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KR-102961953-B1 - MANUFACTURING METHOD OF CARBON ELECTRODE-BASED SOLAR CELL INCLUDING SURFACE-TREATED PEROVSKITE THIN FILM THROUGH POLISHING, AND CARBON ELECTRODE-BASED SOLAR CELL MANUFACTURED BY THE SAME METHOD

KR102961953B1KR 102961953 B1KR102961953 B1KR 102961953B1KR-102961953-B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell comprising a perovskite thin film surface-treated through polishing, and a carbon electrode-based solar cell manufactured by said method. According to the present invention, the surface of a perovskite thin film can be made smooth through polishing. Accordingly, the reduced surface roughness induces effective interface formation with hole transport materials, thereby improving the performance and stability of the solar cell. In addition, the present invention is effective for carbon electrode-based solar cells and has improved thermal stability by not using metal electrodes that are unstable at high temperatures.

Inventors

  • 전남중
  • 홍순일
  • 성세진
  • 신성식
  • 이다슬
  • 남성식
  • 서갑경

Assignees

  • 한국화학연구원
  • 성균관대학교산학협력단

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20240229

Claims (20)

  1. S1) A step of forming a transparent electrode layer by laminating a conductive material on a substrate; S2) A step of forming an electron transport layer by coating an electron transport material on the transparent electrode layer; S3) A step of depositing a perovskite thin film on the electron transport layer and surface treating it; and S4) A step of forming an upper layer on the surface-treated perovskite thin film; Includes, In step S3) above, the surface treatment of the perovskite thin film involves physically or chemically polishing the surface of the perovskite thin film, and The surface of the polished perovskite thin film is surface-treated by coating with a solution of FABr (Formamidinium Bromide) or MeO-PEAI (4-methoxy-phenethylammonium iodide) dissolved in IPA, and The concentration of the above FABr solution is 1 to 60 mM, and A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell in which the concentration of the above MeO-PEAI solution is 1 to 20 mM.
  2. In Article 1, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell in which the above perovskite thin film is a three-dimensional perovskite thin film having an ABX3 structure. (A is a monovalent cation, B is a divalent cation, and X is a halogen anion.)
  3. In Paragraph 2, The above ABX3 structure is a method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell having the composition FA x MA y Cs z PbI 3-a Br a . (x+y+z is 1, and a is 0 to 3.)
  4. In Paragraph 2, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell, wherein a perovskite precursor having the above ABX3 structure is dissolved in an organic solvent, coated onto the electron transport layer, and then heat-treated at 100 to 150 ℃ to form a perovskite thin film having the above ABX3 structure.
  5. In Paragraph 4, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell, wherein the organic solvent is a solution of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethylformamide (DMF) mixed in a volume ratio of 1 to 2:5 to 10.
  6. In Paragraph 2, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell in which the thickness of the ABX3 structured perovskite thin film is 100 to 1000 nm.
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  8. In Article 1, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell by contacting a polishing substrate onto the above-mentioned perovskite thin film and physically polishing it by applying pressure in one direction.
  9. In Paragraph 8, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell, wherein the polishing substrate is a polishing cloth having a particle size of 0.02 to 10 μm.
  10. In Article 1, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell having a roughness (R RMS ) of 10 to 55 nm of the perovskite thin film after polishing.
  11. In Article 1, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell satisfying the following Equation 2 for the thickness of the perovskite thin film before polishing ( t0 ) and the thickness of the perovskite thin film after polishing ( t1 ) in the above polishing. [Equation 2] 20 nm ≤ t₀ - t₁ ≤ 80 nm
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  15. In Article 1, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell having an upper 2D and lower 3D perovskite heterostructure, wherein the perovskite thin film surface-treated with the above MeO-PEAI solution forms a quasi-2D perovskite structure on the surface.
  16. In Paragraph 15, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell in which the thickness of the quasi-2D perovskite structure formed on the surface of the perovskite is 10 to 150 nm.
  17. In Article 1, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell in which the thickness of the surface-treated perovskite thin film is 80 to 900 nm.
  18. In Article 1, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell comprising a hole-carbon electrode layer formed by stacking a carbon-based electrode as an electrode material on a surface-treated perovskite thin film and infiltrating a hole transport material in the upper layer.
  19. In Article 1, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell comprising: a hole transport layer formed by coating a hole transport material on the surface-treated perovskite thin film; and a carbon electrode layer formed by stacking a carbon-based electrode as an electrode material on the hole transport layer.
  20. In Paragraph 19, A method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell by mixing the above hole transport material and cobalt salt mixture in a weight ratio of 1800 to 2000:1, dissolving it in chlorobenzene, and coating it on the above perovskite thin film to form a hole transport layer.

Description

Manufacturing method of a carbon electrode-based solar cell including a surface-treated perovskite thin film through polishing, and a carbon electrode-based solar cell manufactured by the same method The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a carbon electrode-based solar cell comprising a perovskite thin film surface-treated through polishing, and a carbon electrode-based solar cell manufactured by said method. A solar cell is a device that generates electricity by converting the sun's light energy into electrical energy. Generally, it has a structure in which a photoactive layer exists between the positive and negative electrodes, and it produces electrical energy by utilizing the photovoltaic effect, which absorbs solar energy and generates electrons and holes. A perovskite solar cell is a type of solar cell that uses a material with a perovskite structure as the light-absorbing layer. Perovskite is a mineral material with a unique, regular three-dimensional structure formed by the combination of two cations and one anion. When exposed to sunlight, it generates electrons and holes that transmit electricity. Compared to commercially available silicon solar cells, it utilizes inexpensive materials and can be manufactured through a solution process at low temperatures, making it a promising next-generation solar cell material to replace existing solar cells. Conventionally, precious metals such as gold or silver have been used as the top electrode of perovskite solar cells. While these precious metal electrodes are highly conductive and can be used thinly and uniformly, they are very expensive and react with the underlying perovskite, negatively affecting the long-term stability of the solar cell. Carbon-based materials are attracting attention as electrode materials capable of overcoming the limitations of conventional precious metal electrodes. One common method for introducing carbon electrodes involves transferring a porous carbon electrode fabricated via a dry process onto a perovskite thin film and then infiltrating the electrode with a hole transport material. However, this method presents a limitation: if the surface roughness of the perovskite thin film is high, non-radiative recombination may occur at the perovskite-carbon interface, even though the hole transport material permeates after direct contact with the carbon electrode, thereby degrading device performance. Furthermore, in the method of attaching carbon electrodes by coating a hole transport material onto a perovskite thin film, a thick hole transport layer is required to achieve complete coverage of the perovskite film with high roughness; this leads to increased series resistance of the cell, which negatively affects photovoltaic conversion efficiency. Accordingly, there is a need to develop technology capable of controlling the surface roughness of perovskite thin films in order to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells. FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a carbon electrode-based solar cell according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a carbon electrode-based solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 shows a surface image of a perovskite thin film before polishing according to the present invention. Figure 4 shows a surface image of a perovskite thin film after polishing according to the present invention. Figure 5 shows the surface roughness of a perovskite thin film before polishing according to the present invention. Figure 6 shows the surface roughness of a perovskite thin film after polishing according to the present invention. Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional image of a perovskite thin film before polishing according to the present invention. Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional image of a perovskite thin film after polishing according to the present invention. Figure 9 shows the grazing-incidence XRD results of a perovskite thin film before and after polishing according to the present invention. Figure 10 shows the current density-voltage measurement results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 according to the present invention. Figure 11 shows the current density-voltage measurement results of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 according to the present invention. FIG. 12 shows the current density-voltage measurement results of Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 according to the present invention. The embodiments described in this specification may be modified in various different forms, and the technology according to one embodiment is not limited to the embodiments described below. Furthermore, the embodiments of one embodiment are provided to more fully explain the present disclosure to those with average knowledge in the relevant technical field. Unless otherwise defined, technical and scientific terms used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field