EP-4742445-A1 - ANTENNA AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE

EP4742445A1EP 4742445 A1EP4742445 A1EP 4742445A1EP-4742445-A1

Abstract

This application provides an antenna and a communication device, and relates to the field of communication technologies, to resolve a problem of high antenna manufacturing costs. The antenna provided in this application includes a radiation assembly, a coupling structure, and a balun structure. The radiation assembly includes first radiators, and the first radiators have feeding parts. The coupling structure has coupling parts, and the coupling parts are coupled to the feeding parts in one-to-one correspondence. The balun structure has feed lines, and the feed lines are connected to the coupling parts in one-to-one correspondence. There is a spacing between the coupling part and the feeding part, an area of overlapping between the coupling part and the feeding part is greater than or equal to 0.025λ*0.025λ, and the spacing between the coupling part and the feeding part is less than or equal to 1 mm. λ is a wavelength of an electromagnetic wave of a lowest operating frequency of the first radiator when the electromagnetic wave is propagated in space. In the antenna provided in this application, the coupling structure is disposed, so that a feeding connection can be implemented between the balun structure and the first radiator in the radiation assembly, thereby helping reduce costs of the first radiator and effectively ensuring performance of the antenna.

Inventors

XUE, Chengdai
ZHOU, MING
FU, JICHENG
ZHOU, Jiongsai
REN, Chao

Assignees

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Dates

Publication Date: 20260513
Application Date: 20240613

Claims (13)

An antenna, comprising: a radiation assembly, comprising a plurality of first radiators, wherein each first radiator has a feeding part; a coupling structure, having a plurality of coupling parts, wherein the plurality of coupling parts are coupled to the plurality of feeding parts in one-to-one correspondence; and a balun structure, having a plurality of feed lines, wherein the plurality of feed lines are connected to the plurality of coupling parts in one-to-one correspondence, wherein in the coupling part and the feeding part that are correspondingly coupled, there is a spacing between the coupling part and the feeding part, an area of overlapping between the coupling part and the feeding part is greater than or equal to 0.025λ*0.025λ, and the spacing between the coupling part and the feeding part is less than or equal to 1 mm; and λ is a wavelength of an electromagnetic wave of a lowest operating frequency of the first radiator when the electromagnetic wave is propagated in space.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the coupling structure comprises a first substrate, and the first substrate has a first plate surface and a second plate surface that are disposed opposite to each other; and the first plate surface has a plurality of conductive plates, and each conductive plate forms the coupling part.
The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the second plate surface is attached to the feeding part, and a thickness of the first substrate is less than or equal to 1 mm.
The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the antenna further comprises an insulating spacer, and a thickness of the insulating spacer is less than or equal to 1 mm; and the first plate surface is disposed facing the feeding part, and the insulating spacer is attached between the feeding part and the coupling part.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of first radiators comprise a first polarization radiator and a second polarization radiator that are adjacently disposed; the first polarization radiator has a coupling stub extending along an edge of the second polarization radiator, a spacing between the coupling stub and the second polarization radiator is less than or equal to 2 mm, and a length of the coupling stub is greater than or equal to 0.02λ and less than or equal to 0.1λ; and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the lowest operating frequency of the radiator when the electromagnetic wave is propagated in space.
The antenna according to claim 5, wherein the balun structure comprises a second substrate; the second substrate has a third plate surface and a fourth plate surface that are opposite to each other, and the third plate surface has a first polarization feed line and a second polarization feed line that are disposed in parallel; the fourth plate surface has a first polarization ground plate and a second polarization ground plate, and there is a spacing between the first polarization ground plate and the second polarization ground plate; and a length of the spacing is greater than or equal to 0.125λ and less than or equal to 0.25λ, a width of the spacing is greater than or equal to 0.01λ and less than or equal to 0.1λ, and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the lowest operating frequency of the first radiator when the electromagnetic wave is propagated in space; and the coupling structure has four coupling parts, and one end of the first polarization feed line, one end of the second polarization feed line, one end of the first polarization ground plate, and one end of the second polarization ground plate are respectively connected to the four coupling parts.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the antenna further comprises a second radiator, the first radiator is located in a radiation direction of the second radiator, and an operating frequency band of the second radiator is greater than an operating frequency band of the first radiator.
The antenna according to claim 7, wherein the first radiator comprises a base frame and a first open-circuit stub, the first open-circuit stub has a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the base frame, the second end extends to the inside of the base frame, and the first open-circuit stub has a gradient structure between the first end and the second end.
The antenna according to claim 8, wherein a shape of the gradient structure is a triangle, a diamond, an ellipse, or a semi-ellipse.
The antenna according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the first radiator further comprises a second open-circuit stub, a length of the second open-circuit stub is 1/8λ', and λ' is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the second radiator.
The antenna according to claim 10, wherein the first radiator comprises a plurality of second open-circuit stubs, and a distance between two adjacent second open-circuit stubs is less than or equal to 0.2λ'.
The antenna according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the second open-circuit stub is straight-line-shaped, broken-line-shaped, or cross-shaped.
A communication device, comprising a radio frequency processing unit and the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the radio frequency processing unit is connected to a feed network in the antenna.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310957575.1, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on July 31, 2023 and entitled "ANTENNA AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE", which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna and a communication device. BACKGROUND With rapid development of wireless communication technologies, a requirement for a capacity of an antenna system in the industry is also increasing. To increase a data transmission rate and a channel capacity of the antenna system, a multiple-input multiple-output (multiple input multiple output, MIMO) technology is developed. Briefly, MIMO means that a plurality of radiators are used at both a transmitting end and a receiving end, so that a plurality of channels are formed between the transmitting end and the receiving end. However, as a quantity of radiators increases, manufacturing costs of an antenna is also significantly increased. For example, all current radiators are manufactured by using sheet metal. In addition, to ensure performance of the antenna, the radiators are all electrically connected to a feed network in a direct feeding manner. To ensure effect of an electrical connection between the radiator and the feed network, electroplating processing is usually performed on a surface of the radiator, to improve conductivity of the radiator. However, electroplating processing increases manufacturing costs of the antenna, and is not conducive to energy saving and emission reduction. Therefore, how to reduce manufacturing costs while ensuring performance of the antenna becomes a technical problem to be urgently resolved. SUMMARY This application provides an antenna that has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has good signal transmission performance, and a communication device. According to a first aspect, this application provides an antenna, including a radiation assembly, a coupling structure, and a balun structure. The radiation assembly includes a plurality of first radiators, and each first radiator has a feeding part. The coupling structure has a plurality of coupling parts, and the plurality of coupling parts are coupled to the plurality of feeding parts in one-to-one correspondence. The balun structure has a plurality of feed lines, and the plurality of feed lines are connected to the plurality of coupling parts in one-to-one correspondence. In the coupling part and the feeding part that are correspondingly coupled, there is a spacing between the coupling part and the feeding part, an area of overlapping between the coupling part and the feeding part is greater than or equal to 0.025λ*0.025λ, and the spacing between the coupling part and the feeding part is less than or equal to 1 mm. λ is a wavelength of an electromagnetic wave of a lowest operating frequency of the first radiator when the electromagnetic wave is propagated in space. In the antenna provided in this embodiment of this application, the coupling structure is disposed, so that a feeding connection between the balun structure and the first radiator in the radiation assembly can be implemented. In other words, the coupling structure is conductively connected to the balun structure, and the coupling structure is coupled to the first radiator to implement a feeding connection. When the coupling structure and the first radiator are disposed in a coupled feeding manner, a requirement for conductivity of a surface of the first radiator is low, thereby helping reduce material use costs and manufacturing costs of the first radiator. In addition, when the area of overlapping between the coupling part and the feeding part is greater than or equal to 0.025λ*0.025λ, and the spacing between the coupling part and the feeding part is less than or equal to 1 mm, effect of coupling between the first radiator and the coupling structure can be effectively ensured, thereby ensuring performance of the antenna. In an example, the coupling structure may include a first substrate, and the first substrate has a first plate surface and a second plate surface that are disposed opposite to each other. The first plate surface has a plurality of conductive plates, and each conductive plate forms the coupling part. During manufacturing, the coupling structure may be manufactured by using a process of manufacturing a printed circuit board, a flexible circuit board, or the like, and has advantages such as ease of manufacturing and low costs. During specific disposition, the second plate surface is attached to the feeding part, and a thickness of the first substrate is less than or equal to 1 mm. Between the coupling part and the feeding part that are correspondingly coupled, the spacing between the coupling part and the feeding part may be effectively controlled by using the thickness o