EP-4742447-A1 - ANTENNA ELEMENT, ANTENNA AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE

EP4742447A1EP 4742447 A1EP4742447 A1EP 4742447A1EP-4742447-A1

Abstract

This application discloses an antenna element, an antenna, and a communication device, and relates to the field of communication technologies. The antenna element includes a radiation arm, a feed line, and a decoupling stub. The radiation arm is connected to the feed line. The decoupling stub includes a first stub and a second stub, the first stub is parallel to the feed line, and an end that is of the first stub and that is close to the radiation arm is connected to the feed line, so that currents on the first stub and the feed line are at least partially offset. The second stub is located on a side that is of the first stub and that is away from the radiation arm, the second stub is connected to the first stub, the second stub extends from the first stub to a side that is away from the feed line, and the second stub is perpendicular to the feed line, so that a gain-drop point of another antenna element that generates a common-mode induced current on the antenna element can be moved outside an operating frequency band. In the antenna provided in this application, the feed line and the decoupling stub of the antenna element are connected, so that a directivity pattern parameter of another antenna element that generates a common-mode induced current on the antenna element can be improved.

Inventors

DU, Zijing
SHU, JUN
DAOJIAN, Dingjiu
YAO, JIE
ZHOU, Jiongsai

Assignees

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Dates

Publication Date: 20260513
Application Date: 20240718

Claims (20)

An antenna element, comprising a radiation arm, a feed line, and a decoupling stub, wherein the radiation arm is connected to the feed line; and the decoupling stub comprises a first stub and a second stub, the first stub is parallel to the feed line, and an end that is of the first stub and that is close to the radiation arm is connected to the feed line; and the second stub is located on a side that is of the first stub and that is away from the radiation arm, the second stub is connected to the first stub, the second stub extends from the first stub to a side that is away from the feed line, and the second stub is perpendicular to the feed line.
The antenna element according to claim 1, wherein a length of the first stub is 0.125 to 0.25 times a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency of the antenna element.
The antenna element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a length of the second stub is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna element.
The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a sum of the length of the first stub and the length of the second stub is 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna element.
The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the length of the first stub is less than or equal to a length of the feed line.
The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the end that is of the first stub and that is close to the radiation arm is connected to an end that is of the feed line and that is connected to the radiation arm.
The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the feed line comprises a first electrode line and a second electrode line, the first electrode line and the second electrode line are disposed in parallel, and the end that is of the first stub and that is close to the radiation arm is connected to at least one of the first electrode line and the second electrode line.
The antenna element according to claim 7, wherein the end that is of the first stub and that is close to the radiation arm is connected to the first electrode line; and the decoupling stub and the first electrode line are disposed on a same plane, or a plane on which the decoupling stub is located is perpendicular to and intersects a plane on which the first electrode line is located.
The antenna element according to claim 7, wherein the end that is of the first stub and that is close to the radiation arm is connected to the second electrode line; and the decoupling stub and the second electrode line are disposed on a same plane, or a plane on which the decoupling stub is located is perpendicular to and intersects a plane on which the second electrode line is located.
The antenna element according to claim 7, wherein the antenna element comprises two decoupling stubs, an end that is of the first stub of one decoupling stub and that is close to the radiation arm is connected to the first electrode line, and an end that is of the first stub of the other decoupling stub and that is close to the radiation arm is connected to the second electrode.
The antenna element according to claim 10, wherein the one decoupling stub and the first electrode line are disposed on a same plane; or a plane on which the one decoupling stub is located is perpendicular to and intersects a plane on which the first electrode line is located.
The antenna element according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the other decoupling stub and the second electrode line are disposed on a same plane; or a plane on which the other decoupling stub is located is perpendicular to and intersects a plane on which the second electrode line is located.
The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the antenna element comprises two dielectric substrates, and the two dielectric substrates are perpendicular and intersect; and the feed line is a microstrip structure, both the dielectric substrates are provided with feed lines, a first electrode and a second electrode of each feed line are respectively disposed on two surfaces of a corresponding dielectric substrate, and the feed line of each dielectric substrate is connected to a first stub of a corresponding decoupling stub.
The antenna element according to claim 13, wherein the radiation arm comprises a first radiation arm, a second radiation arm, a third radiation arm, and a fourth radiation arm, the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are disposed on one dielectric substrate, and the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are disposed on the other dielectric substrate; and the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm, and the fourth radiation arm are disposed on a same radiation surface, and the end that is of the first stub and that is close to the radiation arm is located on the radiation surface.
An antenna, comprising a reflection plate and the antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the antenna element is disposed on a surface of one side of the reflection plate, and the first stub is perpendicular to the reflection plate.
An antenna, wherein the antenna comprises a reflection plate and an antenna element, the antenna element is disposed on a surface of one side of the reflection plate, and the antenna element comprises a feed line and a decoupling stub; and the decoupling stub comprises a first stub and a second stub, the first stub is perpendicular to the reflection plate, and an end that is of the first stub and that is away from the reflection plate is connected to the feed line; and the second stub is located on a side that is of the first stub and that is close to the reflection plate, the second stub is connected to the first stub, the second stub extends from the first stub to a side that is away from the feed line, and the second stub is parallel to the reflection plate.
The antenna according to claim 16, wherein the antenna element comprises at least one low-frequency antenna element and at least one high-frequency antenna element, and the feed line is configured to feed the high-frequency antenna element.
The antenna according to claim 17, wherein a length of the first stub is 0.125 to 0.25 times a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna element.
The antenna according to claim 17 or 18, wherein a length of the second stub is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna element.
The antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein a sum of the length of the first stub and the length of the second stub is 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna element.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310947784.8, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on July 31, 2023 and entitled "ANTENNA ELEMENT, ANTENNA, AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE", which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna element, an antenna, and a communication device. BACKGROUND In a communication device such as a base station, both a high-frequency antenna element and a low-frequency antenna element are usually configured. The high-frequency antenna element has a large signal transmission capacity, and the low-frequency antenna element has a strong a signal anti-attenuation capability. To reduce a size of the communication device, the high-frequency antenna element and the low-frequency antenna element may be configured in a same antenna array plane to form a multi-band antenna. In the multi-band antenna, a spacing between the high-frequency antenna element and the low-frequency antenna element is usually small. Therefore, when an electromagnetic wave radiated by the low-frequency antenna element is coupled to the high-frequency antenna element, common-mode resonance is generated on the high-frequency antenna element, so that a low-frequency induced current is excited on a radiating part and a reflection ground of the high-frequency antenna element, and the induced current further stimulates a low-frequency electromagnetic wave. The low-frequency electromagnetic wave is superimposed with an electromagnetic wave directly radiated by the low-frequency antenna element, causing deterioration of directivity pattern parameters such as gain stability and a polarization suppression ratio of the low-frequency antenna element. SUMMARY This application provides an antenna element, an antenna, and a communication device, to improve a directivity pattern parameter of the antenna element. According to a first aspect, this application provides an antenna element. The antenna element includes a radiation arm, a feed line, and a decoupling stub. The radiation arm is connected to the feed line. The decoupling stub includes a first stub and a second stub, the first stub is parallel to the feed line, and an end that is of the first stub and that is close to the radiation arm is connected to the feed line. The second stub is located on a side that is of the first stub and that is away from the radiation arm, the second stub is connected to the first stub, the second stub extends from the first stub to a side that is away from the feed line, and the second stub is perpendicular to the feed line. In an antenna provided in this application, the feed line and the decoupling stub of the antenna element are connected, so that currents on the first stub and the feed line can be at least partially offset, thereby reducing interference of the antenna element to another antenna element that generates a common-mode induced current on the antenna element. In addition, because the second stub extends toward the side that is away from the feed line, a gain-drop point of another antenna element that generates a common-mode induced current on the antenna element may be moved outside an operating frequency band, so that radiation of the antenna element on which the decoupling stub is disposed is not affected when directivity pattern parameters such as a polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of the another antenna element are effectively improved. In a possible implementation of this application, when the decoupling stub is specifically disposed, a length of the first stub is 0.125 to 0.25 times a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency of the antenna element. The length of the first stub is set to the foregoing range, so that currents on the first stub and an electrode line of the feed line can be at least partially offset, thereby greatly reducing interference of the antenna element to another antenna element that generates a common-mode induced current on the antenna element. In addition, a length of the second stub is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna element. This can make a gain-drop resonance point of another antenna element that generates a common-mode induced current on the antenna element outside an operating frequency band, so that interference of the antenna element to the another antenna element is reduced, thereby improving directivity pattern parameters such as a polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of the another antenna element. Based on the foregoing descriptions of the lengths of the first stub and the second stub of the decoupling stub, a sum of the length of the first stub and the length of the second stub is 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna element,