KR-102964644-B1 - Electric Vehicle Charging and Parking Booth System for Fire Spread Prevention

Abstract

The present invention relates to a charging and parking booth system for electric vehicles for preventing the occurrence and spread of fire, and is characterized by comprising: a container in which an electric vehicle is charged and parked inside, with an opening and closing door installed on the front to allow entry and exit of the electric vehicle; a plurality of sensors that detect whether heat is generated while charging while the vehicle is parked inside the container; and a water tank installed on the top of the container to supply water so that the parked electric vehicle is submerged. By rapidly detecting and automatically suppressing a fire that may occur during the charging and parking of the electric vehicle, the occurrence of the fire is prevented. The sealed container structure blocks the external spread of the fire, and fire extinguishing water is rapidly supplied through an automated system linked with sensors and a controller to prevent secondary damage caused by thermal runaway. Additionally, a fire alarm is immediately issued through a fire receiver, allowing a manager to quickly recognize the situation and respond, thereby increasing the safety of the electric vehicle and surrounding facilities.

Inventors

• 김영문

Dates

Publication Date

20260513

Application Date

20240925

Claims (5)

1. A container (10) in which an opening/closing door (13) is installed on the front to allow entry and exit of an electric vehicle, which is raised and lowered by the operation of a door opener (12) and can be opened and closed, and in which charging and parking of an electric vehicle take place inside; A plurality of sensors (20) that detect fire signs, such as heat, smoke, and gas, of an electric vehicle parked inside the container (10) in real time; A water tank (30) installed on the upper part of the above container (10) to supply fire extinguishing water into the container; comprising, The above container (10) is configured to be watertightly sealed to the container body (11) when the opening/closing door (13) is lowered and closed at the front of the container body (11) to prevent leakage of fire extinguishing water. When the above-mentioned plurality of sensors (20) detect in real time whether there is heat in the battery and apply a detection signal to the controller, the controller lowers the opening/closing door (13) and firmly fixes it to the container body (11), thereby controlling the submersion of the electric vehicle while maintaining a watertight state even when pressure is applied by the fire extinguishing water rapidly injected into the interior. A hook (14) to which a towing hook is connected is provided in the part where the opening/closing door (13) of the container body (11) is installed, and Rotatable wheels (15) are installed on both sides of the corners of the other end where the above-mentioned ring (14) is installed, so that although the container (10) cannot be moved independently, it can be moved a short distance while one side is lifted by a tow truck or the like, and is configured to be moved from a location where there is a risk of fire spreading to another location. The above water tank (30) supplies fire extinguishing water through a plurality of supply valves (31) at the bottom to quickly suppress a fire that occurs inside the container (10), and A charging and parking booth system for an electric vehicle for preventing fire occurrence and spread, characterized by being configured to continuously supply fire extinguishing water into the container (10) through a fire extinguishing water connection pipe (32) to prevent re-ignition caused by thermal runaway of the battery even after the fire is extinguished, thereby maintaining the battery in a completely submerged state at all times by replenishing the internal water level that drops due to the high temperature reaction of the battery and the vaporization of the fire extinguishing water, thereby suppressing thermal runaway and blocking the possibility of re-ignition.
2. In paragraph 1, The above container (10) is, A charging and parking booth system for an electric vehicle for preventing fire occurrence and spread, characterized by comprising: a container body (11) in which an electric vehicle is parked with its front and top open; and a door opener (12) installed on one side of the upper part of the container body (11) and which drives a watertight opening/closing door (13) to be in close contact with the front of the container body (11) by an electrical signal applied from the controller.
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4. In paragraph 1, The above opening/closing door (13) is, A charging and parking booth system for an electric vehicle for preventing fire occurrence and spread, characterized in that when at least one of the plurality of sensors (20) detects that an electric vehicle has entered and is positioned inside the container (10) and determines that parking is complete, the controller applies a signal to the door opener (12) to completely close the front of the container body (11).
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Description

Electric Vehicle Charging and Parking Booth System for Fire Spread Prevention The present invention relates to a charging and parking booth system for electric vehicles for preventing the occurrence and spread of fire, and more specifically, to a charging and parking booth system for electric vehicles for preventing the occurrence and spread of fire that is used as a parking booth for charging and parking electric vehicles in normal times, and can suppress the fire caused by thermal runaway of the battery and prevent its spread when a fire occurs during charging or parking. With the recent rapid proliferation of electric vehicles, charging systems are being installed in parking lots of multi-unit dwellings such as apartments; however, as the number of electric vehicles increases every year, vehicle fire accidents are also rising. Lithium-ion batteries installed in electric vehicles are chemical energy storage devices in which lithium ions are charged and discharged through a positive and negative electrode. Compared to other types of batteries, they offer faster charging and higher power density, allowing for extended operation and enabling relatively smaller volume and lighter weight. Furthermore, they do not exhibit the "memory effect," where operating time decreases if charged before complete discharge; they are environmentally friendly and require relatively lower maintenance costs. However, they have the disadvantage of being vulnerable to fire compared to other types of batteries. Battery fires are primarily caused by thermal runaway in battery cells. Thermal runaway refers to a chemical reaction in which a highly oxidizing anode and a highly reducing cathode come into contact, resulting in rapid self-heating. When thermal runaway occurs, the battery cell releases stored energy very quickly, and the more energy charged in the cell, the more vigorously the thermal runaway reaction takes place. In particular, because lithium-ion batteries have a higher energy density than other batteries, thermal runaway occurs very rapidly. Causes of thermal runaway include overcharging, over-discharging, internal short circuits, poor terminal contact, charging failures, mechanical shock, and electrical shock. When thermal runaway occurs, the internal pressure of the lithium-ion battery increases and the internal electrolyte vaporizes; subsequently, the battery expands, causing the electrolyte to erupt and generate white smoke and off-gas. As the hydrogen concentration rises, it develops into a metal fire accompanied by an explosion and a loud bang. A fire caused by thermal runaway continues until all the energy stored in the battery is released, even if the oxygen required for combustion is cut off, and releases large quantities of various toxic and flammable gases along with the fire. Electric vehicles are manufactured by packaging lithium-ion battery cells and are installed in the lower part of the vehicle, so fire cannot be suppressed by conventional fire extinguishing systems. Although fire extinguishing equipment is installed inside, when a fire occurs, the temperature rises to over 1100℃ and spreads to metal fires, making early suppression difficult. There is also a problem in that the fire and toxic gases spread rapidly to surrounding combustible materials and buildings. To solve these problems, conventional registered patent publication No. 10-2504119 utilizes a barrier to conceal an electric vehicle that has caught fire, thereby preventing flames from spreading to the surroundings when a fire occurs; however, there are limitations in ensuring the rigidity of the support frame and in suppressing the fire in the electric vehicle in its early stages through the use of general sprinklers. Additionally, registered patent publication No. 10-2503331 adopts an open-type tank in the form of a cage for early suppression, but it has been difficult to ensure airtightness in parking environments with uneven floor surfaces due to the weight of the open-type tank alone, and it has been difficult to prevent the spread of toxic gases. FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating a charging and parking booth system for an electric vehicle for preventing the occurrence and spread of fire according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a drawing illustrating the state of an electric vehicle being charged inside the container of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating the state of submerging an electric vehicle when heat is generated from the battery of the electric vehicle inside the container of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a drawing showing the container of FIG. 1 with a hook and a wheel installed. Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, detailed descriptions of known functions or known configurations that may obscure the essence of the invention in the following description and the accompanying drawings are omitted. Additionally, it should be noted that identica