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KR-102962600-B1 - Solid biomass fuel production process

KR102962600B1KR 102962600 B1KR102962600 B1KR 102962600B1KR-102962600-B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for producing solid biomass fuel from agricultural waste such as grass, rice husks, yams, straw, corn stalks, or combinations thereof, and to solid biomass fuel produced by said process. Additionally, the present invention relates to a combustion process comprising the step of burning said solid biomass fuel to produce energy, and to the pretreatment of one or more biomass sources for use in the production of solid biomass fuel.

Inventors

  • 바이, 홍 메이

Dates

Publication Date
20260511
Application Date
20200810
Priority Date
20190808

Claims (20)

  1. As a production process for solid biomass fuel, The above process consists of the following steps: (i) providing one or more biomass sources having an average particle size (D50) of 30,000 μm to 60,000 μm and a moisture content of less than 50 weight%; (ii) a step of grinding one or more of the above biomass sources to provide ground biomass powder having an average particle size (D50) of 1,000 μm to 20,000 μm; (iii) a step of compressing the pulverized biomass powder to provide compressed biomass powder having a moisture content of less than 30% by weight; (iv) a step of drying the above-mentioned compressed biomass powder to provide dried compressed biomass powder; (v) a step of molding the dried compressed biomass powder to provide a molded biomass product; (vi) a step of providing solid biomass fuel by heating the molded biomass product at a temperature of 160°C to 420°C for a period of 0.25 to 5 hours; and (vii) A process for producing solid biomass fuel comprising the step of removing dust particles from the solid biomass fuel.
  2. In claim 1, (i) one or more biomass sources comprise agricultural waste; (ii) one or more biomass sources comprise grass, rice husks, yams, straw, corn stalks, or a combination thereof; and/or (iii) one or more biomass sources comprise 20% to 80% by weight of grass and one or more rice husks, yams, straw, corn stalks, or a combination thereof, a process for producing solid biomass fuel.
  3. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein one or more of the above biomass sources comprise grass, said grass comprises plants from the genus Pennisetum; optionally, said one or more of the above biomass sources comprise Pennisetum sinese Roxb.
  4. In claim 1, (a) a process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein one or more of the above biomass sources comprise (i) grass; (ii) a mixture of rice husks and yam; (iii) a mixture of straw and yam; and (iv) a mixture of corn stalks and yam, or are composed of these or essentially composed of these; and/or (b) a process for producing solid biomass fuel in which the moisture content of one or more of the above biomass sources is 30% to 50% by weight.
  5. In claim 1, (i) a step of providing one or more biomass sources having an average particle size (D50) of 30,000 μm to 60,000 μm and a moisture content of less than 50 weight% comprises (a) a step of compressing said one or more biomass sources to have a moisture content of less than 50 weight%; and/or (b) a step of chopping said one or more biomass sources to have an average particle size (D50) of 30,000 μm to 60,000 μm, a process for producing solid biomass fuel.
  6. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the step (iv) of drying the compressed biomass powder to provide dried compressed biomass powder comprises drying the compressed biomass powder such that the dried compressed biomass powder has a moisture content of 10% to 18% by weight; optionally, the step (iv) of drying the compressed biomass powder to provide dried compressed biomass powder further comprises mixing the compressed biomass powder particles during drying.
  7. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the step (v) of molding the dried compressed biomass powder includes a step of adjusting the molding step so that the density of the molded biomass product is controlled, and optionally the step of adjusting the molding step so that the density of the molded biomass product is controlled includes a step of controlling the compression ratio of the mold used in the molding step.
  8. In claim 1, (a) the step (vi) of heating the molded biomass product is performed for a period of 0.4 to 2.5 hours, and the step of heating the molded biomass product includes heating the molded biomass product to a temperature of 180 °C to 350 °C; and/or (b) the process further includes the step of cooling the solid biomass fuel after the heating step (vi) and before the step (vii) of removing dust particles from the solid biomass fuel, a process for producing solid biomass fuel.
  9. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the step (vi) of heating the molded biomass product is configured to control the uniformity of the solid biomass fuel, and optionally the step (vi) of controlling the uniformity of the solid biomass fuel is performed in a device in which the molded biomass product is rotated while being heated, and optionally the step (vi) of controlling the uniformity of the solid biomass fuel is configured to control the direction or speed of rotation of the molded biomass product, and optionally the molded biomass product is rotated in both counterclockwise and clockwise directions in the device.
  10. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the step (vii) of removing dust particles from the solid biomass fuel comprises removing dust particles from the solid biomass fuel with a screen; wherein the screen has a pore size of 3 mm to 8 mm; and optionally, the step (vii) of removing dust particles from the solid biomass fuel comprises performing vibration, rotation, rolling, or a combination thereof on the solid biomass fuel.
  11. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the bulk density of the solid biomass fuel determined according to DIN EN 15103 is 0.58 kg/l to 0.8 kg/l, and/or the mechanical durability of the solid biomass fuel determined according to DIN EN 15210-1 is 95% or more, 96% or more, 97% or more, or 98% or more.
  12. In claim 1, (i) The above one or more biomass sources include or essentially consist of a pool, the solid biomass fuel has a bulk density of 0.60 kg/L to 0.65 kg/L, and the mechanical durability of the solid biomass fuel is 95% or more; (ii) The above one or more biomass sources comprise a mixture of rice husks and yams, the solid biomass fuel has a bulk density of 0.58 kg/L to 0.63 kg/L, and the mechanical durability of the solid biomass fuel is 95% or more; (iii) The above one or more biomass sources comprise a mixture of straw and yam, the solid biomass fuel has a bulk density of 0.60 kg/L to 0.64 kg/L, and the mechanical durability of the solid biomass fuel is 95% or more; (iv) The above one or more biomass sources comprise a mixture of corn stalks and yams, the solid biomass fuel has a bulk density of 0.62 kg/L to 0.66 kg/L, and the mechanical durability of the solid biomass fuel is 95% or more; A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the bulk density is determined according to DIN EN 15103 and the mechanical durability is determined according to DIN EN 15210-1.
  13. In claim 1, (i) The total dry sulfur content of the biomass solid fuel is 0.15 wt% or less, and the total dry sulfur content is determined according to DIN EN 15289; (ii) The total dry hydrogen content of the biomass solid fuel is 5 wt% or more, and the total dry hydrogen content is determined according to DIN EN 15104; (iii) The total dry oxygen content of the biomass solid fuel is 36 wt% or more, and the total dry oxygen content is determined according to DIN EN 15296; (iv) The total dry carbon content of the biomass solid fuel is 36 wt% or more, and the total dry carbon content is determined according to DIN EN 15104; (v) The total dry nitrogen content of the biomass solid fuel is less than 0.8 wt%, and the total dry nitrogen content is determined according to DIN EN 15104; (vi) when immersed in water, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the solid biomass fuel is 5000 ppm or less, said chemical oxygen demand is determined according to GB/11914-89; (vii) the fixed carbon content of the solid biomass fuel is 25 wt% or more, said fixed carbon content is determined according to DIN EN 51734; (viii) the ash content of the solid biomass fuel is less than 20 wt%, said ash content is determined according to EN 14775 at 550°C; and/or (ix) the volatile matter content of the solid biomass fuel is 42 wt% to 70 wt%, said volatile matter content is determined according to DIN EN 15148, a process for producing solid biomass fuel.
  14. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the solid biomass fuel has a moisture content of less than 8 wt%, said moisture content is determined according to DIN EN 14774; and/or the biomass solid fuel has a calorific value of 4300 kcal/kg to 6500 kcal/kg, said calorific value is determined according to DIN EN 14918.
  15. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the bulk density of the molded biomass product is A, the bulk density of the biomass solid fuel is B, wherein B/A is 0.55 to 1, and the bulk density is determined according to DIN EN 15103; and/or a material derived from biomass is present in the solid biomass fuel in an amount of at least 95 weight percent of the total fuel content of the solid biomass fuel.
  16. A solid biomass fuel obtained or obtainable according to any one of the processes of claims 1 to 15.
  17. delete
  18. As a solid biomass fuel, It is derived from one or more biomass sources, and said one or more biomass sources are: (i) comprising plants from the genus Penicetum, composed of plants, or essentially composed of plants; (ii) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of rice husks and yam; (iii) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of straw and yam; (iv) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of corn stalks and yams; (v) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of penicetum siniselos and rice husks; (vi) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of plants and straw from the genus Penicetum; or (vii) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of, plants from the genus Penicetum and corn stalks, and The above solid biomass fuel is the solid biomass fuel defined in claim 11.
  19. As a solid biomass fuel, It is derived from one or more biomass sources, and said one or more biomass sources are: (i) comprising plants from the genus Penicetum, composed of plants, or essentially composed of plants; (ii) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of rice husks and yam; (iii) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of straw and yam; (iv) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of corn stalks and yams; (v) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of penicetum siniselos and rice husks; (vi) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of plants and straw from the genus Penicetum; or (vii) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of, plants from the genus Penicetum and corn stalks, and The above solid biomass fuel is the solid biomass fuel defined in claim 13.
  20. As a solid biomass fuel, It is derived from one or more biomass sources, and said one or more biomass sources are: (i) comprising plants from the genus Penicetum, composed of plants, or essentially composed of plants; (ii) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of rice husks and yam; (iii) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of straw and yam; (iv) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of corn stalks and yams; (v) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of penicetum siniselos and rice husks; (vi) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of a mixture of plants and straw from the genus Penicetum; or (vii) comprising, composed of, or essentially composed of, plants from the genus Penicetum and corn stalks, and The above solid biomass fuel is the solid biomass fuel defined in claim 14.

Description

Solid biomass fuel production process The present invention relates to a process for producing solid biomass fuel and solid biomass fuel produced by said process. Additionally, the present invention relates to a combustion process comprising the step of burning said solid biomass fuel to produce energy. Coal-fired power generation is used in power plants and industrial processes worldwide. Coal and other fossil fuels are non-renewable energy resources. Over the past few decades, there have been calls to reduce coal consumption in coal-fired power plants and instead use renewable energy resources. Fuels derived from biomass are an example of a renewable energy source that can be used to replace, or at least partially replace, coal. Biomass-derived fuels can be burned in the presence of oxygen in a combustion process power plant to produce energy. Biomass-derived fuels can be burned in traditional power plants originally designed for coal combustion, or they can be burned in power plants specifically constructed for biomass combustion. Biomass in a certain form can be mixed with coal and burned in the same combustion process within a power plant. This process is known as coal co-firing of biomass. To be suitable for co-firing with coal, biomass-derived fuels typically possess homogeneity related to certain properties, such as a certain level of quality. For example, biomass fuels containing particles of homogeneous size, density, moisture content, etc., are particularly desirable in the co-firing process. Additionally, it is desirable for the biomass fuel to contain a low level of ash. The level of ash in biomass-derived fuels is typically higher than that found in coal. Various processes for producing solid biomass fuel from biomass sources are known. WO 2014/087949 discloses a process for producing solid biomass fuel in which a biomass source undergoes a steam explosion before being molded into a biomass block that is heated to form the biomass fuel. The objective of the process is to produce biomass fuel with reduced chemical oxygen demand (COD) in discharged water during storage and sufficient handling properties during storage. The biomass source used in the process is palm kernel shell. WO 2016/056608 is based on the teachings of WO 2014/087949 and discloses a process for producing solid biomass fuel that does not require a steam explosion step to produce the fuel. The process includes a molding step in which a biomass source is crushed before the biomass block is heated, molded into the biomass block, and compressed. The biomass source is wood such as Douglas fir, hemlock, cedar, cypress, red pine, almond tree, almond shell, acacia wood, acacia bark, walnut shell, sago palm, hollow fruit clusters, meranti, and gum. WO 2017/175733 discloses a similar process comprising a molding step in which a biomass source is crushed before being molded into and compressed into a biomass block, before the biomass block is heated. The process of WO 2017/175733 relates to providing a biomass fuel that achieves reduced COD in discharged water and exhibits low disintegration when exposed to rainwater. The biomass source used in the process is selected from rubber tree, acacia, meranti, eucalyptus, teak, and a mixture of larch, spruce, and birch. WO 2019/069849 aims to provide a biomass fuel that is resistant to spontaneous combustion during storage and is easy to transport and store. The biomass fuel is produced by a process comprising a molding step in which a biomass source is molded into a biomass block and crushed before being compressed, before the biomass block is heated. The biomass source for fuel production is selected from a mixture of rubber tree, acacia tree, radiator pine, larch, spruce, and birch; and spruce and fir. WO 2019/069860 describes an apparatus for producing biomass solid fuel. The apparatus comprises a carbonization furnace for carbonizing a molded biomass product to obtain biomass solid fuel. The apparatus further comprises a yield calculation unit, a temperature measurement unit, and a control unit. The control unit controls the heat applied to the carbonization furnace based on the natural combustion properties of the biomass fuel. The molded biomass product is formed by crushing a biomass source into pellets before molding the pellets into the molded biomass product. The biomass source is selected from a mixture of rubber tree, acacia, diphterocarp, radian pine, larch, spruce, and birch, or a mixture of spruce, pine, and fir. WO 2018/181919 describes a process different from the one described above for producing solid biomass fuel. The process includes a hydrothermal carbonization step of biomass in which a biomass source is pressurized in hot water to carbonize the biomass. The process is reported to provide biomass fuel with high pulverability with high yield and reduced manufacturing costs. The biomass source is selected from husks, coconut shells, coconut trees, bamboo, hollow fruit clust