KR-102963045-B1 - Intelligent Non-Powered Sequential Growth Control System

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system, comprising a non-powered automatic pump unit (10) utilizing a daily temperature difference and a multi-layered capsule-type fertilizer (400). The above-mentioned non-powered automatic pump unit (10) is characterized by a feedback loop that actively controls the amount of water supplied once by the control unit (60) operating the inlet device (50) based on information received from the humidity sensor (70) of the flowerpot (200) to adjust the volume of air inside the automatic pump unit. The above capsule-type fertilizer (400) controls the timing of nutrient release by including an oxygen blocking layer (1st layer) and an oxidative decomposition timer layer (3rd layer, 6th layer), and accelerates the physical breakdown of the timer layer using a water-soluble cavity forming layer (4th layer, 7th layer) and a foaming agent. In particular, the above fertilizer is configured to sequentially release nutrients for early growth, nutrients for late growth, and microbial spores (Layer 8) for decomposing soil residues after harvest in accordance with the growth cycle. This system integrates an energy-independent power source with sensor-based precision control to provide a system that autonomously manages the supply of water and nutrients necessary for plant growth.

Inventors

• 황보민

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20251121

Claims (2)

1. The invention relates to an intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system comprising a non-powered automatic watering device (100) and a capsule-type fertilizer (400), wherein the non-powered automatic watering device supplies water to plants and the capsule-type fertilizer (400) supplies nutrients to plants. The above-mentioned non-powered automatic water supply device (100) is, An automatic pump unit (10) having an internal space formed and an exterior made of a hard material that is not deformed by internal air pressure; A first valve (21) located at the bottom of the automatic pump unit (10), which opens when the internal air of the automatic pump unit (10) expands and the air pressure increases when the temperature rises during the day, thereby moving the water of the automatic pump unit (10) downward; A second valve (22) located at the top of the automatic pump unit (10), which opens to supply water to the inside of the automatic pump unit (10) in a downward direction when the internal air of the automatic pump unit (10) contracts and the air pressure decreases as the temperature drops at night; A first tube (31) with one end connected to the second valve (22) above; It includes a water tank (40) that is coupled to the other end of the first tube (31), is located on the upper part of the automatic pump unit (10), and stores water; The above water tank (40) has a body made of a flexible material and is sealed in a way that is blocked from external air. The above automatic pump unit (10) is in the form in which a second pipe (12) is inserted inside a first pipe (11), and is characterized in that when the second pipe (12) is withdrawn from the first pipe (11) to the outside, the internal space of the automatic pump unit (10) expands and the amount of air increases. An inlet device (50) is coupled to the above automatic pump unit (10) so that the first pipe (11) can be drawn out or drawn in from the second pipe (12). A control unit (60) is coupled to the above-mentioned inlet device (50) to control the above-mentioned inlet device (50), and A humidity sensor (70) is coupled to the flowerpot (200) and is connected to the control unit (60) via communication. The humidity sensor (70) transmits humidity information inside the flowerpot (200) to the control unit (60), and the control unit (60) operates the intake device (50) based on the humidity information to control the amount of air inside the automatic pump unit (10). A third valve (23) that is opened and closed by the control unit (60) is further coupled to the first pipe (11), and The above control unit (60) is characterized by operating the above inlet device (50) to draw out the second pipe (12) from the first pipe (11), and opening the third valve (23) so that external air flows into the interior of the automatic pump unit (10). The exterior of the above automatic pump unit (10) is black, and The lower part of the first valve (21) is further characterized by having a second tube (32) connected thereto to guide water passing through the first valve (21) to a flowerpot (200). The first valve (21) and the second valve (22) are characterized by having their sensitivity adjusted so that they open and close within a set daily temperature range. The above capsule-type fertilizer (400) is, 8th layer (428) located in the center and composed of microbial spores or decomposition enzymes that promote the decomposition of plant roots; A seventh layer (427) of a water-soluble material that surrounds the outer surface of the eighth layer (428) and dissolves upon contact with moisture to form a second cavity between the eighth layer (428) and the outer layer, thereby accelerating the structural collapse of the outer layer; A sixth layer (426) made of an oxidatively degradable resin that covers the outer surface of the seventh layer (427) and decomposes and cracks upon contact with oxygen in the air due to an oxidation reaction; A fifth layer (425) covering the outer surface of the sixth layer (426) and containing a second nutrient necessary for the later growth of the plant; A fourth layer (424) of a water-soluble material that surrounds the outer surface of the fifth layer (425) and dissolves upon contact with moisture to form a first cavity between the fifth layer (425) and the outer layer, thereby accelerating the structural collapse of the outer layer; A third layer (423) made of an oxidatively degradable resin that covers the outer surface of the above fourth layer (424) and decomposes and cracks upon contact with oxygen in the air due to an oxidation reaction; A second layer (422) covering the outer surface of the third layer (423) and containing a first nutrient necessary for the initial growth of a plant; and A first layer (421) that surrounds the outer surface of the second layer (422) and is made of a water-soluble material that dissolves in water, and has oxygen barrier properties that block the third layer (423) from coming into contact with external air; comprising The above-mentioned fourth layer (424) comprises at least one of starch and sugars, rapidly dissolves due to moisture introduced through cracks in the third layer (423), thereby physically accelerating the collapse of the third layer (423). The above 7th layer (427) comprises at least one of starch and sugars, rapidly dissolves due to moisture introduced through the cracks in the 6th layer (426), thereby physically promoting the collapse of the 6th layer (426). The above-mentioned fourth layer (424) further includes a foaming agent, and the foaming agent reacts with moisture that has penetrated through the cracks in the third layer (423) to generate carbon dioxide gas, thereby increasing the pressure inside the first cavity and accelerating the physical crushing of the third layer (423) which has been oxidized and weakened. The above-mentioned seventh layer (427) further includes a foaming agent, and the foaming agent reacts with moisture that has penetrated through the cracks in the sixth layer (426) to generate carbon dioxide gas, thereby increasing the pressure inside the second cavity and accelerating the physical fracture of the sixth layer (426) which has been oxidized and weakened. The second layer (422) has a composition in which the nitrogen (N) content required during the vegetative growth period of a plant is higher than the phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) content, and the fifth layer (425) has a composition in which the phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) content required during the reproductive growth period of a plant is higher than the nitrogen (N) content, and the decomposition time of the third layer (423) is set to correspond to the period of transition from the vegetative growth period to the reproductive growth period. An intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system characterized in that the 6th layer (426) is composed of an oxidatively degradable resin that is set to have a slower oxidative decomposition rate than the 3rd layer (423) and collapses after the plant harvest.
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Description

Intelligent Non-Powered Sequential Growth Control System The present invention relates to an intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system, and more specifically, to an intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system that organically combines a device for automatically supplying water without power using the principle of air expansion and contraction according to temperature changes, and a capsule-type fertilizer that sequentially releases essential nutrients and soil-reducing microorganisms in stages according to the crop growth cycle. Modern people often leave their homes for extended periods, leading to the problem of household plants drying out and dying due to a failure to water them in a timely manner. Conventional automatic watering systems utilizing electric timers or humidity sensors have disadvantages, such as requiring a separate power supply, having complex structures, and being expensive. Furthermore, in the agricultural sector, the key to fertilizer application is supplying appropriate nutrients according to the crop's growth stage; however, due to labor shortages, applying fertilizer multiple times poses a significant burden. The slow-release fertilizers used to address this issue merely delayed the release time, making it difficult to 'switch' the supply of specific components according to the growth cycle. Furthermore, conventional oxidative decomposition fertilizers posed a risk of unintended premature release during actual use because oxygen from the air penetrated into them during storage, causing premature oxidation. Therefore, there is a growing need for an integrated system that supplies water without electricity, maintains stability during storage, and automatically manages the entire lifecycle, from crop growth stages to post-harvest soil management. - Related Prior Art - 1. Korean Patent Application No. 10-2005-0002427 (Watering potted plants using air pressure control inside a PET bottle) 2. Korean Patent Application No. 10-2012-0124170 (Flowerpot with watering function) 3. Korean Patent Application No. 10-2018-03110543 (Photodegradable capsule for controlled-release fertilizer and controlled-release fertilizer containing the same) 4. Korean Patent Application No. 10-2018-0160288 (Dissolution-controlled fertilizer) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a non-powered automatic watering device (100) in an intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a capsule-type fertilizer in an intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the form in which a cavity (3141) is formed in a capsule-type fertilizer in an intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a care capsule-type fertilizer in an intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. The intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system of this embodiment consists of a non-powered automatic watering device and a capsule-type fertilizer. With this intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system, nutrients (fertilizer) and water are automatically supplied even when plants are left for a long time, making it easier to grow them. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a non-powered automatic watering device (100) in an intelligent non-powered sequential growth control system according to one embodiment of the present invention. The watering device (100) according to the present invention is a device for automatically supplying water to a flowerpot (200) and is largely composed of an automatic pump unit (10), a first valve (21), a second valve (22), and a water tank (40). The above automatic pump unit (10) provides a space in which a certain amount of water and air are sealed and stored together. An example in which water fills about 1/3 of the space is shown in FIG. 1. It is preferable that the body of the above automatic pump unit (10) be made of a rigid material. If the body is made of a flexible material such as a PET bottle, it expands or contracts when the internal air pressure changes, thereby absorbing the pressure change, making it difficult for the valves (21, 22) to operate normally. Therefore, it must be made of a rigid material so that the change in internal air pressure can be fully transmitted to the opening and closing of the valves. If the exterior of the automatic pump unit (10) is painted black, the temperature of the air inside the automatic pump unit (10) can be rapidly increased when exposed to sunlight. The first valve (21) is coupled to the lower part of the automatic pump unit (10).