KR-20260062117-A - Composition for Prevention and Treatment of Fish Diseases

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition for the prevention or treatment/symptom improvement of fish diseases that is derived from natural products, can be used safely without toxicity, and has a protective effect against the causative pathogens of fish diseases that occur most frequently in the fish farming industry. More specifically, the invention relates to a composition for the prevention and treatment/symptom improvement of fish diseases involving interferon induction selected from the group consisting of viral infections, bacterial infections, parasitic infections, and immune diseases, using a red pea extract as an active ingredient.

Inventors

• 송재찬
• 김재화
• 박재명
• 이미영
• 장영성
• 김충현
• 김연성

Assignees

• 필리아바이오 주식회사

Dates

Publication Date

20260507

Application Date

20241025

Claims (4)

1. A composition for the prevention and treatment of fish diseases involving interferon induction selected from the group consisting of viral infections, bacterial infections, parasitic infections, and immune diseases, using a red pea flower extract as an active ingredient.
2. In claim 1, A composition for the prevention and treatment of fish diseases, characterized in that the above-mentioned red daisy extract is an extract derived from a callus or a culture of a callus derived from the stem, root, leaf, or flower of a red daisy or one or more of the tissues thereof.
3. In claim 2, A composition for the prevention and treatment of fish diseases, characterized in that the above-mentioned red bean flower extract is a dried powder or a juice, or is extracted using water, a C1-C3 alcohol, or a mixture thereof as a solvent.
4. In claim 3, A composition for the prevention and treatment of fish diseases, characterized in that the stem, root, leaf, flower, or callus or culture of the above-mentioned red pea tree is a biological, dried, frozen, or fermented product.

Description

Composition for Prevention and Treatment of Fish Diseases The present invention relates to a composition for the prevention or treatment/symptom improvement of fish diseases, which is derived from natural products, can be used safely without toxicity, and has a protective effect against the causative pathogens of fish diseases that occur most frequently in the fish farming industry. Specifically, the present invention relates to a composition that can be used for the prevention and treatment of fish diseases involving interferon induction, particularly viral infections, bacterial infections, parasitic infections, and immune diseases, using an extract of the red pea tree as an active ingredient. In fish, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) functions as an important immunomodulatory cytokine, similar to that in mammals. IFN-γ regulates innate and adaptive immune responses, activates macrophages, and increases the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. It also possesses antiviral activity, regulates inflammatory responses, enhances cell-mediated immunity through the activation of T cells and NK cells, and exhibits antimicrobial activity. Through these diverse functions, IFN-γ strengthens the overall immune system of fish and improves defense capabilities against various pathogens (Non-patent Literature 1, 2). These functions of IFN-γ play an important role in the prevention and treatment of several major fish diseases. Viral diseases include infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN), viral hemorrhagic sepsis (VHS), and vernal viremia in carp (SVC), while bacterial diseases include bacterial nephropathy of salmon (BKD), eddyosis, and vibriosis. It is also involved in parasitic infections such as white spot disease and cryptocarionosis. IFN-γ contributes to the prevention and treatment of these diseases by regulating and enhancing the immune response (Non-patent Literature 3, 4). Currently, conventional prevention and treatment methods for fish diseases include the use of antibiotics, vaccination, chemotherapy, water quality management, and hygiene improvement. However, each of these methods has its limitations. The use of antibiotics can lead to the development of resistance and environmental pollution, while vaccination is not applicable to all diseases and is expensive. Chemotherapy raises concerns regarding environmental pollution and toxicity to fish, and water quality management and hygiene improvement are difficult to achieve perfectly in large-scale aquaculture farms. Due to these limitations, there is a need for safer and more effective alternatives (Non-patent Literature 5). Immunostimulation through IFN-γ enhancement is attracting attention as a new approach to solving these problems. Major methods for increasing IFN-γ in fish include administering recombinant IFN-γ protein or injecting plasmid DNA containing the IFN-γ gene, using immunostimulants such as β-glucan, LPS, and Poly I:C, adding antioxidants to feed, and vaccinating against specific pathogens (Non-patent Literature 6, 7, 8). However, these methods for amplifying IFN-γ each have their own drawbacks. Recombinant proteins or gene injection are expensive and difficult to apply on a large scale, while immunostimulants carry the risk of excessive immune responses or the development of resistance. The addition of antioxidants has a limited direct amplifying effect on IFN-γ, and vaccination is limited in that it cannot be applied to all diseases. In conclusion, while IFN-γ in fish performs important immune-modulating functions and is involved in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, current methods for enhancing IFN-γ each have their own limitations. Furthermore, although the fundamental elements of the IFN-γ signaling pathway are largely conserved among vertebrates, the immune system of fish differs from that of mammals, and fish IFN-γ itself also exhibits structural differences from that of mammals. Consequently, it is difficult to directly apply conventional methods for enhancing IFN-γ developed for mammals, including humans, to fish. Therefore, there is a need to develop more effective, safe, and economical methods for enhancing IFN-γ that consider species specificity, environmental dependence, cost-effectiveness, safety, and the sustainability of effects. Meanwhile, * Daphne genkwa * is a plant native to southern Korea and inhabits coastal areas in southern China and Japan. In traditional Korean medicine and folk remedies, it has been used as a diuretic, antitussive, expectorant, and for treating edema. The flowers, called *wonhwa*, are harvested as buds and dried in the sun for use, while the roots are sliced and used as is. *Daphne genkwa* extract is known to be effective against neurodegenerative diseases (Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1859196) and atopic dermatitis (Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1364234), and its antiviral efficacy against the influenza virus (Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1065016) is also known