Search

EP-4741250-A1 - A RAILWAY SWITCHGEAR DEVICE

EP4741250A1EP 4741250 A1EP4741250 A1EP 4741250A1EP-4741250-A1

Abstract

A device for adjusting a railway switch, in particular a device for manual two-stage control of a switchgear when manually adjusting a railway switch during emergency adjustment and when returning back to the central point adjustment, which includes an electromotive switch (2) with a switchgear (1), where the switchgear (1) includes a first shaft (5) and the electromotive switch (2) includes an electric motor (4) with a second shaft (8), where a latch (6) is mounted on the first shaft (5) of the switchgear (1), on which a gear-less mechanism (7) is mounted, where the latch (6) in the switched on state of the switchgear (1) covers the second shaft (8) of the electric motor (4) and prevents access to it, and where the latch (6) in the switched off state is tilted so that it ensures free access to the second shaft (8) of the electric motor (4) for inserting the hand crank (9).

Inventors

  • Hlavác , Jirí

Assignees

  • AZD Praha s.r.o.

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20251031

Claims (11)

  1. A device for adjusting a railway switch, specifically a device for manual two-stage control of a switchgear when manually adjusting a railway switch during emergency adjustment and when returning back to the central point adjustment of the switches, which includes an electromotive switch (2) with a switchgear (1), where the switchgear (1) includes a first shaft (5) and the electromotive switch (2) includes an electric motor (4) with a second shaft (8), characterised by that on the first shaft (5) of the switchgear (1) a latch (6) is mounted on which a gear-less mechanism (7) is mounted, when the latch (6) in the switched-on state of the switchgear (1) covers the second shaft (8) of the electric motor (4) and prevents access to it, and when the latch (6) in the switched-off state of the switchgear (1) is tilted so as to provide free access to the second shaft (8) of the electric motor (4) for inserting the hand crank (9).
  2. The device for adjusting a railway switch, according to claim 1, characterised by that the second shaft (8) of the electric motor (4) includes a second square (11) for inserting the hand crank (9).
  3. The device for adjusting a railway switch, according to either one of claims 1 and 2, characterised by that the latch (6) consists of an arm (16) and a body (15) of the latch (6), by which it is mounted on the first shaft (5).
  4. The device for adjusting a railway switch, according to claim 3, characterised by that on the body (15) of the latch (6) a pentagon (12) is arranged for operating the switchgear (1) in both directions without slipping.
  5. The device for adjusting a railway switch, according to either one of claims 3 and 4, characterised by that the gear-less mechanism (7) is mounted on the body (15) of the latch (6).
  6. The device for adjusting a switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised by that the gear-less mechanism (7) comprises a first square (10) for inserting a hand crank (9), a ring (17) and a compression spring (18), where the ring (17) rests on the body (15) of the latch (6), while the ring (17) rests with its projections (19) on the projections of the body (15) of the latch (6), for unidirectional movement along the body (15) of the latch (6), with the first square (10) being by at least one projection (20) movably mounted in the groove (21) of the ring (17), and in the cavity (22) of the first square (10) an inner fitting (23) is arranged, while between the inner fitting (23) of the first square (10) and the ring (17) is arranged a compression spring (18), which presses the ring (17) away from the first square (10) onto the body (15) of the latch (6).
  7. The device for adjusting a switch, according to claim 6, characterised by that the first square (10) is simultaneously mounted with its inner fitting (23) on the body (15) of the latch (6).
  8. The for adjusting a switch, according to either one of claims 6 and 7, characterised by that the compression spring (18) is simultaneously mounted on the body (15) of the latch (6).
  9. The device for adjusting a switch according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterised by that the first square (10) comprises in its rear part an outer fitting (24) for supporting a hand crank (9).
  10. The device for adjusting a switch according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterised by that the first square (10) is secured against displacement by a flat washer (25) fixed at the end to the body (15) of the latch (6).
  11. The device for adjusting a switch according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterised by that the body (15) of the latch (6) is attached to the first shaft (5) by a pin (26).

Description

Technical Field The invention relates to a device for adjusting railway switches, specifically to a device for manually operating a switchgear when manually adjusting a railway switch during emergency adjustment and when returning back to the central point setting. State of the Art Currently, a number of design solutions for switchgear devices are known. These devices, which are called electromotive switches, are electromechanical or electro-hydraulic machines that provide adjustment, holding, protection and control functions as well as the function of manual emergency control for a railway switch. Part of such a switch is a motor that ensures the adjustment of the railway switch using electrical energy to power the switch in the central point adjustment of the switchgear system. In the case that for whatever reason electrical power is not available, most often due to an external fault, and at the same time the switch needs to be adjusted, the switches are equipped with the option of their emergency control, which is carried out by a hand crank. This crank, which is not a permanent part of the switch, is placed on the motor shaft or the mechanism connected to it and by rotating the motor shaft, the switch and the switch connected to it are adjusted. In order to prevent the operator from being injured during manual adjustment in the event of a sudden connection of the power supply, the switch is also equipped with a safety, or so-called crank switch, which is mechanically designed to prevent the manual adjustment crank from being used when the point is switched on. Its switching off before using the crank for manual adjustment and subsequent switching on, which reconnects the switch to the central electrical control, is solved in various ways. One of these methods is to raise the latch preventing the crank from being fitted onto the motor shaft using a suitable crank attachment method that lifts the latch and thus disconnects the motor power supply before the crank is put in place. The latch is directly connected to the crank switch. After the crank is pulled out, the latch automatically returns and allows the central setting of the point again. Another possible method is to first turn off the switchgear with a crank or spanner from another place on the switch and, after manually adjusting the point, turn the crank switch back on, thus enabling central point adjustment. A variant of this method of operating the switchgear is the method used mainly in the countries of the former Soviet Union, where the tool for turning off the switchgear is different from the tool for turning the switchgear back on. This allows an operator with lower rights to turn the point off from the central adjustment and to manually adjust it. Usually, a single tool, the crank, is sufficient for these activities. However, after completing the manual adjustment, this operator can no longer return the point back to its central adjustment. This option and authorisation is available to an operator with higher rights, who is equipped with a spanner of a different shape. For example, from patent document CS 200758 an electromotive switch is known, especially intended for switches with high switching resistance, equipped in the transmission chain with a protective friction clutch with an internal friction circuit with an expansion spring, with the friction surface of the internal friction ring of the clutch being shaped in the form of a helix with a prismatic thread profile and the expansion spring, inserted between the open ends of the expanders, is made of disc springs, with the width of the friction surface of the internal friction ring being identical to the width of the gaps within the helix. From another patent document CS219468 an electromotive switch is known with a contact switch of the setting and control circuits, with the switching system of the contact switch consisting of linearly arranged pairs formed by a fixed contact bracket attached to the contact plate and a movable contact bracket mounted in the axial bearings of the contact plate. It is clear from the known technologies above that the biggest problem of current technology is that there is no simple and safe design solution that would enable easy, fast and safe adjustment of a railway switch at the moment when there is a failure of electrical energy for driving the electromotive switchgear. The aim of the invention is the design of a railway switchgear device, which would have a simple design and which would enable safe and fast adjustment of a railway switch at the moment when there is a failure of electrical energy for driving the electromotive switchgear. Principle of the Invention The above-mentioned shortcomings are largely eliminated and the objectives of the invention are fulfilled by a railway switchgear device, specifically a device for manual two-stage control of a switchgear when manually adjusting a railway switch during emergency adjustment and when returning