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EP-4739846-A1 - DAM FOR ACCUMULATING BACKED-UP WATER AND METHOD FOR RETROFITTING SUCH

EP4739846A1EP 4739846 A1EP4739846 A1EP 4739846A1EP-4739846-A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a dam (1) for accumulating impounded water (5), wherein the dam (1) has a separation structure (2), in particular a barrier wall of a floodwater release system of the dam (1), in order to separate water (5) impounded by the separation structure (2) on an impounded water side (3) of the separation structure (2) from an air side (4) of the separation structure (2), wherein the dam (1) is designed to discharge impounded water (5) with overflow (6) over the separation structure (2) when used for floodwater discharge. In order to increase operational capability, the dam (1) has a wave damper (10) arranged on the impounded water side spaced apart from the separation structure (2) in front of the separation structure (2), especially when seen in a plan view, in order for the wave damper (10) to form a barrier for damping, in particular, at least partially reflecting, impounded-water waves (9) that move in a flow direction (A) of the separation structure (2) during use. The invention also relates to a method for retrofitting a dam (1).

Inventors

  • MAYR, Dominik

Assignees

  • Mayr, Dominik

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20240502

Claims (14)

  1. 1. Dam (1) for damming up dammed water (5), wherein the dam (1) has a separation structure (2), in particular a barrier wall of a flood relief system of the dam (1), in order to separate dammed water (5) accumulated by the separation structure (2) on a dammed water side (3) of the separation structure (2) from an air side (4) of the separation structure (2), wherein the dam (1) is designed to discharge dammed water (5) with an overflow (6) over the separation structure (2) when used for flood discharge, characterized in that the dam (1), in particular in plan view, on the dammed water side, spaced from the separation structure (2) in front of the separation structure (2) has a wave damper (10) in order to form a barrier with the wave damper (10) for damping, in particular at least partially reflecting, the dammed water (5) accumulated by the separation structure (2) in an inflow direction (A) of the separation structure (2) moving backwater waves (9).
  2. 2. Dam (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the wave damper (10) is formed with one or more, in particular wall-element-like, barrier elements (11), wherein the respective barrier element (11) defines a front surface facing away from the separation structure (2) and a rear surface facing the separation structure (2), wherein the front surface and/or rear surface is oriented transversely, in particular substantially orthogonally, to the flow direction (A) in order to at least partially deflect, in particular to reflect, the backwater waves (9) with the front surface.
  3. 3. Dam (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the respective barrier element (11) is a wall element oriented transversely, in particular substantially orthogonally, to the flow direction (A).
  4. 4. Dam (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the respective barrier element (11) is arranged such that the barrier element (11) can be flowed around on the underside by the backwater (5).
  5. 5. Dam (1) according to claim 2 to 4, characterized in that, in particular in a vertical cross-section, the front side surface and/or the rear side surface of the barrier element (11) are each at least partially concavely curved when viewed in the direction of flow.
  6. 6. Dam (1) according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the respective barrier element (11) is formed in a vertical cross section of the barrier element (11) with an upper barrier element part (13) and a lower barrier element part (14), wherein the upper barrier element part (13) has a substantially vertically oriented first longitudinal direction (15) and the lower barrier element part (14) has a second longitudinal direction (16) oriented in the direction of a lower end of the barrier element (11), wherein the second longitudinal direction (16) is oriented at an angle to the first longitudinal axis (15) and facing away from the separation structure (2).
  7. 7. Dam (1) according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the barrier element (11) is arranged such that the lower barrier element part (14) is located below a separation structure crown (7) of the separation structure (2) and/or the upper barrier element part (13) is located at least partially above the separation structure crown (7).
  8. 8. Dam (1) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that in the vertical cross section of the barrier element (11) a partial region of the lower barrier element part (14) has a front outer contour and a rear outer contour, which face the lower end of the barrier element (1) in a divergent manner.
  9. 9. Dam (1) according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the respective barrier element (11) has a lower end piece with a curved end piece outer contour in the vertical cross section of the barrier element (11), wherein the end piece outer contour preferably extends from a front outer contour to a rear outer contour of the barrier element (11).
  10. 10. Dam (1) according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that in the flow direction (A) of the separation structure (2) in front of a predominant, preferably substantially entire, length, a horizontal extension of the separation structure (2), the wave damper (10), in particular one or more barrier elements (11), form a barrier for damping, in particular at least partially reflecting, backwater waves (9) moving in the flow direction (A) of the separation structure (2) during use.
  11. 11. Dam (1) according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the respective barrier element (11) is arranged in front of a separation structure crown (7) of the separation structure (2) in such a way that, viewed in the direction of flow, a vertical extension of the barrier element (11) overlaps with a backwater side surface of the separation structure (2) and the vertical extension projects beyond the separation structure crown (7).
  12. 12. Dam (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the wave damper (10), in particular the respective barrier element (11), is connected to the separation structure (2) by a support device, in particular one or more support elements (12), in particular in such a way that the wave damper (10) is held by the support device at a distance from a floor of a storage space receiving the backwater (5).
  13. 13. Dam (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the dam (1) has a barrier structure, in particular a dam, for damming the backwater (5) and a flood relief system for flood discharge, wherein the separation structure (2) is part of the flood relief system in order to discharge backwater (5) with overflow (6) via the separation structure (2) for flood discharge with the flood relief system.
  14. 14. Method for converting a dam (1) which is designed to dam up backwater (5), in particular to a dam (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the dam (1) has a separation structure (2), in particular a dam, in order to separate backwater (5) dammed up by the separation structure (2) on a backwater side (3) of the separation structure (2) from an air side (4) of the separation structure (2), wherein the dam (1) is designed to discharge stagnant water (5) with an overflow (6) over the separation structure (2) when used for flood discharge, characterized in that a wave damper (10) is added to the dam (1), in particular in plan view, on the stagnant water side, at a distance from the separation structure (2), in order to form a barrier with the wave damper (10) for dampening stagnant water waves (9) moving in an approach direction (A) of the separation structure (2) when used.

Description

Dam for storing backwater and method for converting such a The invention relates to a dam for damming backwater, wherein the dam has a separation structure, in particular a barrier wall of a flood relief system of the dam, in order to separate backwater dammed up by the separation structure on a backwater side of the separation structure from an air side of the separation structure, wherein the dam is designed to discharge backwater with overflow over the separation structure in an application for flood discharge. The invention further relates to a method for converting such a dam. Dams, such as dams, are usually designed to dam up backwater in a reservoir using a barrier structure, such as a dam, in order to convert potential energy of the backwater into electrical energy, for example by transferring backwater to a lower spatial level. A dam usually has a reservoir target, which is defined as the maximum permissible backwater level in normal operation of the dam, in order to prevent damage to the dam, in particular the barrier. In order to prevent the reservoir target from being permanently exceeded in the event of flooding, for example as a result of weather events, the dam can have a flood relief system, formed with a barrier wall adjacent to the backwater as a separation structure, in order to drain backwater from the reservoir of the dam when backwater overflows the barrier wall. Alternatively, the dam can be designed to implement a discharge of backwater from the reservoir when backwater overflows the barrier structure as a separation structure. This is where the invention comes in. The object of the invention is to provide a dam of the type mentioned at the beginning, which increases the usability of the dam, in particular with regard to flood relief of the dam. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset for converting a dam, which increases the usability of the dam, in particular with regard to flood relief of the dam. The object is achieved according to the invention in that a dam of the type mentioned at the outset, in particular in plan view, has a wave damper on the backwater side, spaced from the separation structure in front of the separation structure, in order to form a barrier with the wave damper for damping, in particular at least partially reflecting, backwater waves moving in an oncoming flow direction of the separation structure, in particular at the overflow level. In order to achieve efficient drainage of backwater by means of the overflow over the separation structure, it is advantageous if the overflow takes place as a continuous outflow, preferably guided through a surface of a separation structure crown of the separation structure. It has been found that the drainage of backwater by backwater waves, which are often formed by water flowing into the reservoir and/or wind influences on a backwater surface, can impair the drainage of backwater by means of the overflow. Backwater waves hitting the separation structure crown can cause a pulsating flow over the separation structure crown or water drainage, in particular with a backwater flow lifting off a surface of the separation structure. This often leads to a reduced drainage of backwater and/or can be associated with damage to or impairment of a collecting structure that receives the drained backwater. In particular, any impairment of the drainage of backwater may compromise the safety of the dam, especially when severe weather events require efficient drainage of backwater from the reservoir. The invention is based on the idea of providing a wave damper in the dam for flood discharge or flood relief with overflow of accumulated backwater over the separation structure in order to use the wave damper to dampen, in particular at least partially reflect and/or absorb, backwater waves moving in the direction of flow of the separation structure. In this way, a wave damper caused by backwater waves can be used to Influence, in particular impairment, of the overflow of backwater over the separation structure can be reduced. In particular, it can be achieved that a backwater region located between the wave damper and the separation structure has backwater waves with a smaller average amplitude due to the damping with the damping element compared to a backwater region located in front of the wave damper in the direction of flow and adjacent to the wave damper. The wave damper is usually arranged in a close area of the separation structure, on the backwater side, at a distance from the separation structure, in particular upstream of the separation structure. The dam usually has a storage space, with the backwater being dammed up in the storage space. The separation structure usually forms a boundary, in particular a wall, of the storage space. A side of the separation structure facing the backwater is usually referred to as the backwater side. A side of the separation structure fac