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EP-4740296-A1 - ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT FOR A VEHICLE ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE UNIT

EP4740296A1EP 4740296 A1EP4740296 A1EP 4740296A1EP-4740296-A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical circuit (6) comprising: - two input terminals (13) capable of being connected to a DC voltage; - a control unit (7p, 7s); - a first switching arm (B1, B3) comprising two controllable electronic switches (12) in series on either side of a first midpoint, the switches in this first arm being controlled according to a first duty cycle by the control unit; - a second switching arm (B2, B4) comprising two controllable electronic switches (12) in series on either side of a second midpoint, the switches in this second arm being controlled according to a second duty cycle by the control unit; - an inductive cell (10, 20) for contactless energy exchange consisting of an inductor, the inductive cell being mounted between the first and second midpoints (14, 15), the first (B1, B3) and second (B2, B4) arms being mounted in parallel, the circuit comprising a filtering cell (11, 21) for filtering out common-mode and/or differential-mode noise.

Inventors

  • ALLALI, Nicolas

Assignees

  • Valeo eAutomotive Germany GmbH

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20240703

Claims (11)

  1. 1. Electrical circuit (4, 6) comprising: two input terminals capable of being connected to a direct voltage, - a control unit (7p, 7s) - a first switching arm (Bl, B3), comprising two controllable electronic switches (12) in series on either side of a first midpoint (14), the switches of this first arm being controlled according to a first duty cycle by the control unit - a second switching arm (B2, B4), comprising two controllable electronic switches (12) in series on either side of a second midpoint (15), the switches of this second arm being controlled according to a second duty cycle by the control unit, - an inductive cell (10, 20) for contactless energy exchange constituted by an inductance, the inductive cell (10, 20) being mounted between the first and second midpoints (14, 15), the first (B1, B3) and second (B2, B4) arms being mounted in parallel, the control unit (7p, 7s) being configured to act on the first and second duty cycle so that the voltage between the first and second midpoints (14, 15) emulates the presence of an inductance and a capacitor mounted in series with the inductive cell (10, 20), wherein the circuit comprises a filtering cell (11, 21) for common mode noise and/or differential mode noise, this cell comprising: two magnetically coupled inductances (17a, 17b, 24a, 24b), each inductance being arranged in series between a midpoint (14, 15) of a switching arm and a terminal of the inductive cell (10, 20), and at least one of a capacitor (16, 26) arranged in parallel with the inductive cell and a capacitor (18a, 18b, 28a, 28b) arranged between a terminal of the inductive cell and the ground.
  2. 2. Electrical circuit according to claim 1, in which the filtering cell (11, 21) is a cell for filtering common mode noise and differential mode noise, the cell comprising: a first capacitor (16, 26) arranged in parallel with the inductive cell (10, 20), a second capacitor (18a, 28a) disposed between a first terminal of the inductive cell and ground, and a third capacitor (18b, 28b) disposed between a second terminal of the inductive cell and ground.
  3. 3. Electrical circuit according to claim 2, in which the capacitance of the first capacitor (16) is less than or equal to 1 mF and greater than or equal to 10 nF.
  4. 4. Electrical circuit according to one of claims 2 or 3, in which the capacitance of the second capacitor (18a, 28a) and/or of the third capacitor (18b, 28b) is less than or equal to 1 mF and greater than or equal to 10 nF.
  5. 5. An electrical circuit according to any one of claims 2 to 4, in which the first capacitor (16, 26) is of type X and in which the second (18a, 28a) and the third (18b, 28b) capacitors are capacitors of type Y.
  6. 6. Electrical circuit according to one of the preceding claims, in which each of the inductances (17a, 17b, 24a, 24b) of the filtering cell (11, 21) has a value less than or equal to 1 mH and greater than or equal to 100 nH.
  7. 7. Electrical circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the two input terminals (13) are connected to a voltage network (5) via an AC/DC converter.
  8. 8 Electrical circuit according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the two input terminals (13) are connected to an electrical energy storage unit (2).
  9. 9. An electrical circuit according to claim 8, wherein the two switching arms define a DC/AC converter allowing impedance matching on the AC input of this DC/AC converter independently of the impedance of the electrical energy storage unit (2), one of the first and second switching arms switching at the frequency of the energy exchanged without contact, and the other of the first and second arms switching at a frequency greater than or equal to 5 times or 10 times the frequency of the energy exchanged without contact.
  10. 10. Power supply circuit of an electrical energy storage unit (2), comprising: - a first circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, called “primary circuit (4)”, - a second circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or 8 or 9, called “secondary circuit (6)”, the primary circuit and secondary circuit control units being configured to act on the first and second duty cycles of each circuit so that: - the voltage between the first (14) and second (15) midpoints of the primary circuit (4) emulates the presence of an inductor and a capacitor connected in series with the inductive cell (10) of the primary circuit (4), and - the voltage between the first (14) and second (15) midpoints of the secondary circuit (6) emulates the presence of an inductor and a capacitor connected in series with the inductive cell (20) of the secondary circuit (6), the inductive cell (10) of the primary circuit (4) and the inductive cell (20) of the secondary circuit (6) being configured so as to exchange electrical energy without contact by inductive coupling.
  11. 11. Device for supplying electricity to an electrical energy storage unit (2), comprising: - a charging station for a hybrid or electric vehicle, in which is arranged or to which is connected the primary circuit of the electrical circuit according to claim 10, and - a component capable of being embedded in a hybrid or electric vehicle, in which the secondary circuit of the electrical circuit according to claim 10 is arranged.

Description

Power supply circuit of a vehicle electrical energy storage unit The present invention relates to a contactless power supply circuit for a vehicle electrical energy storage unit. The electrical energy storage unit has, for example, a nominal voltage of 12V, 48V, 60V or more, for example greater than 300V, for example 400V, 800V or 1000V It is known to electrically power an electrical energy storage unit of a vehicle by contactless transmission by inductive coupling at a power of between 3 and 50 kW, when the vehicle is stationary or when it is moving. This power supply by contactless transmission is then done by means of magnetically coupled remote electrical subcircuits tuned to the same resonant frequency. The magnetically coupled subcircuits each implement an LC-type resonant cell. The solution according to the application filed in France under No. 22 09978 on 09/30/2022 which is not part of the state of the art consists of applying an alternating voltage to the terminals of a primary inductive cell coupled by inductive coupling to a secondary inductive cell which, by impedance adaptation, makes it possible to transmit electrical energy at low frequency into an electrical energy storage unit, for example an electric vehicle battery. In this solution, it is necessary to adapt the behavior of the inductive cells by putting large passive capacitive and inductive components in order to operate at low frequency. These components are expensive, very large especially for very low frequencies such as frequencies lower than or equal to 1000Hz, and have an equivalent series resistance ("ESR" in English) whose values can create parasitic behaviors likely to affect the efficiency of the transfer of electrical energy. The invention aims to enable low-frequency inductive charging without the drawbacks mentioned above and it relates, according to one of its aspects, to an electrical circuit comprising: - two input terminals capable of being connected to a direct voltage, - a control unit, - a first switching arm, comprising two electronic switches controllable in series on either side of a first midpoint, the switches of this first arm being controlled according to a first duty cycle by the control unit, - a second switching arm, comprising two electronic switches controllable in series on either side of a second midpoint, the switches of this second arm being controlled according to a second duty cycle by the control unit, - an inductive cell for contactless energy exchange consisting of an inductor, the inductive cell being mounted between the first and second midpoints, the first and second arms being mounted in parallel, the control unit being configured to act on the first and second duty cycle so that the voltage between the first and second midpoints emulates the presence of an inductor and a capacitor mounted in series with the inductive cell, the circuit comprising a cell for filtering common mode noise and/or differential mode noise, this cell comprising: - two magnetically coupled inductors, each inductor being arranged in series between a midpoint of a switching arm and a terminal of the inductive cell, and - at least one of a capacitor arranged in parallel with the inductive cell and a capacitor arranged between a terminal of the inductive cell and earth. The circuit as defined above allows, by controlling the switching arms, to eliminate a capacitor and a physical inductance while obtaining an electrical behavior equivalent to the presence of these physical components. The invention thus takes advantage of the presence of an existing voltage converter to add an additional function to this voltage converter. This reduces the costs and size of the circuit. However, the suppression of these physical components by switching the switching arms can cause the propagation, even at low levels, of high frequency components in the voltage across the inductive cell, this propagation being done in a differential mode and a common mode and generating parasites. The circuit as defined above then also allows, by the presence of the common mode noise and/or differential mode noise filtering cell, to remedy the drawback linked to the elimination of the inductance and the capacitor which are now emulated. The invention therefore makes it possible to eliminate the bulky capacitor and inductor whose behaviors are emulated and to filter high frequencies by using smaller and less expensive inductors and one or more capacitors. The capacitor and inductor replaced by an emulation would for example have had values whose product is at least 5 times greater, in particular at least 10 times greater, than the product of an inductor and a capacitor of the common mode noise and/or differential mode noise filtering cell. For example, the capacitor and inductor replaced by an emulation would have had values whose product is at least 5 times greater, in particular at least 10 times greater, than the product of any inductor and any capaci