KR-102961170-B1 - Ammonia Fuel Supply System for a Vessel

KR102961170B1KR 102961170 B1KR102961170 B1KR 102961170B1KR-102961170-B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ammonia fuel supply system for a ship that efficiently recovers ammonia from an engine and fuel supply device using ammonia as fuel, thereby minimizing ammonia emitted from the ship. The ammonia fuel supply system according to the present invention may include: an absorber that controls the ammonia concentration of the exhaust gas by absorbing gaseous ammonia in the exhaust gas into an absorbing fluid before exhausting the exhaust gas containing ammonia into the atmosphere; and a stripper that separates gaseous ammonia and a lean absorbing fluid by distilling the rich absorbing fluid generated while the absorbing fluid absorbs ammonia in the absorber.

Inventors

정성규
김유진
조두현
양대원

Assignees

한화오션 주식회사

Dates

Publication Date: 20260507
Application Date: 20230831

Claims (12)

An absorber that controls the ammonia concentration of the emission gas by absorbing gaseous ammonia in the emission gas into an absorbing fluid before releasing the emission gas containing ammonia into the atmosphere; A stripper that separates a rich absorbent fluid, generated as the absorbent fluid absorbs ammonia in the absorber above, into gaseous ammonia and a lean absorbent fluid by distilling the rich absorbent fluid; A circulation line for resupplying the lean absorption fluid generated by separating gaseous ammonia in the stripper to the absorber; and An ammonia fuel supply system comprising: a second absorption fluid heat exchanger for cooling the lean absorption fluid recirculated to the absorber to further lower the ammonia concentration.
In claim 1, The above-mentioned absorbing fluid is clean water, an ammonia fuel supply system.
In claim 1, An ammonia fuel supply system further comprising: a first absorbent fluid heat exchanger that heat-exchanges a rich absorbent fluid supplied from the absorber to a stripper and a lean absorbent fluid supplied back from the stripper to the absorber, thereby heating the lean absorbent fluid and cooling the rich absorbent fluid.
In claim 1, An ammonia discharge line for discharging ammonia separated into a gaseous state from a rich absorbing fluid in the stripper from the stripper; and An ammonia fuel supply system further comprising a cooler for condensing gaseous ammonia discharged through the ammonia discharge line.
In claim 4, A storage unit for storing the above ammonia in a liquid state; and It further includes a re-liquefaction unit that re-liquefies the ammonia evaporative gas generated from the above liquid ammonia by heat exchange with a refrigerant, and An ammonia fuel supply system that supplies a refrigerant to be heat-exchanged with the above-mentioned gaseous ammonia from the above-mentioned re-liquefaction unit to a cooler.
In claim 4, An ammonia fuel supply system further comprising: an ammonia separator that separates liquid ammonia condensed in the above cooler into gas and liquid phases and supplies the separated liquid ammonia to a storage unit that stores the ammonia in a liquid phase.
In claim 1, A storage unit for storing the above ammonia in a liquid state; A separator provided upstream of the absorber and for separating liquid ammonia in the discharge gas by gas-liquid separation; and An ammonia fuel supply system further comprising a liquid line for recovering liquid ammonia separated in the separator to the storage unit.
In claim 7, An ammonia fuel supply system further comprising: a precooler upstream of the separator that precools the discharge gas supplied to the separator to condense at least a portion of the gaseous ammonia in the discharge gas.
In claim 7, An ammonia fuel supply system comprising: an intermediate cooler that cools a gas mixture supplied from the separator to an absorber to condense at least a portion of the gaseous ammonia in the gas mixture.
An engine that uses ammonia as fuel; and A vessel comprising an ammonia fuel supply system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.
In claim 10, A vessel characterized by the ammonia concentration of the discharge gas emitted into the atmosphere from the vessel being 25 ppm or less.
In claim 10, A combustor that generates combustion gas by burning gaseous ammonia or a mixed gas containing gaseous ammonia; and It further includes a fuel supply unit that vaporizes liquid ammonia supplied from a storage unit that stores the above ammonia in a liquid state and supplies it to a combustion unit. The above engine is a gas turbine that generates power using the combustion gas as a working fluid, a ship.

Description

Ammonia Fuel Supply System for a Vessel The present invention relates to an ammonia fuel supply system for a ship that efficiently recovers ammonia from an engine and fuel supply device using ammonia as fuel, thereby minimizing ammonia emitted from the ship. As global warming intensifies, efforts are being made worldwide to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. With the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, which included greenhouse gas reduction obligations for developed countries, set to expire in 2020, the 195 parties participating in the Paris Climate Change Accord—which was adopted at the 21st United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change held in Paris, France in December 2015 and entered into force in November 2016—are making various efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Along with these global trends, interest in renewable energy (or renewable energy) such as wind, solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, bioenergy, tidal, and geothermal power is increasing as pollution-free energy that can replace fossil fuels and nuclear power, and various technological developments are underway. Liquefied gases, including liquefied natural gas (LNG), can eliminate or reduce air pollutants during the liquefaction process, making them environmentally friendly fuels that emit fewer pollutants during combustion. Consequently, the global consumption of liquefied gases, such as LNG, has been rapidly increasing in recent years. Liquefied gases, produced by liquefying gas at low temperatures, have the advantage of increasing storage and transportation efficiency because their volume is significantly smaller than that of natural gas. Liquefied natural gas is a colorless, transparent liquid obtained by liquefying natural gas, which is composed mainly of methane, by cooling it to about -162°C. It has a volume that is about 1/600th that of natural gas. Therefore, liquefiing natural gas allows for very efficient transport. Although the liquefaction temperature of liquefied petroleum gas varies depending on the composition, in the case of petroleum gas with propane as the main component, it liquefies at a low temperature of about -42°C at atmospheric pressure, and can be stored in a liquid state down to about 45°C at 18 bar and down to 20°C at 7 bar. Meanwhile, conventional LPG carriers and the like employ a fuel supply system that uses heavy fuel oil, such as Bunker C oil, which is relatively inexpensive, as propulsion fuel for ships. However, due to stricter international exhaust emission regulations regarding the use of heavy fuel oil, these heavy fuel oil supply systems have had to install separate heavy fuel oil tanks (LSHFO tanks) with low sulfur content, and there has been a growing demand for an eco-friendly fuel supply system that meets international environmental standards. Recently, the application of fuel supply systems that use LPG or LNG and the boil-off gas generated therefrom as propulsion fuel is increasing in LPG or LNG carriers. Furthermore, due to the strengthening of international exhaust emission regulations, the number of general vessels using LNG and similar substances as propulsion fuel is also increasing, in addition to LPG or LNG carriers. Although LNG and LPG are considered eco-friendly fuels compared to other fossil fuels previously used as ship fuel, they still produce carbon dioxide during combustion, and ships using them as fuel continue to emit carbon dioxide during operation. FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram illustrating an ammonia fuel supply system for a ship according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a simplified diagram illustrating an ammonia fuel supply system for a ship according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a simplified diagram illustrating an ammonia fuel supply system of a ship according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram illustrating an ammonia fuel supply system of a ship according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a simplified diagram illustrating an ammonia fuel supply system of a ship according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In order to fully understand the operational advantages of the present invention and the objectives achieved by the embodiments of the present invention, reference must be made to the accompanying drawings illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and the contents described therein. The structure and operation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that in assigning reference numerals to the components of each drawing, identical components are denoted by the same numeral whenever possible, even if they are shown in different drawings. Furthermore, the following embodiment may be modified in various different forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment. The ammonia fu