JP-7855138-B2 - Layered short-range wireless communication antenna

JP7855138B2JP 7855138 B2JP7855138 B2JP 7855138B2JP-7855138-B2

Inventors

ベレスネフ，パベル

Assignees

センセオニクス，インコーポレーテッド

Dates

Publication Date: 20260507
Application Date: 20230808
Priority Date: 20220809

Claims (20)

Multiple first conductors in the first antenna layer, An antenna comprising a plurality of second conductors in one or more second antenna layers different from the first antenna layer, An antenna comprising an antenna in which a current supplied to the antenna passes through the plurality of first conductors in a direction opposite to the direction in which the current passes through the plurality of second conductors , wherein the current passing through the plurality of second conductors is a return current .
The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an antenna printed circuit board (PCB).
The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of first conductors are printed on the bottom surface of the antenna PCB.
The apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the antenna PCB includes antenna vias, each of which electrically connects one conductor of the plurality of second conductors to one conductor of the plurality of first conductors.
The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of first conductors in the first antenna layer, the conductors in the one or more second antenna layers, and the antenna vias form a coil, and the conductors in the one or more second antenna layers include at least the plurality of second conductors.
The apparatus according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the plurality of second conductors are printed on the upper surface of the antenna PCB and/or are fabricated in one or more layers of the antenna PCB.
The apparatus according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the plurality of second conductors include a plurality of second conductors disposed on a first edge of the antenna PCB and a plurality of second conductors disposed on a second edge of the antenna PCB opposite to the first edge.
Multiple first conductors in the first antenna layer, A plurality of second conductors in one or more second antenna layers different from the first antenna layer and An antenna that includes, The current supplied to the antenna passes through the plurality of first conductors in a direction opposite to the direction in which the current passes through the plurality of second conductors, and the antenna Antenna printed circuit board (PCB) and Equipped with, The plurality of second conductors include a plurality of second conductors arranged on the first edge of the antenna PCB, and a plurality of second conductors arranged on the second edge of the antenna PCB on the opposite side of the first edge, The apparatus further comprises a first ferromagnetic piece positioned beneath a plurality of second conductors positioned at the first edge of the antenna PCB, and a second ferromagnetic piece positioned beneath a plurality of second conductors positioned at the second edge of the antenna PCB.
The apparatus according to claim 2, 3, or 8 , further comprising a ferromagnetic layer above the antenna PCB.
The apparatus according to claim 9, Circuit components PCB and The apparatus further comprises one or more circuit components mounted on or fabricated on the circuit component PCB.
The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the ferromagnetic layer is located between the circuit component PCB and the antenna PCB.
The apparatus according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the plurality of second conductors are arranged on one edge of the antenna PCB.
The apparatus according to claim 12, further comprising a ferromagnetic piece disposed above the plurality of second conductors on one edge of the antenna PCB.
The apparatus according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the antenna further includes a ferromagnetic layer between the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors.
It is a device , Multiple first conductors in the first antenna layer, A plurality of second conductors in one or more second antenna layers different from the first antenna layer and An antenna that includes, The current supplied to the antenna passes through the plurality of first conductors in a direction opposite to the direction in which the current passes through the plurality of second conductors, and the antenna A first antenna printed circuit board (PCB), wherein the plurality of first conductors are printed on the first antenna printed circuit board (PCB) or manufactured on the first antenna printed circuit board (PCB), Second antenna PCB and Equipped with, An apparatus in which the plurality of second conductors are printed on and/or fabricated on the second antenna PCB .
The apparatus according to claim 15, further comprising one or more circuit components mounted on or fabricated on the second antenna PCB.
The apparatus according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the first antenna PCB and the second antenna PCB are part of a composite PCB, and the ferromagnetic layer is an internal layer within the composite PCB.
It is a device , Multiple first conductors in the first antenna layer, A plurality of second conductors in one or more second antenna layers different from the first antenna layer and An antenna that includes, The antenna comprises a current supplied to the antenna, which passes through the plurality of first conductors in a direction opposite to the direction in which the current passes through the plurality of second conductors, An apparatus in which the cross-sectional area of the plurality of first conductors is larger than the cross-sectional area of the plurality of second conductors.
The apparatus according to claim 1, 8, 15, or 18 , A first antenna feed unit and a second antenna feed unit, The first antenna feed point is electrically connected to the first outer conductor of the plurality of first conductors at the first antenna end of the first outer conductor, and the first feed conductor is located in one of the one or more second antenna layers, The second antenna feeding section is further connected to the second outer conductor of the plurality of first conductors at the second antenna end of the second outer conductor, and the second feeding conductor is located in one of the one or more second antenna layers, A device in which the first antenna end and the second antenna end are located at the opposite end of the antenna.
The apparatus according to claim 1, 8, 15, or 18 , wherein the current supplied to the antenna passes through one of the plurality of second conductors after passing through one of the plurality of first conductors and before passing through another of the plurality of first conductors.

Description

Cross-reference of related applications [0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/370,808, filed on 9 August 2022, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. [0002] Field of Invention [0003] The present invention generally relates to near-field radio communication (NFC) antennas for communication and/or for powering remote receivers. More specifically, aspects of the present invention relate to planar NFC antennas for small cylindrical receivers, with axes and coils oriented parallel to the surface of the planar antenna. [0004] Discussion of background technology [0005]Magnetic field [0006] Figure 1A shows a cross-section of a conductor (e.g., a wire) that carries current in a first direction (e.g., forward or inward on the page), and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current. Figure 1B shows a cross-section of a conductor that carries current in a second direction (e.g., backward or outward on the page), and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current. Figures 1C and 1E show cross-sections of groups of conductors that carry current in the first direction, with Figure 1C showing the direction of the magnetic field generated by each of the currents carried by the conductors in the group, and Figure 1E showing the direction of the combined magnetic field generated by the currents of the group of conductors. Figures 1D and 1F show cross-sections of groups of conductors that carry current in a second direction, with Figure 1D showing the direction of the magnetic field generated by each of the currents carried by the conductors in the group, and Figure 1F showing the direction of the combined magnetic field generated by the currents of the group of conductors. Figure 1G shows a cross-section of a group of conductors that includes both (a) a conductor that carries current in a first direction and (b) a conductor that carries current in a second direction, as well as the direction of the magnetic field generated by the opposing currents in the group of conductors. [0007] Space-saving NFC antenna design [0008] An NFC antenna is typically a coil shaped to accomplish a specific task. For example, an NFC antenna may be operated at a center frequency of 13.56 MHz, and its size may be limited to the range of 0.01 meters (m) to 0.1 m. For many applications, an NFC antenna may communicate with and/or power a remote device (e.g., during the duration of communication). Typically, maximizing the flux linkage between the NFC antenna and the remote device improves power efficiency and communication range. The power supplied to a remote device by an NFC antenna will be proportional to the square of the amplitude of the electromagnetic field (EMF) that can be deployed in the receiving coil of the remote device. The EMF is proportional to the time derivative of the flux linkage, as shown in the following equation. The above equation means that the EMF is proportional to the velocity of the magnetic flux changing through the receiving coil of the remote device, and the integral of the dot product of the incoming magnetic flux density vector and the normal to the surface of the coil over the entire surface of the coil. If the frequency is fixed by the allocation for regulation, the flux linkage can be maximized by decreasing the distance and/or increasing the area of the coil receiving the flux with a vector oriented in the same direction as the normal to the coil. This can be done by adding turns to the coil, and as shown below, the equation for flux linkage is simplified to a single-loop equation multiplied by N, where N is the number of turns in the coil. λ=NΦ (Equation 3) [0009] Many antennas are optimized to (i) be broad and planar, (ii) communicate with remote devices that are also broad and planar, and (iii) be the same size and dimensions as a credit card or public transport pass. In these cases, the flux linkage is maximized by adding windings and ensuring that the transmitter antenna and the remote device are properly aligned. In this case, the flux linkage is realized through coaxial magnetic field lines perpendicular to the surface of the planar coil and representing the instantaneous magnetic "poles" of the magnet generated by the coil. The receiving coil is then positioned parallel to the transmitting coil and receives most of the magnetic field lines before they begin to bend laterally. [0010] In special cases where the remote device is not a wide, flat surface and its magnetic poles cannot be aligned perpendicular to the transmitter's surface, different antenna shapes are used. For example, if the receiving device is a long cylinder with a helical coil wound along its axis, and the coil can only be positioned parallel to the antenna, then direct magnetic field lines at the poles are no longer possible. Instead, curved magnetic field lines are used to power the coil. This can be achieved by modifying the transmitter anten