KR-102965191-B1 - CHAMBER FOR TESTING A THERMAL PROPAGATION

Abstract

A heat transfer experimental chamber according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a chamber body having an open top, a first space for accommodating a battery cell stack, and a second space separated from the first space by a partition wall, and an upper plate coupled to cover the open top of the chamber body.

Inventors

• 강용희
• 이수림
• 류지훈
• 윤여민
• 조성주

Assignees

• 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션

Dates

Publication Date

20260513

Application Date

20210504

Claims (10)

1. A chamber body having an opening at the top, comprising a first space for accommodating a battery cell stack and a second space separated from the first space by a partition wall. An upper plate coupled to cover the opening of the chamber body, and It includes a reinforcing plate interposed between the chamber body and the upper plate, and The chamber body includes a lower surface and a side surface to surround the first space and the second space, and the upper surface facing the lower surface forms the opening. It includes a first frame portion that surrounds the edge of the opening and extends vertically from the side, The reinforcing plate includes a reinforcing layer covering the opening in the portion corresponding to the first space, and The above reinforcing plate is a heat transfer experimental chamber combined with the above first frame part.
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4. In paragraph 1, The above reinforcing plate is a heat transfer experimental chamber comprising a second frame portion that overlaps with the first frame portion.
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6. In paragraph 1, A heat transfer experimental chamber in which the reinforcing plate includes an opening communicating with the second space in the portion corresponding to the second space, without covering the opening.
7. In Paragraph 4, A heat transfer experimental chamber comprising a recessed groove formed to create a space through which wiring electrically connected to the configuration inside the first space passes, wherein the second frame portion is a heat transfer experimental chamber.
8. In Paragraph 4, A heat transfer experimental chamber in which the chamber body, the reinforcing plate, and the upper plate are joined by a plurality of first fastening holes and second fastening holes formed corresponding to the first and second frame portions, respectively, and a plurality of third fastening holes formed corresponding to the second fastening holes along the edge of the upper plate at a position corresponding to the second frame portion, by means of a fastening member.
9. In paragraph 1, A heat transfer experimental chamber in which a connecting hole between the first space and the second space is formed in the above bulkhead, and the connecting hole is blocked by a pair of shutters.
10. In Paragraph 9, A heat transfer experimental chamber in which each of the above pair of shutters is attached to both sides of the above bulkhead to cover the connecting hole, and a plurality of connecting members are connected to a plurality of connecting holes penetrating the above pair of shutters and the above bulkhead.

Description

Chamber for Testing a Thermal Propagation The present invention relates to a heat transfer experimental chamber, and more specifically, to a heat transfer experimental chamber capable of performing heat transfer experiments on battery modules and battery packs in a more diverse and safe manner. In modern society, as the use of portable devices such as mobile phones, laptops, camcorders, and digital cameras has become commonplace, the development of technologies related to such mobile devices is becoming active. Furthermore, rechargeable secondary batteries are being utilized as power sources for electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (P-HEVs) as a solution to address air pollution caused by conventional gasoline vehicles using fossil fuels; consequently, the need for the development of secondary batteries is increasing. Currently commercialized rechargeable batteries include nickel-cadmium, nickel-hydrogen, nickel-zinc, and lithium-ion batteries. Among these, lithium-ion batteries are gaining attention for their advantages, such as the ability to charge and discharge freely with almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries, a very low self-discharge rate, and high energy density. These lithium secondary batteries primarily use lithium-based oxides and carbon materials as the positive and negative active materials, respectively. The lithium secondary battery comprises an electrode assembly in which a positive plate and a negative plate, each coated with the positive and negative active materials, are arranged with a separator in between, and a battery case that seals and houses the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte. Generally, lithium secondary batteries can be classified according to the shape of the casing into can-type secondary batteries, in which the electrode assembly is embedded in a metal can, and pouch-type secondary batteries, in which the electrode assembly is embedded in a pouch of aluminum laminate sheet. In the case of secondary batteries used in small devices, 2 to 3 battery cells are arranged, whereas in the case of secondary batteries used in medium to large devices such as automobiles, battery modules in which multiple battery cells are electrically connected are used. In such battery modules, capacity and output are improved by connecting multiple battery cells in series or parallel to form a stack of battery cells. One or more battery modules can be mounted together with various control and protection systems, such as a Battery Disconnect Unit (BDU), a Battery Management System (BMS), and a cooling system, to form a battery pack. Meanwhile, while lithium secondary batteries have excellent electrical characteristics, they have the problem of low safety. For example, in abnormal operating conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, exposure to high temperatures, or electrical short circuits, decomposition reactions of battery components such as active materials and electrolytes are induced, generating heat and gas. The resulting high temperature and high pressure conditions further accelerate these decomposition reactions, eventually leading to ignition or explosion. The safety issues associated with these lithium-ion batteries are even more severe in medium-to-large cell modules that utilize a large number of cells. This is because the use of multiple cells in such modules can trigger a chain reaction in some cells, potentially leading to ignition and explosion that could result in a major accident. As a result, there is a growing need for safety assessments regarding overcharging and high-temperature exposure of medium-to-large cell modules, and in particular, there is a need to measure pressure and other factors during explosions of medium-to-large cell modules. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional apparatus for a heat transfer simulation experiment. Referring to FIG. 1, a heat transfer simulation test device (1) for verifying the safety evaluation of a conventional battery module and battery pack in a single experiment is configured to apply heat locally by placing a heating pad (40) at the bottom of the first battery cell (21) while three battery cells (21, 22, 23) are stacked between a pair of aluminum plates (11, 12). The second battery cell (22) is placed adjacent to the first battery cell (21) which is directly heated in this manner, so that the influence on the adjacent battery cell can be verified, and this can be simulated as heat transfer at the module level. In addition, the third battery cell (23) is placed between the second battery cell (22) and an insulating member (30), so that the influence between the isolated battery cells can be verified, and this can be simulated as heat transfer at the battery pack level. In addition, a temperature sensor (60) can be attached to each layer to check the temperature of the battery cell and thermal runaway due to heating, and a press