reactor are configured to react said raw material (60) and/or said third product (68) and/or said first hydrocarbon (68) at a temperature between 700 and 1600°C.
  12. 12. Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by the fact that all the inlet and/or outlet joints from said first (1 ) and/or said second (2) reactor are sealed.
  13. 13. Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by the fact that said first product (17) is syngas.
  14. 14. Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized in that said second product (63) is CO2.
  15. 15. Plant according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by comprising at least one, and preferably a plurality of the following: a first pressure sensor (20) and a first temperature sensor (21 ) positioned at the base of the first reactor (1 ), a second pair of pressure sensors (20', 20") positioned in correspondence with the grid (42), preferably one positioned in an upper position and one positioned in a lower position with respect to the grid (42), a second temperature sensor (21'), preferably positioned at the base of the second reactor (2), pressure (20) and temperature 21 sensors can be located at the base of the reactor (1 ) and above the heat exchanger (15), corresponding pressure (20") and temperature (21") sensors can be positioned in correspondence with the first (4) and second (9) cavitator.

Description

WASTE TREATMENT PLANT The present invention concerns a waste treatment plant. In particular, the present invention concerns a plant for the treatment of waste in order to produce energy sources, in particular at least one hydrocarbon. The various techniques currently used for the disposal of biomass, municipal and special solid waste, coming from hospitals and industries, allow the partial recovery of the energy obtained from combustion, a partial reduction of fly ash and a small reduction of the gases generated during combustion, such as CO2, CO and NOx and which, although they pass through the filters, are still largely released into the atmosphere. The relevant state of the art also includes: - AU 2020470809 which shows a system for the recovery of agricultural waste in the form of biomass which involves sending the biomass to a first reactor from which it is subsequently sent to a cavitator. All reactions take place within the same reactor at room temperature. - US 2016/045841 shows a plant for the treatment of waste including biomass, in which however the first reaction product is not reacted in a first cavitator to obtain a hydrocarbon to be sent to a second reactor, and the second reaction is not sent to a second cavitator to obtain a second hydrocarbon. The aim of the present invention is to propose a system which allows the drawbacks of known solutions to be overcome. Another purpose of the present invention is to propose a system that allows the calorific value of waste to be optimally recovered. Another purpose of the present invention is to propose a system that allows the treatment of a large variety of raw materials. Another purpose of the present invention is to propose a system that allows the quantity of pollutants released to be reduced as much as possible. Another purpose of the present invention is to propose a system that can be created simply and quickly and at low costs. Another purpose of the present invention is to propose a system that is alternative and/or improved compared to traditional solutions. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that is efficient in its operation. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that allows to obtain a controlled mixture of hydrocarbons. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that allows energy to be obtained in the form of heat. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that allows water to be heated for other uses with the heat generated by waste treatment. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that allows the optimization of the quantity of fuel generated with the same raw material. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that allows the efficient use of floured raw material. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that can be used in a simple and intuitive way. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that is modular and therefore simpler and quicker to install. Another purpose of the invention is to propose an efficient system for the abatement of residual pollutants from combustion and gasification processes. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a plant for the treatment of existing waste. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system capable of speeding up the transformations of mixtures of compounds formed by Hydrogen and Carbon in different states of matter (liquid, solid, gas). Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system capable of creating the same hydrocarbon formation conditions that occur in nature thanks to geochemical reactions over the years. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that allows the recovery of noble raw materials such as lithium. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that allows maximizing the extraction yields of other materials, ensuring efficient recovery of process waste. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that allows geochemical reactions to be simulated. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that allows the treatment of radioactive materials, reducing their lifespan. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that is scalable. Another purpose of the invention is to propose a system that is flexible and adaptable to different treatment protocols. All these objects, and others which will clearly appear from the description, are obtained by means of a system having the characteristics described in claim 1 . Other structural and functional characteristics of the present invention and the relative advantages compared to the known technique will be even clearer and more evident from an examination of the following description, referring to an exemplary and preferred, but not limiting, embodiment of the joint and fixing system for containment and separation borders, object of the present invention, and from the attached drawings, where: - figure 1 shows a schematic view