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KR-102962601-B1 - Solid biomass fuel production process

KR102962601B1KR 102962601 B1KR102962601 B1KR 102962601B1KR-102962601-B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for producing solid biomass fuel from rice husk alone or in combination with other materials such as Calliandra callosyrsus or wood, and to solid biomass fuel produced by said process. Additionally, the present invention relates to a combustion process comprising the step of burning said solid biomass fuel to produce energy.

Inventors

  • 바이, 홍 메이

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20200722
Priority Date
20190722

Claims (20)

  1. As a production process for solid biomass fuel, The above process consists of the following steps: (i) a step of providing one or more biomass powders having an average particle size of 1,000 μm to 10,000 μm; (ii) a step of heating one or more of the above biomass powders at a temperature of 160°C to 420°C for a period of 0.25 to 5 hours to provide a heated biomass product; and (iii) a step of molding the heated biomass product to provide solid biomass fuel, and The above one or more biomass powders are derived from one or more biomass sources, wherein the one or more biomass sources comprise: (i) rice husks or are essentially composed of; (ii) a mixture of rice husks and wood or are essentially composed of these; (iii) a mixture of rice husks and Calliandra callothyrsus or is essentially composed of these; or (iv) rice husks and Calliandra callothyrsus in an amount of at least 15 weight percent; Herein, where one or more of the above-mentioned biomass sources consist of rice husks or are essentially composed of them, the material derived from the biomass is present in the solid biomass fuel in an amount of at least 95 weight percent of the total fuel content of the solid biomass fuel; Herein, a process for producing solid biomass fuel having a mechanical durability of 95% or more as determined according to DIN EN 15210-1; and a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 5000 ppm or less when immersed in water as determined according to GB/11914-89.
  2. In claim 1, (a) one or more biomass sources are composed of rice husks or are essentially composed of rice husks; (b) one or more biomass sources further comprise wood, Caliandra callosyrsus, or a combination thereof; or (c) one or more biomass sources are a process for producing solid biomass fuel comprising (i) rice husks and Caliandra callosyrsus, or (ii) rice husks and wood.
  3. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein one or more of the above biomass sources comprise rice husk in an amount of 20% to 80% by weight; and optionally (a) wood in an amount of 20% to 80% by weight; or (b) Caliandra callosyrsus in an amount of 20% to 80% by weight.
  4. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the step (ii) of heating one or more biomass powders is performed for a period of 0.5 to 3 hours, and/or the step of heating one or more biomass powders comprises heating the one or more biomass powders to a temperature of 180 ℃ to 350 ℃, optionally 210 ℃ to 280 ℃.
  5. In claim 1, The above process further comprises a step of cooling the heated biomass product prior to the step (iii) of molding the heated biomass product; or a step (i) of providing one or more biomass powders comprises a step of grinding one or more biomass sources or a step of mixing one or more biomass powders, a process for producing solid biomass fuel.
  6. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the step (ii) of heating one or more biomass powders is adjusted to control the uniformity of the heated biomass product, and the step (ii) of adjusting to control the uniformity of the heated biomass product is performed in a device in which the one or more biomass powders are rotated while being heated, and optionally the step (ii) of adjusting to control the uniformity of the heated biomass product is adjusted to control the direction or speed of rotation of the one or more biomass powders, and optionally the one or more biomass powders are rotated in both counterclockwise and clockwise directions in the device.
  7. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the bulk density of the solid biomass fuel determined according to DIN EN 15103 is 0.40 kg/l to 0.65 kg/l, and/or the mechanical durability of the solid biomass fuel determined according to DIN EN 15210-1 is 95% or more, 96% or more, 97% or more, or 98% or more.
  8. In claim 1, (i) One or more of the above biomass sources include rice husks or are essentially composed of rice husks, the solid biomass fuel has a bulk density of 0.40 kg/L to 0.48 kg/L, and the mechanical durability of the solid biomass fuel is 95% or more; (ii) The above one or more biomass sources comprise a mixture of rice husks and wood, the solid biomass fuel has a bulk density of 0.50 kg/L to 0.65 kg/L, and the mechanical durability of the solid biomass fuel is 95% or more; (iii) The above one or more biomass sources comprise a mixture of rice husk and Callianthra callosyrsus, the solid biomass fuel has a bulk density of 0.45 kg/L to 0.60 kg/L, and the mechanical durability of the solid biomass fuel is 95% or more; A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the bulk density is determined according to DIN EN 15103 and the mechanical durability is determined according to DIN EN 15210-1.
  9. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein (i) the total dry sulfur content of the biomass solid fuel is 0.05 wt% or less, and the total dry sulfur content is determined according to DIN EN 15289; (ii) the total dry hydrogen content of the biomass solid fuel is 5 wt% or more, and the total dry hydrogen content is determined according to DIN EN 15104; (iii) the total dry oxygen content of the biomass solid fuel is 34 wt% or more, and the total dry oxygen content is determined according to DIN EN 15296; (iv) the total dry carbon content of the biomass solid fuel is 40 wt% or more, and the total dry carbon content is determined according to DIN EN 15104; and/or (v) the total dry nitrogen content of the biomass solid fuel is less than 0.5 wt%, and the total dry nitrogen content is determined according to DIN EN 15104.
  10. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein (i) when immersed in water, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the solid biomass fuel is 5000 ppm or less, said chemical oxygen demand is determined according to GB/11914-89; (ii) the fixed carbon content of the solid biomass fuel is 28 wt% or more, said fixed carbon content is determined according to DIN EN 51734; (iii) the ash content of the solid biomass fuel is less than 25 wt%, said ash content is determined according to EN 14775 at 550°C; and/or (iv) the volatile matter content of the solid biomass fuel is 40 wt% to 65 wt%, said volatile matter content is determined according to DIN EN 15148.
  11. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the above process does not include a step of adding coal, an oxidizer, an igniter, or any combination thereof to the heated biomass product before a molding step, and the solid biomass fuel does not include coal, an oxidizer, an igniter, or a combination thereof.
  12. In claim 1, A process for producing solid biomass fuel, wherein the step (ii) of heating one or more biomass powders comprises heating the one or more biomass powders for a period of 30 minutes to 5 hours, optionally 1 hour to 5 hours.
  13. As a solid biomass fuel, Derived from one or more biomass sources, said one or more biomass sources comprising: (i) rice husk or essentially comprising; (ii) a mixture of rice husk and wood or essentially comprising these; (iii) a mixture of rice husk and Caliandra callosyrsus or essentially comprising these; or (iv) comprising at least 15 weight percent of rice husk and Caliandra callosyrsus; Herein, where one or more of the above-mentioned biomass sources consist of rice husks or are essentially composed of rice husks, the material derived from said biomass is present in the solid biomass fuel in an amount of at least 95 weight percent of the total fuel content of the solid biomass fuel; Herein, the solid biomass fuel has a mechanical durability of 95% or more as determined according to DIN EN 15210-1; and a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 5000 ppm or less when immersed in water as determined according to GB/11914-89; Herein, solid biomass fuel is a solid biomass fuel that can be obtained or is obtained by the process according to claim 1.
  14. In claim 13, A solid biomass fuel comprising one or more of the above biomass sources in an amount of 20% to 80% by weight of rice husk; and optionally (a) wood in an amount of 20% to 80% by weight; or (b) Caliandra callosyrsus in an amount of 20% to 80% by weight.
  15. As a combustion process, A combustion process comprising the step of burning a solid biomass fuel according to claim 13 to produce energy; optionally, said solid biomass fuel is co-calcined and burned together with a fossil fuel; and/or PM1.0 emissions of said process are less than 175 mg/kg.
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Description

Solid biomass fuel production process The present invention relates to a process for producing solid biomass fuel and solid biomass fuel produced by said process. Additionally, the present invention relates to a combustion process comprising the step of burning said solid biomass fuel to produce energy. Coal-fired power generation is used in power plants and industrial processes worldwide. Coal and other fossil fuels are non-renewable energy resources. Over the past few decades, there have been calls to reduce coal consumption in coal-fired power plants and instead use renewable energy resources. Fuels derived from biomass are an example of a renewable energy source that can be used to replace, or at least partially replace, coal. Biomass-derived fuels can be burned in the presence of oxygen in a combustion process power plant to produce energy. Biomass-derived fuels can be burned in traditional power plants originally designed for coal combustion, or they can be burned in power plants specifically constructed for biomass combustion. Biomass in a certain form can be mixed with coal and burned in the same combustion process within a power plant. This process is known as coal co-firing of biomass. To be suitable for co-firing with coal, biomass-derived fuels typically possess homogeneity related to certain properties, such as a certain level of quality. For example, biomass fuels containing particles of homogeneous size, density, moisture content, etc., are particularly desirable in the co-firing process. Additionally, it is desirable for the biomass fuel to contain a low level of ash. The level of ash in biomass-derived fuels is typically higher than that found in coal. Various processes for producing solid biomass fuel from biomass sources are known. WO 2014/087949 discloses a process for producing solid biomass fuel in which a biomass source undergoes a steam explosion before being molded into a biomass block that is heated to form the biomass fuel. The objective of the process is to produce biomass fuel with reduced chemical oxygen demand (COD) in discharged water during storage and sufficient handling properties during storage. The biomass source used in the process is palm kernel shell. WO 2016/056608 is based on the teachings of WO 2014/087949 and discloses a process for producing solid biomass fuel that does not require a steam explosion step to produce the fuel. The process includes a molding step in which a biomass source is crushed before the biomass block is heated, molded into the biomass block, and compressed. The biomass source is wood such as Douglas fir, hemlock, cedar, cypress, red pine, almond tree, almond shell, acacia wood, acacia bark, walnut shell, sago palm, hollow fruit clusters, meranti, and gum. WO 2017/175733 discloses a similar process comprising a molding step in which a biomass source is crushed before being molded into and compressed into a biomass block, before the biomass block is heated. The process of WO 2017/175733 relates to providing a biomass fuel that achieves reduced COD in discharged water and exhibits low disintegration when exposed to rainwater. The biomass source used in the process is selected from rubber tree, acacia, meranti, eucalyptus, teak, and a mixture of larch, spruce, and birch. WO 2019/069849 aims to provide a biomass fuel that is resistant to spontaneous combustion during storage and is easy to transport and store. The biomass fuel is produced by a process comprising a molding step in which a biomass source is molded into a biomass block and crushed before being compressed, before the biomass block is heated. The biomass source for fuel production is selected from a mixture of rubber tree, acacia tree, radiator pine, larch, spruce, and birch; and spruce and fir. WO 2019/069860 describes an apparatus for producing biomass solid fuel. The apparatus comprises a carbonization furnace for carbonizing a molded biomass product to obtain biomass solid fuel. The apparatus further comprises a yield calculation unit, a temperature measurement unit, and a control unit. The control unit controls the heat applied to the carbonization furnace based on the natural combustion properties of the biomass fuel. The molded biomass product is formed by crushing a biomass source into pellets before molding the pellets into the molded biomass product. The biomass source is selected from a mixture of rubber tree, acacia, diphterocarp, radian pine, larch, spruce, and birch, or a mixture of spruce, pine, and fir. WO 2018/181919 describes a process different from the one described above for producing solid biomass fuel. The process includes a hydrothermal carbonization step of biomass in which a biomass source is pressurized in hot water to carbonize the biomass. The process is reported to provide biomass fuel with high pulverability with high yield and reduced manufacturing costs. The biomass source is selected from husks, coconut shells, coconut trees, bamboo, hollow fruit clust