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KR-102962895-B1 - Electrochromic gel and device including the same

KR102962895B1KR 102962895 B1KR102962895 B1KR 102962895B1KR-102962895-B1

Abstract

An electrochromic gel comprising 20 to 99 weight% of a polar solvent, 0.5 to 25 weight% of a rheological modifier, and 0.5 to 20 weight% of an electrochromic material. The rheological modifier is dissolved in the polar solvent and forms a gel under ambient conditions upon dissolution.

Inventors

  • 발디세라 케빈 마크
  • 두아르테 니콜라스 벤자민
  • 곤잘레스 아렐라노 데이비드 레오나르도
  • 타카레 다왈 라젠드라

Assignees

  • 피피지 인더스트리즈 오하이오 인코포레이티드

Dates

Publication Date
20260511
Application Date
20221102
Priority Date
20211105

Claims (20)

  1. 20 to 99 weight percent of polar solvent, 0.5 to 25 weight% of a rheology modifying agent, and 0.5 to 20 weight% of electrochromic material As an electrochromic gel comprising, A rheological modifier dissolved in the above polar solvent forms a thermoreversible gel; The above thermoreversible gel is a gel at 25°C and a fluid at 120°C; An electrochromic gel in which the rheological modifier comprises poly(vinylidene fluoride), poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), or a combination thereof.
  2. The electrochromic gel of claim 1, wherein the polar solvent comprises a C1 to C6 alkyl carbonate, a C1 to C6 alkyl phosphate, acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, dimethyl formamide, a C1 to C6 alcohol, water, formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, or a combination thereof.
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  5. An electrochromic gel according to claim 1, wherein the electrochromic material comprises a cathode electrochromic agent and an anode electrochromic agent.
  6. The electrochromic gel of claim 5, wherein the cathode electrochromic agent comprises viologen and derivatives thereof, and the anode electrochromic agent comprises phenazine, a phenazine derivative, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl- p -phenylenediamine, or a combination thereof.
  7. A method for manufacturing an electrochromic gel according to claim 1, A step of forming an electrochromic material solution by combining the electrochromic material and a portion of a polar solvent by mixing under ambient conditions, A step of forming a rheological modifier solution by combining a rheological modifier and a portion of a polar solvent by mixing at a temperature of 30℃ to 120℃, and A step of combining an electrochromic material solution and a rheological modifier solution, and cooling the combined solution to ambient conditions to form an electrochromic gel. Includes, or A step of applying a first conductor onto at least a portion of a first optical substrate, A step of applying a second conductor onto at least a portion of a first optical substrate so that the second conductor does not come into direct contact with the first conductor, and A step of applying a coating layer comprising an electrochromic gel according to claim 1 onto at least a portion of a first optical substrate and optionally onto at least a portion of a second optical substrate, wherein the coating layer is in contact with a first conductor and a second conductor. Includes, or A step of applying a first conductor onto at least a portion of a first optical substrate, A step of applying a coating layer comprising an electrochromic gel according to claim 1 onto at least a portion of a first optical substrate and in contact with a first conductor, Optionally, a step of applying a coating layer comprising an electrochromic gel according to claim 1 onto at least a portion of a second optical substrate, A step of applying a second conductor onto at least a portion of a second optical substrate, and A step of applying a second optical substrate over a first optical substrate, a first conductor, and an electrochromic gel so that the second conductor does not come into direct contact with the first conductor. A method for manufacturing an electrochromic cell comprising
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  9. A method for manufacturing an electrochromic cell according to claim 7, comprising the step of applying a second optical substrate onto a first conductor, a second conductor, and an electrochromic gel.
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  11. In claim 7, A method for manufacturing an electrochromic cell to which one or more of the following apply: (a) The first and second optical substrates are optically transparent substrates, and the first optically transparent substrate and the second optically transparent substrate each independently comprise glass, a flexible polymeric material, and a rigid polymeric material selected from poly(methyl methacrylate), polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, poly(allyl diglyl carbonate), polyurea, polyurethane, polythiourea, polythiourethane, or a combination thereof; (b) one or both of the first and second conductors are independently transparent conductors; (c) The first conductor and the second conductor independently comprise indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, partially octadecyltrichlorosilane-coated indium tin oxide, metal mesh, silver nanowire, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), carbon nanotube, graphene, conductive polymer, or a combination thereof; (d) A coating layer comprising an electrochromic gel applied using a method including draw-down, screen printing, spin coating, spray application, cut and stick, extrusion, casting, inkjet, gravure, roll to roll, or a combination thereof.
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  15. A method for manufacturing an electrochromic cell according to claim 7, wherein the coating layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 12 mil, and the thickness of the coating layer including the electrochromic gel controls the gap between the first substrate and the second substrate.
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  17. A method for manufacturing an electrochromic cell according to claim 7, wherein the visible light transmittance through the electrochromic cell in a transparent state is 50% to 99% when measured using Hunter UltraScan PRO at visible spectrum wavelengths of 380 nm to 780 nm.
  18. In claim 7, A method for manufacturing an electrochromic cell satisfying one or more of the following: (i) the visible light transmittance through the darkened electrochromic cell is 0.00001 to 50% when measured according to ASTM E972 at visible spectral wavelengths of 380 nm to 780 nm; and (ii) haze in the transparent electrochromic cell is 0.05% to 10% when measured using a spectrophotometer or Hunter UltraScan PRO at visible spectrum wavelengths of 380 nm to 780 nm at 25°C.
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  20. A method for manufacturing an electrochromic cell according to claim 7, wherein the electrochromic cell transitions to a completely dark state within 0.1 seconds to 30 minutes when measured using a spectrophotometer or Hunter UltraScan PRO at a visible spectrum wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm at 25°C upon voltage application.

Description

Electrochromic gel and device including the same Cross-reference regarding related applications This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. provisional application 63/276,009 filed November 5, 2021, under 35 U.S.C. 119, titled “Electrochromic gel and apparatus comprising the same,” which is incorporated herein by reference. field This disclosure generally relates to electrochromic gels, optical devices including the same, and methods for manufacturing the same. Electrochromic materials typically placed in cells for use have demonstrated utility in displays, transparent devices, and smart systems for the automotive, aerospace, eyewear, and construction industries. summation This disclosure describes an electrochromic gel comprising 20 to 99 weight% of a polar solvent, 0.5 to 25 weight% of a rheology modifying agent, and 0.5 to 20 weight% of an electrochromic material. The rheology modifying agent is dissolved in the polar solvent and forms a thermoreversible gel under ambient conditions upon dissolution. FIG. 1 is a non-limiting depiction of transmittance over time during the operation of an electrochromic cell according to the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a non-limiting example of an electrochromic device according to the present disclosure, which is not drawn in a fixed proportion. FIG. 3 is a non-limiting example of an electrochromic device according to the present disclosure, which is not drawn in a fixed proportion. FIG. 4 is a non-limiting example of an electrochromic device according to the present disclosure, which is not drawn in a fixed proportion. FIG. 5 is a non-limiting example of an electrochromic device according to the present disclosure, which is not drawn in a fixed proportion. FIG. 6 is a non-limiting example of an electrochromic device according to the present disclosure, which is not drawn in a fixed proportion. FIG. 7 is a non-limiting example of an electrochromic device according to the present disclosure, which is not drawn in a fixed proportion. FIG. 8 is a non-limiting example of an electrochromic device according to the present disclosure, which is not drawn in a fixed proportion. FIG. 9 is a graph of viscosity versus shear rate according to the present disclosure. Figure 10 is a graph showing the relationship between complex viscosity and temperature over time according to the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, temperature and pressure conditions are ambient temperature (22°C), relative humidity of 30%, and standard pressure of 101.3 kPa (1 atm). Unless otherwise specified, any term including parentheses refers, alternatively, to the full term and the term without parentheses, as in the case where parentheses are present, and combinations of each alternative. Accordingly, as used herein, the terms “(meth)acrylate” and similar terms include acrylates, methacrylates, and mixtures thereof. Unless otherwise explicitly specified, it should be understood that this disclosure may assume various alternative variations and sequences of steps. Accordingly, unless otherwise specified, the numeric parameters described in the following specification and the appended claims are approximations that may vary depending on the desired characteristics to be obtained. At a minimum, and not in an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the claims, each numeric parameter should be interpreted in terms of at least the recorded significant digits and by applying general rounding techniques. Although the numerical ranges and parameters describing the broad scope of this disclosure are approximations, the numerical values described in specific embodiments are recorded as accurately as possible. However, all figures inherently contain certain errors arising from the standard deviation found in each test measurement. Additionally, it should be understood that any numerical range listed herein is intended to include all sub-ranges contained therein. For example, the range “1 to 10” is intended to include all sub-ranges between (and including) the listed minimum value 1 and the listed maximum value 10, that is, to have a minimum value of 1 or greater and a maximum value of 10 or less. All ranges are comprehensive and combinable. For example, the term “range of 0.06 to 0.25 wt%, or range of 0.06 to 0.08 wt%” will include 0.06 to 0.25 wt%, 0.06 to 0.08 wt%, and 0.08 to 0.25 wt%, respectively. Additionally, given a range, any endpoint of such range and/or any number listed within such range may be combined within the scope of the present disclosure. As used herein, unless otherwise explicitly specified, any number, such as a number representing a value, range, amount, or percentage, may be read as if preceded by the word “about,” even if the term is not explicitly stated. Unless otherwise stated, the plural includes the singular, and vice versa. As used herein, the term “including” and similar terms mean “including but not limited thereto.” Similarly, as used he