KR-102963587-B1 - An automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metals and permanent magnets from waste motors and an automatic sorting method using the system

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metals and permanent magnets from waste motors and an automatic sorting method using said system, and more particularly to an automatic sorting system for separating and sorting each metal and permanent magnet from waste motors including iron, copper, aluminum, and permanent magnets, and an automatic sorting method using said system. The automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metal and permanent magnet from a waste motor according to the present invention comprises: a crusher for crushing the waste motor; a magnetic separator for separating the crushed particles crushed through the crusher into a component that adheres to a magnet and a component that does not adhere to a magnet; a centrifugal separator for separating the component that does not adhere to a magnet separated through the magnetic separator into a component with low specific gravity and a component with high specific gravity; and an eddy current separator for separating the component with high specific gravity into a component that forms eddy currents well and a component that does not form eddy currents well by the centrifugal separator.

Inventors

• 김민진

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20250819

Claims (7)

1. Shredder for crushing waste motors; A magnetic separator that separates crushed particles, crushed through the above-mentioned crusher, into components that stick to a magnet and components that do not stick to a magnet; A centrifugal separator that separates components that do not adhere to magnets, separated through the above magnetic separator, into components with low specific gravity and components with high specific gravity; It includes an eddy current separator that separates the high-specific-density component separated by the above-mentioned centrifugal separator into a component that forms eddy currents well and a component that does not form eddy currents well; The above crusher includes a first crusher that crushes waste motors into crushed particles having a particle size of 500 mm or less, and a second crusher that crushes the particles crushed by the first crusher to have a particle size of 35 mm or less. An automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metal and permanent magnet from waste motors, characterized in that the magnetic separator comprises first and second magnetic separators, wherein the first magnetic separator adsorbs and separates iron and permanent magnet components from crushed particles, and the second magnetic separator adsorbs and separates iron components from the iron and permanent magnet components.
2. delete
3. delete
4. In claim 1, The above-mentioned second magnetic separator is characterized by having a lower magnetic force compared to the first magnetic separator. Automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metals and permanent magnets from waste motors. Automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metals and permanent magnets from waste motors.
5. In claim 4, The first magnetic separator is equipped with a permanent magnet, and the second magnetic separator is equipped with an electromagnet, characterized in that Automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metals and permanent magnets from waste motors.
6. In claim 1, Characterized by having a magnet provided in the input port of the above-mentioned eddy current separator, Automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metals and permanent magnets from waste motors.
7. A method for separating and sorting metal and permanent magnet components from a waste motor using an automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metal and permanent magnet from a waste motor according to any one of claims 1, 4 to 6.

Description

An automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metals and permanent magnets from waste motors and an automatic sorting method using the system The present invention relates to an automatic sorting system and an automatic sorting method for separating and sorting metals and permanent magnets from discarded motors, and more specifically, to an automatic sorting system and method for crushing discarded and collected motors to separate and sort them into metals such as iron, copper, and aluminum and permanent magnets. The following description provides only background information related to the present invention and does not constitute prior art. Motors are used as core drive devices in various fields, including electric vehicles, home appliances, industrial machinery, and information devices, and the amount of waste motors generated after use is continuously increasing. Waste motors contain a large amount of materials of high economic value, such as metals and rare resources like iron, copper, aluminum, and rare earth magnet raw materials (neodymium, praseodymium, etc.), so various methods have been developed to collect and recover them. The most basic method for recycling waste motors involves disassembling the motor to separate the rotor, stator, and coils, and recovering metal from each component; however, this method has the problem that it requires a long time and high dismantling costs, and is difficult to apply to small motors with complex structures. To solve these problems, a method is used in which waste motors are crushed in bulk, ferrous metals are recovered using a magnetic separator, and non-ferrous metals (copper, aluminum, etc.) are recovered through gravity separation or eddy current separation. However, there is a problem in that permanent magnets containing rare earth elements are recovered together with ferrous metals, resulting in lower purity, and copper windings are mixed with insulating resin, reducing separation efficiency. Therefore, there is a need to develop a method to separate and sort metal and permanent magnet components from waste motors with a simpler process, at a lower cost, and with high purity. FIG. 1 illustrates an example of an automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metal and permanent magnets from waste motors according to the present invention. The terms used in this specification are for describing the embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. In this specification, the singular form includes the plural form unless specifically stated otherwise in the text. As used in this specification, "comprises" does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other components in addition to the components mentioned. Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) may be used in a meaning commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Furthermore, terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are not to be interpreted ideally or excessively unless explicitly and specifically defined otherwise. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings so that a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily practice the invention. However, the present invention may be embodied in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In the present invention, waste motors may include motors discharged or collected from various sources such as electric vehicles, home appliances, industrial machinery, and information devices, and are not limited in size, such as large, medium, or small motors. Waste motors may contain not only metal components such as iron, copper, aluminum, and stainless steel, but also permanent magnets containing rare earth components, and impurities such as various types of synthetic resins, plastics, insulating materials, and composite materials contained in motor parts. Therefore, it is not easy to separate and sort metal components and permanent magnets by type from waste motors containing the various components mentioned above, and it is even more difficult to separate and sort metal components and permanent magnets with a high recovery rate and high purity. The automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metals and permanent magnets from waste motors according to the present invention can separate and collect iron, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, and permanent magnet components from waste motors with high purity and high recovery rate through a simple process and at a low cost. An automatic sorting system for separating and sorting metal and permanent magnets from waste motors according to the present invention includes a crusher that crushes collected waste motors into a certain size. The above shredder is not limited to any device that crushes and shreds waste motors to make them separable and sortable, but