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JP-2026074821-A - Gas processing system

JP2026074821AJP 2026074821 AJP2026074821 AJP 2026074821AJP-2026074821-A

Abstract

[Problem] To enable the removal of water vapor with a simple configuration. [Solution] A gas treatment system according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises: a carbon dioxide separation device having a separation membrane that has the function of separating carbon dioxide from a gas containing carbon dioxide; a negative pressure generating device that generates negative pressure in a passage communicating from a downstream chamber of the separation membrane; and a water separation device provided on the passage that separates water from the gas containing carbon dioxide that has passed through the separation membrane using the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure generating device, and outputs the water and the gas containing carbon dioxide separately. [Selection Diagram] Figure 1

Inventors

  • 福村 琢

Assignees

  • 富士電機株式会社

Dates

Publication Date
20260507
Application Date
20241021

Claims (11)

  1. A separation apparatus having a separation membrane that has the function of separating carbon dioxide from a gas containing carbon dioxide, A negative pressure generating device that generates negative pressure in a flow path communicating from the downstream chamber of the separation membrane, A water separation device provided on the aforementioned flow path, which uses the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure generator to separate water from the carbon dioxide-containing permeate gas that has passed through the separation membrane, and outputs the water and the permeate gas from which the water has been separated separately. A gas processing system equipped with the following features.
  2. The negative pressure generating device takes in the permeate gas that has adiabatically expanded due to the negative pressure from the downstream chamber via the water separation device, adiabatically compresses it, and then discharges it to the water separation device. The water separation device has a heat exchanger structure that cools and condenses the water vapor contained in the permeate discharged from the negative pressure generator by exchanging heat between the permeate gas, which has adiabatically expanded due to the negative pressure of the negative pressure generator flowing from the downstream chamber, and the permeate gas, which has been adiabatically compressed and discharged from the negative pressure generator. The gas treatment system according to claim 1.
  3. The flow path through which the permeate gas flows from the downstream chamber to the water separator is provided so as to be able to transfer heat from the adiabatically compressed permeate gas discharged from the negative pressure generator via the heat exchanger structure. The gas treatment system according to claim 2.
  4. A reheating device is provided that, by heat exchange between the permeate gas from which the water has been separated and the unpermeated flow gas that did not pass through the separation membrane, the temperature of the permeate gas from which the water has been separated is increased compared to the temperature before the heat exchange. The gas processing system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
  5. A control device is provided that adjusts the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure generator based on the water vapor concentration of the permeate gas from which the water has been separated by the water separation device, obtained from the detection results of the detection unit. The gas processing system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
  6. The outlet for discharging the permeate gas to the water separator, which is provided in the downstream chamber of the separator, is located at a higher position than the inlet for which the permeate gas flows in from the downstream chamber, which is provided in the water separator. The water separation device further includes a flow path that allows the water separated by the water separation device to flow out from an outlet provided in the water separation device to a liquid recovery port provided below the outlet. The gas treatment system according to claim 1 or 2.
  7. A bypass channel connecting a first channel through which the permeate gas flows from the water separator to the negative pressure generator, and a second channel through which the permeate gas is discharged from the negative pressure generator to the water separator, A control valve with an adjustable opening is provided in the bypass channel for returning the permeate gas from the second channel back to the first channel, A control device that adjusts the opening degree of the control valve based on the water vapor concentration of the permeate gas from which the water has been separated by the water separation device, obtained from the detection results of the detection unit, The gas treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
  8. Before the start of gas processing by the gas processing system, the negative pressure generating device is operated so that the water vapor concentration in the gas present in the gas processing system is below a predetermined concentration. The gas treatment system according to claim 1 or 2.
  9. A suction channel connecting the vacuum insulation layer provided on the outer periphery of the water separation device and the negative pressure generating device, A gate valve is provided in the suction channel and is capable of opening and closing the gap between the negative pressure generating device and the vacuum insulation layer, A control device that, before the start of gas processing by the gas processing system, opens the gate valve and operates the negative pressure generating device to increase the degree of vacuum in the vacuum insulation layer, and then closes the gate valve. The gas treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
  10. The water separation device comprises a liquid output mechanism that outputs the water, and a gas output mechanism that outputs the permeate gas from which the water has been separated. The liquid output mechanism has a liquid sealing structure that suppresses the mixing of gas. The gas treatment system according to claim 1 or 2.
  11. The water separation device comprises a liquid output mechanism that outputs the water, and a gas output mechanism that outputs the permeate gas from which the water has been separated, At least one of the following is provided: a mist separator provided upstream of the gas output mechanism to remove droplets in the flow of the permeate gas discharged from the negative pressure generating device; an opening in the gas output mechanism to allow the permeate gas flowing in a direction different from the direction in which the discharged permeate gas flows; and a shielding member to suppress the inflow of droplets into the opening of the gas output mechanism. The gas treatment system according to claim 1 or 2.

Description

This invention relates to a gas treatment system. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, carbon dioxide capture systems exist. Recently, membrane separation has been proposed as one method of carbon dioxide capture. In membrane separation, water vapor contained in the exhaust gas passes through the separation membrane. Therefore, carbon dioxide capture systems using membrane separation are equipped with a pressure difference generator to create a partial pressure difference between the upstream and downstream chambers of the separation membrane, and a dehumidifier on the gas path through which the permeate gas flows from the downstream chamber. This allows for the removal of water vapor before carbon dioxide capture (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-146318 This is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of the carbon dioxide capture system according to the first embodiment.This is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a carbon dioxide capture system according to the second embodiment.This is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a carbon dioxide capture system according to the third embodiment.This figure shows the relationship between the exhaust speed of the negative pressure generating device according to the third embodiment and the achievable vacuum level in the space from the downstream chamber of the separation membrane to the suction channel.This figure shows the relationship between the temperature of the heat transfer section and the achievable vacuum level according to the third embodiment.This figure shows the relationship between saturated water vapor pressure, the temperature of the heat transfer section according to this embodiment, and the water vapor concentration.This is a flowchart showing the processing procedure by the control device according to the third embodiment.This is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a carbon dioxide capture system according to the fourth embodiment.This is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a carbon dioxide capture system according to the fifth embodiment.This is a flowchart showing the processing procedure by the control device according to the fifth embodiment.This figure shows the control before operation begins in the carbon dioxide capture system according to the sixth embodiment.This is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of the water separation device of the carbon dioxide recovery system according to the seventh embodiment.This is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a water separation device for a carbon dioxide recovery system according to a modified example of the seventh embodiment.This figure shows the control before operation starts and after operation ends in the control device according to the seventh embodiment.This is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a water separation device in a carbon dioxide recovery system according to the eighth embodiment.This is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a water separation device in a carbon dioxide recovery system according to Modification 1 of the eighth embodiment.This is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a water separation device in a carbon dioxide recovery system according to a modified example 2 of the eighth embodiment. The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Furthermore, the embodiments described below are illustrative and not limiting to the invention; not all features or combinations thereof described in the embodiments are necessarily essential to the invention. In each drawing, identical or corresponding components are denoted by the same or corresponding reference numerals, and their descriptions may be omitted. (First Embodiment) Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a carbon dioxide recovery system (an example of a gas treatment system) according to the first embodiment. The carbon dioxide recovery system 1 of the first embodiment comprises an exhaust gas source 110, a heat removal/dehumidification device 120, a dust removal device 130, a separation device 140, a water separation device 150, a negative pressure generator 160, and a carbon dioxide recovery device 170. The exhaust gas emission source 110 can be configured to emit exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide, and may, for example, be a combustion mechanism that generates thermal energy by burning fuel using air. The fuel can be any combustible medium, such as diesel fuel, gasoline, or flammable gas. The exhaust gas emission source 110 generates a gas (hereinafter also referred to as exhaust gas) containing a mixture of carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen, and a predetermined compound through the combustion of the fuel, and outputs this exhaust gas to the heat removal/dehumidification device 120. The heat removal and