EP-4742490-A1 - CHARGING PROTOCOL GENERATION DEVICE AND METHOD

EP4742490A1EP 4742490 A1EP4742490 A1EP 4742490A1EP-4742490-A1

Abstract

A charging protocol generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a protocol obtaining unit configured to obtain a charging protocol representing a corresponding relationship between a charging c-rate and a charging limit SOC of a battery; a profile obtaining unit configured to obtain a resistance profile based on a reference profile representing a corresponding relationship between SOC and resistance of the battery in a charging process according to the charging c-rate and a criterion profile corresponding to a preset criterion c-rate; and a control unit configured to correct the charging protocol by changing the charging c-rate of the charging protocol based on the resistance profile.

Inventors

WHANG, Tae-Kyung
PARK, TAE-SOON
LEE, JI-EUN

Assignees

LG Energy Solution, Ltd.

Dates

Publication Date: 20260513
Application Date: 20250321

Claims (14)

A charging protocol generating apparatus, comprising: a protocol obtaining unit configured to obtain a charging protocol representing a corresponding relationship between a charging c-rate and a charging limit SOC of a battery; a profile obtaining unit configured to obtain a resistance profile based on a reference profile representing a corresponding relationship between SOC and resistance of the battery in a charging process according to the charging c-rate and a criterion profile corresponding to a preset criterion c-rate; and a control unit configured to correct the charging protocol by changing the charging c-rate of the charging protocol based on the resistance profile.
The charging protocol generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to determine a target SOC section in the resistance profile and change a target c-rate corresponding to the target SOC section in the charging protocol.
The charging protocol generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the control unit is configured to reduce the target c-rate.
The charging protocol generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the control unit is configured to detect at least one peak in the resistance profile and determine the target SOC section based on the detected peak.
The charging protocol generating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the control unit is configured to determine a target peak having a smallest corresponding SOC among the at least one peak and determine a SOC section including a target SOC of the target peak as the target SOC section.
The charging protocol generating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the control unit is configured to determine a SOC section within a predetermined range from the target SOC as the target SOC section.
The charging protocol generating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein when there are a plurality of charging c-rates, the control unit is configured to determine the target SOC section based on one of a plurality of resistance profiles corresponding to the plurality of charging c-rates.
The charging protocol generating apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the control unit is configured to determine the target SOC section in a resistance profile having a largest corresponding charging c-rate among the plurality of resistance profiles.
The charging protocol generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the charging process is configured to alternately repeat a charging mode and a rest mode, and wherein the reference profile is configured to represent a corresponding relationship between a resistance calculated based on a voltage change amount during each rest mode and a SOC corresponding to each rest mode.
The charging protocol generating apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the charging protocol is configured to set a corresponding charging limit SOC for each charging c-rate based on a change pattern of the resistance according to an increase in SOC of the reference profile.
The charging protocol generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the resistance profile is configured to represent a difference between a resistance for each SOC of the reference profile and a resistance for each SOC of the criterion profile.
A server, comprising the charging protocol generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
A battery management device configured to receive a corrected charging protocol from the charging protocol generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and to control charging of a charging target battery based on the corrected charging protocol.
A charging protocol generating method, comprising: a protocol obtaining step of obtaining a charging protocol representing a corresponding relationship between a SOC of a battery and a charging c-rate; a profile obtaining step of obtaining a resistance profile based on a reference profile representing a corresponding relationship between the SOC and a resistance of the battery in a charging process according to the charging c-rate and a criterion profile corresponding to a preset criterion c-rate; and a protocol correcting step of correcting the charging protocol by changing the charging c-rate of the charging protocol based on the resistance profile.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to a charging protocol generating apparatus and method. This application is based on and claims priority from Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0069604, filed on May 28, 2024, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference. BACKGROUND ART Recently, the demand for portable electronic products such as notebook computers, video cameras and portable telephones has increased sharply, and electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, satellites and the like have been developed in earnest. Accordingly, high-performance batteries allowing repeated charging and discharging are being actively studied. Batteries commercially available at present include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium batteries and the like. Among them, the lithium batteries are in the limelight since they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries and also have very low self-charging rate and high energy density. As electric vehicles, electric motorcycles, and electric bicycles, etc., are commercialized, the demand for high-capacity and high-performance batteries is increasing. However, as the capacity of the battery increases, the time required to charge the battery also increases, which is a disadvantage. To solve this problem, a technology for rapidly charging batteries is being developed, but there is a concern that rapid charging may accelerate battery deterioration. Therefore, in order to prevent battery deterioration due to rapid charging, a rapid charging protocol that may efficiently charge the battery is required. In particular, it is necessary to prevent the phenomenon of lithium metal being deposited on the surface of the negative electrode (lithium plating). If lithium is deposited on the surface of the negative electrode, it causes side reactions with the electrolyte and changes in the kinetic balance of the battery, which may cause battery deterioration. In addition, since an internal short circuit may occur in the battery as lithium metal is deposited on the surface of the negative electrode, there is a risk of ignition and explosion due to the internal short circuit. In addition, it is necessary to prevent the phenomenon of the positive electrode structure collapsing due to overvoltage formation during rapid charging. For example, in the case of a manganese-rich battery, manganese element eluted due to the structural collapse of the positive electrode during rapid charging may be detected on the surface of the negative electrode. This has a negative effect on the capacity retention rate of the battery. Therefore, a rapid charging protocol is required that may prevent a decrease in the capacity retention rate of the battery by avoiding the phenomenon of lithium metal precipitation on the negative electrode surface and collapse of the positive electrode structure. DISCLOSURE Technical Problem The present disclosure is designed to solve the problems of the related art, and therefore the present disclosure is directed to providing a charging protocol generating apparatus and method that generates a charging protocol capable of preventing a decrease in the capacity retention rate of a battery. These and other objects and advantages of the present disclosure may be understood from the following detailed description and will become more fully apparent from the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Also, it will be easily understood that the objects and advantages of the present disclosure may be realized by the means shown in the appended claims and combinations thereof. Technical Solution A charging protocol generating apparatus according to one aspect of the present disclosure may comprise a protocol obtaining unit configured to obtain a charging protocol representing a corresponding relationship between a charging c-rate and a charging limit SOC of a battery; a profile obtaining unit configured to obtain a resistance profile based on a reference profile representing a corresponding relationship between SOC and resistance of the battery in a charging process according to the charging c-rate and a criterion profile corresponding to a preset criterion c-rate; and a control unit configured to correct the charging protocol by changing the charging c-rate of the charging protocol based on the resistance profile. The control unit may be configured to determine a target SOC section in the resistance profile and change a target c-rate corresponding to the target SOC section in the charging protocol. The control unit may be configured to reduce the target c-rate. The control unit may be configured to detect at least one peak in the resistance profile and determine the target SOC section based on the detected peak. The control unit may be configured to determine a target peak having a smallest corresponding SOC among the at least one p