JP-7854688-B2 - Method for constructing ecological breakwaters using rubble, attraction-type cement-based paint, and method for manufacturing the same.

Inventors

• 呂 建福
• 郭 軼宏
• 許 飛
• 胡 新宇

Assignees

• 哈爾濱工程大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260507

Application Date

20240614

Priority Date

20191202

Claims (7)

1. A cement-based paint for attracting sessile organisms to the surface of a stone breakwater , It is composed of cementitious material, sand, water, dark pigments, bio-derived biocalcium powder, non-biological calcium carbonate powder, trace elements, wood fiber, dispersible rubber powder, and superplasticizer. The weight ratios of the cementitious material, sand, water, dark pigment, bio-derived biocalcium powder, non-biological calcium carbonate powder, trace elements, wood fiber, dispersible rubber powder, and superplasticizer are, in order , 1:(0.35-0.7):(0.20-0.60):(0.02-0.10):(0.02-0.10):(0.02-0.10):(0.01-0.08):(0.04-0.12):(0.05-0.15):(0.001-0.010). The aforementioned bio-derived biocalcium powder is one or more combinations of bovine bone powder, oyster shell powder, fish bone powder, eggshell powder, and coral powder. A cement-based paint characterized in that the non-biological calcium carbonate powder is one or more combinations of calcite, chalk, limestone, marble, aragonite, and travertine powder.
2. The cement -based paint according to claim 1, characterized in that the dark pigment is one or two of the following: iron black, aniline black, carbon black, antimony sulfide, red iron oxide, and organic pigment red.
3. The cement -based paint according to claim 2, characterized in that the dark pigment is modified, and one of a transparent resin, organosilicon, dimethylsiloxane, and a superhydrophobic material is used for the modification treatment.
4. The cement- based coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the fineness of the non-biologically derived calcium carbonate powder exceeds 200 mesh.
5. The cement -based paint according to claim 1, characterized in that the sand is one or more of river sand, machine-made sand, and sea sand having a particle size of 0.16 mm to 2.36 mm.
6. The cement- based paint according to claim 1, characterized in that the superplasticizer is one of a carboxylic acid and a naphthalene-based agent.
7. A method for manufacturing a cement- based paint according to claim 1, Step S1 involves weighing cementitious material, sand, water, dark pigment, bio-derived biocalcium powder, non-biological calcium carbonate powder, trace elements, wood fiber, dispersible rubber powder, and superplasticizer. Step S2 involves placing cementitious material, dark pigment, bio-derived biocalcium powder, non-biological calcium carbonate powder, and trace elements into a material mixer and mixing them uniformly for 2 to 5 minutes at a rotation speed of 1000 to 1500 revolutions per minute. Next, in step S3, sand, wood fiber, and dispersible rubber powder are placed in a mixer and mixed for 5 to 10 minutes at a rotation speed of 500 to 1000 revolutions per minute. A manufacturing method comprising step S4, which involves thoroughly dissolving a powdered superplasticizer in water, then placing it together with the mixed material in a high-speed mixer and stirring for 5 to 10 minutes at a rotation speed of 200 to 500 revolutions per minute, thereby enabling the production of a cement coating with excellent attractive effect for attracting organisms to the surface of marine projects.

Description

This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201911210502.6, filed on December 2, 2019, for "Method for constructing an ecological rubble breakwater," and also claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201911210521.9, filed on December 2, 2019, for "Cement-based coating for attracting sessile organisms to marine project surfaces and method for manufacturing the same," the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. This invention relates to ecological breakwater technology, and more particularly to a method for constructing ecological breakwaters using rubble, an attractive cement-based coating, and a method for manufacturing the same. It belongs to the field of marine ecological engineering. In recent decades, while the economy of China's coastal regions has developed rapidly, a lack of attention to environmental protection has led to large-scale destruction of the coastal ecosystems, severely impacting both the ecosystems and the economy. Currently, with the implementation of a series of relevant national policies, China's marine project construction is reaching its peak. Simultaneously, the large-scale construction of marine projects and the breakwaters necessary to stabilize the surrounding sea areas are further destroying already fragile marine ecosystems. If adequate protection of the ecological environment is not taken, it will lead to even more serious destruction of the coastal ecosystems of China. At the same time, since most of the infrastructure in China's coastal regions cannot be dismantled and the ecosystems of those areas need to be restored, people are gradually realizing that applying ecological technologies to much of the infrastructure can effectively improve or restore the marine ecosystems. Therefore, constructing ecologically effective breakwaters, or ecologically modifying existing breakwaters, is extremely important and urgent for improving the ecological environment of China's coastal regions. The objective of this invention is to provide a method for constructing a highly durable, ecologically sound breakwater, thereby addressing the problems of current breakwater expansion and repair destroying coastal ecosystems and the short lifespan of existing breakwaters. This breakwater also possesses superior wave-dissipating capabilities, a long lifespan, and excellent environmental efficiency. This invention, based on the understanding that oysters prefer to adhere to dark substrates and the surfaces of their own shells, and that higher alkalinity affects oyster adhesion and metamorphosis, and considering the impact of simultaneously mixed-in external additives on the cement-based coating and concrete performance, determines the design, molding, and curing methods for coatings and concrete that attract oysters. The specific technical solutions are as follows: (1) In order to investigate the sea area where the ecological project will be constructed, the dominant oyster species and the presence or absence of oyster attachment in the sea area will be investigated, as well as the air temperature, seawater temperature, dissolved oxygen, planktonic organisms, total dissolved inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate, active silicate, Ca²⁺ , Zn²⁺ , K⁺, etc. in the sea area in different seasons, and furthermore, the number of typhoons that have occurred in the past and their intensity will be investigated. (2) When manufacturing concrete adhesive substrates, one of the following shapes shall be manufactured: a plate-shaped adhesive substrate, a corrugated adhesive substrate, and a cylindrical adhesive substrate. (3) In order to quantitatively harvest and cultivate oyster larvae, during the period when oyster larvae in the local sea area concentrate on attaching and undergoing metamorphosis, the attachment substrate is placed in a spat collection area in a nearby sea area. When the amount of attached oyster larvae is 15 to 25 per 100 cm² , spat collection is stopped, and then the attachment substrate is moved to a sea area rich in food and float cultivation is carried out. (4) Regarding the treatment of the rock surface, the rock surface is cleaned, and once the saturated surface is dry, a cement-based coating is sprayed or applied to the marine project surface to attract sessile organisms. (5) Regarding the placement of the rocks, in the second year, during the period when oyster larvae concentrate and undergo metamorphosis in the local sea area, the rocks are placed in a dispersed manner. Rocks with a volume exceeding 1 cubic meter are placed individually, and each rock is covered with a cage made of rope. Furthermore, the rope cages cover multiple rocks with a volume of less than 1 cubic meter, forming a pile of rocks with a volume of 1 to 5 cubic meters, with an internal void ratio of 40% to 60%, and the rocks or piles of rocks are connected with rope or similar means. (6) Regarding the placement of oyster attachment substrates at the site, the subs