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EP-4742446-A1 - ANTENNA OSCILLATOR, ANTENNA, AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE

EP4742446A1EP 4742446 A1EP4742446 A1EP 4742446A1EP-4742446-A1

Abstract

Embodiments of this application provide an antenna element, an antenna, and a communication device. The antenna element includes four radiators and four feed structures. The feed structure is connected to the radiator, and is configured to feed the radiator. The radiator includes a first transmission line, a first radiation arm, a second radiation arm, and a second transmission line that are sequentially connected, where the first transmission line and the second transmission line are respectively connected to the feed structures. The four radiators are respectively a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator, and a fourth radiator, where the first radiator and the second radiator radiate signals in a first polarization direction, and the third radiator and the fourth radiator radiate signals in a second polarization direction, to form a dual-polarized antenna element. The feed structure is a one-to-two feed structure, and two radiators are connected in parallel and connected to a same feed structure. This solution can reduce an aperture of the antenna and improve a gain of the antenna. In addition, the radiator has two current distribution manners, and a bandwidth is wide.

Inventors

  • Pan, Lijun
  • DENG, Wenhui
  • XIAO, WEIHONG
  • XUE, Xiaogang
  • LI, JIANRONG

Assignees

  • Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20240730

Claims (14)

  1. An antenna element, comprising four radiators and four feed structures, wherein the feed structure is connected to the radiator and is configured to feed the radiator; the radiator comprises a first transmission line, a first radiation arm, a second radiation arm, and a second transmission line that are sequentially connected, and the first transmission line and the second transmission line are respectively connected to the feed network; the four radiators are respectively a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator, and a fourth radiator, wherein the first radiator and the second radiator radiate signals in a first polarization direction, the third radiator and the fourth radiator radiate signals in a second polarization direction, and the first polarization direction intersects with the second polarization direction; and the feed structure is a one-to-two feed structure, the feed structures comprise a first feed structure, a second feed structure, a third feed structure, and a fourth feed structure, wherein the first transmission line of the first radiator and the first transmission line of the second radiator are connected in parallel and connected to the first feed structure, the second transmission line of the first radiator and the second transmission line of the second radiator are connected in parallel and connected to the second feed structure, the first transmission line of the third radiator and the first transmission line of the fourth radiator are connected in parallel and connected to the third feed structure, and the second transmission line of the third radiator and the second transmission line of the fourth radiator are connected in parallel and connected to the fourth feed structure.
  2. The antenna element according to claim 1, wherein a length of the first transmission line of the first radiator is not equal to a length of the first transmission line of the second radiator, and a length of the first transmission line of the third radiator is not equal to a length of the first transmission line of the fourth radiator.
  3. The antenna element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first polarization direction is perpendicular to the second polarization direction.
  4. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first transmission line of the radiator is perpendicular to the first radiation arm, the first radiation arm is perpendicular to the second radiation arm, and the second radiation arm is perpendicular to the second transmission line.
  5. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the feed structure comprises a feeder, the first transmission line comprises a first connection part and a second connection part connected to each other, the second connection part is connected to the feeder, and a cross-sectional area of the second connection part is different from a cross-sectional area of the feeder; and the second transmission line comprises a third connection part and a fourth connection part connected to each other, the fourth connection part is connected to the feeder, and a cross-sectional area of the fourth connection part is different from a cross-sectional area of the feeder.
  6. The antenna element according to claim 5, wherein the cross-sectional area of the second connection part is different from a cross-sectional area of the first connection part, and the cross-sectional area of the fourth connection part is different from a cross-sectional area of the third connection part.
  7. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a cross-sectional area of the first radiation arm is different from a cross-sectional area of the second radiation arm.
  8. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the first transmission line, and the second transmission line of the radiator each are connected to a stub.
  9. The antenna element according to claim 8, wherein the stubs comprise at least one of an L-shaped stub, a cross-shaped stub, or a ±-shaped stub.
  10. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein an additional stub is disposed inside the radiator, the additional stubs of the first radiator and the second radiator are symmetric in the first direction, and the additional stubs of the third radiator and the fourth radiator are symmetric in the second direction.
  11. The antenna element according to claim 10, wherein the additional stub is a symmetric stub.
  12. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the feed structure and the antenna element are formed on a same dielectric plate.
  13. An antenna, comprising a feed network and a plurality of antenna elements according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the feed structure is connected to the feed network.
  14. A communication device, comprising the antenna according to claim 13, and further comprising a mounting bracket and a radio frequency apparatus, wherein the antenna is mounted on the mounting bracket, and the feed network of the antenna is electrically connected to the radio frequency apparatus.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310961619.8, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on July 31, 2023 and entitled "ANTENNA ELEMENT, ANTENNA, AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE", which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna element, an antenna, and a communication device. BACKGROUND With development of wireless communication technologies, signals transmitted by a communication system are increasingly diverse, leading to more complex requirements for a base station antenna. The base station antenna generally includes an antenna element and a feed network, and the feed network is configured to feed the antenna element. A structure of the base station antenna is increasingly complex, and antenna integration of a single antenna installation platform is increasingly high. To improve base station antenna integration, a requirement for miniaturization of the base station antenna is increasingly urgent, especially for an aperture size of the antenna. To improve antenna integration, the aperture of the antenna needs to be reduced. However, reduction of the aperture of the antenna is likely to cause a problem of a reduced gain of the antenna. SUMMARY Embodiments of this application provide an antenna element, an antenna, and a communication device. The antenna has a high gain, a small aperture, and a wide bandwidth. According to a first aspect, this application provides an antenna element. The antenna element includes four radiators and four feed structures. The feed structure is connected to the radiator, and the feed structure is configured to connect to a feed network, so that the feed structure is configured to feed the radiator. The radiator includes a first transmission line, a first radiation arm, a second radiation arm, and a second transmission line that are sequentially connected, where the first transmission line and the second transmission line are respectively connected to the feed structures. The four lines of the radiator may specifically form a quadrilateral with an opening, and the opening is located between the first transmission line and the second transmission line. A structure of the radiator in this solution is simple. For ease of description, it is considered that the four radiators are respectively a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator, and a fourth radiator. The first radiator and the second radiator radiate signals in a first polarization direction, and the third radiator and the fourth radiator radiate signals in a second polarization direction, to form a dual-polarized antenna element. Specifically, the first polarization direction intersects with the second polarization direction. The feed structure is a one-to-two feed structure. Specifically, the feed structure may include a power splitter, to form the one-to-two feed structure. One feed structure is connected to transmission lines that are respectively connected to two radiators. For ease of description, it is considered that the feed structure includes a first feed structure, a second feed structure, a third feed structure, and a fourth feed structure. Specifically, when the radiators are connected to the feed structures, the first transmission line of the first radiator and the first transmission line of the second radiator are connected in parallel and connected to the first feed structure, the second transmission line of the first radiator and the second transmission line of the second radiator are connected in parallel and connected to the second feed structure, the first transmission line of the third radiator and the first transmission line of the fourth radiator are connected in parallel and connected to the third feed structure, and the second transmission line of the third radiator and the second transmission line of the fourth radiator are connected in parallel and connected to the fourth feed structure. In this solution, the antenna element is a dual-polarized antenna element, and a structure of the feed structure is simple. One feed structure is used to feed two radiators. This helps further reduce an aperture of the antenna and improve a gain of the antenna. It may be understood that, in a case of a same gain, the aperture of the antenna is smaller; and in a case of a same aperture, the gain of the antenna in embodiments provided in this application is larger. In addition, the radiator in the technical solution of this application is fed from the first transmission line and the second transmission line that are located at two ends, to form an end-fed dipole. In addition to being used to connect to the feed structure and feed the radiator, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are also used as radiation arms to radiate signals. When the antenna operates in diffe