JP-2022516028-A5 -

Dates

Publication Date

20221227

Application Date

20191218

Description

In the context of the present invention, an article of the present invention is preferred in which the local maximum width (5) below the contact surface (1) is ≥ 0.5 μm. Any specific structure is suitable for a variety of applications. Articles of the present invention are equally preferred, wherein the channel has an aspect ratio of the channel length to the local maximum width (5) measured perpendicular to the longitudinal channel axis, which is ≤ 1:3, preferably ≤ 1:10, more preferably ≤ 1:100, and/or the channel has a length of ≥ 3 μm, preferably ≥ 100 μm, more preferably ≥ 500 μm, and in each case the channel length is measured parallel to the surface of the article. Similarly, according to the present invention, an article of the present invention is preferred in which, when measured perpendicular to the contact surface (5), the channel has a depth (3) in the range of 0.1 μm to 10,000 μm, preferably 0.2 μm to 1,000 μm, and more preferably 0.5 μm to 500 μm. Similarly, according to the present invention, an article of the present invention is preferred in which the channel opening has a width of 0.05 μm to 2000 μm when measured at the contact surface (5) perpendicular to the longitudinal channel axis. All of these structural components can be suitably and reproducibly first fabricated by the methods of the present invention described further below. These components then provide a number of properties that enable the use of the channel or article of the present invention in a manner particularly suitable for the field of use, similarly described further below. An article of the present invention having a first heat-affected zone in the opening region of the channel having a smaller average statistical particle size relative to the metal substrate in a ratio of at least 1:2, more preferably at least 1:10, and a second heat-affected zone in the region of the lowest point of the channel cross-section having a thickness in the range of 0.1 μm to 3000 μm, preferably 0.2 μm to 1000 μm, more preferably 0.5 μm to 500 μm, wherein the article of the present invention is preferred in which the second heat-affected zone perpendicular to the lowest point of the channel cross-section has a smaller average statistical particle size relative to the metal substrate, preferably ≤1:1.2, more preferably ≤1:5, and a larger average statistical particle size relative to the first heat-affected zone, preferably ≥2:1.2. In the case of laser processing of alloys, the first heat-affected zone may be characterized by a martensitic microstructure formed by rapid solidification after melting. For example, in the case of Ti6Al4V for forming a martensitic microstructure, the solidification rate must be at least 640°C/second. Therefore, in the article of the present invention, it is preferable that a martensitic microstructure is observed in the first heat-affected zone. Such configurations of the heat-affected zone first indicate that the method of the present invention is used to produce the article of the present invention. Secondly, the corresponding heat-affected zones result in a variety of possible configurations. For example, the coating of a channel can be composed of a region of the first heat-affected zone. Furthermore, the heat-affected zones particularly preferred by the present invention are particularly well suited for controlling the surface properties of the channel surface by subsequent processing. The metal substrate of the article of the present invention is preferably selected from the group consisting of titanium, aluminum, vanadium, magnesium, copper, silver, lead, gold, alloys thereof with each other or with further metals, and steel. These materials can be particularly effectively provided with channel structures suitable for the method of the present invention (see below). These materials are also particularly suitable for a number of other end uses. In the method of the present invention, it is even more preferable that the energy distribution at the laser spot has a Gaussian profile, or a flat-top profile or a top-hot profile. The process regimes, any individual or any combination thereof, and all such details of all combinations of these modifications have the effect that the articles of the present invention can be manufactured with particular reliability and in particular good shape. According to the present invention, in step b), a CW or QCW laser is irradiated onto a metal substrate, wherein the local residence time of the laser pulse in the surface region corresponding to the spot size is in the range of at least 5 ns, preferably at least 25 ns, more preferably 40 ns to 2 ms, and more preferably 50 ns to 500 ns. In the context of the present invention, it is preferable to move the laser after step b) in the method of the present invention so that, by repeating step b), the collectively generated pores become channels that are fully or partially open to the surface . In this way, the locations of two adj