KR-20260062285-A - Equipment and method for pultrusion molding

KR20260062285AKR 20260062285 AKR20260062285 AKR 20260062285AKR-20260062285-A

Abstract

The present invention aims to provide a pultrusion forming apparatus and method that enables the easy manufacture of a vehicle body part made of a plastic composite material having variable curvature by allowing the product formed into a predetermined cross-sectional shape to be bent into a vehicle body part having variable curvature using at least three pairs of rollers, after the process of impregnating two or more types of plastic composite materials with resin using a resin impregnation mold and the process of feeding the resin-impregnated plastic composite material into a pultrusion forming mold and forming it into a product having a predetermined cross-sectional shape by heat and pressure to proceed continuously.

Inventors

서진교
이근욱
이규영
권현이
최준식

Assignees

현대자동차주식회사
기아 주식회사

Dates

Publication Date: 20260507
Application Date: 20241029

Claims (20)

Fiber yarn supply unit; Non-woven fabric supply unit; A resin impregnation mold having an impregnation space formed for receiving fiber yarn supplied from the fiber yarn supply unit and nonwoven fabric supplied from the nonwoven fabric supply unit, and a resin injection port formed for injecting resin into the impregnation space; A pultrusion molding die that applies heat and pressure to a composite material impregnated with resin discharged from the above resin impregnation mold to form a product with a preset cross-sectional shape; A bending device for bending a product discharged from the above-mentioned pultrusion mold into a vehicle body part having curvature using at least three pairs of rollers arranged to be movable left and right; and An extraction device for pulling and extracting a vehicle body part bent by the above-mentioned bending device from the bending device; A drawing forming device characterized by being composed including
In claim 1, The above fiber yarn supply unit is, A pultrusion forming device characterized by comprising a plurality of first rollers on which carbon fiber or glass fiber yarn is wound, and a first support on which the plurality of first rollers are stacked at regular intervals.
In claim 1, The above nonwoven fabric supply unit is, A pultrusion forming device characterized by comprising a plurality of second rollers on which glass fiber nonwoven fabric is wound, and a second support on which the plurality of second rollers are stacked at regular intervals.
In claim 1, The above resin impregnation mold is: An upper block having an upper impregnation space formed inside, and an upper resin injection hole and a first side resin injection hole formed in communication with the upper impregnation space; A lower block having a lower impregnation space formed inside, and a lower resin injection hole and a second side resin injection hole formed in communication with the lower impregnation space; and A mandrel movably positioned between the upper impregnation space of the upper block and the lower impregnation space of the lower block; A drawing forming device characterized by being composed of
In claim 4, A drawing forming device characterized by having a material feeding guide block integrally formed on the shear portion of the above mandrel, which is flush with the front and upper surfaces of the above upper block.
In claim 5, A drawing forming device characterized by having an upper material input port formed between the upper surface of the guide block and the upper surface of the upper block, communicating with the upper impregnation space, and a lower material input port formed between the lower surface of the guide block and the upper surface of the lower block, communicating with the lower impregnation space.
In claim 4, A drawing forming device characterized by having a position sensing sensor installed at a predetermined position of the mandrel, which transmits a signal detecting the position of the mandrel to a controller.
In claim 7, The above controller is, A pultrusion forming apparatus characterized by being configured to control the driving speed of a resin supply pump connected to each of the upper resin injection hole, the first side resin injection hole, the lower resin injection hole, and the second side resin injection hole, respectively, so that the resin pressure injected into the upper resin injection hole, the first side resin injection hole, the lower resin injection hole, and the second side resin injection hole is adjusted differently based on the detection signal of the position sensing sensor.
In claim 1, The above-mentioned mold for drawing is, A drawing molding apparatus characterized by comprising an upper mold having an upper cavity formed on a bottom surface and a lower mold having a lower cavity formed on an upper surface, and configured to apply heat and pressure to the resin-impregnated composite material when the resin-impregnated composite material discharged from the resin-impregnating mold passes between the upper cavity and the lower cavity.
In claim 1, The above bending device is: At least three roller moving rails arranged at regular intervals along the front-rear direction; A pair of rollers connected to each of the above roller moving rails so as to be movable left and right to bend a product discharged from the pultrusion molding die; and An electric cylinder mounted at both ends of each of the above-mentioned roller moving rails and connected to each of the above-mentioned pair of rollers, driven to move the pair of rollers to the left or right direction by a control signal from a controller; A drawing forming device characterized by being composed of
In claim 10, A drawing forming device characterized in that the above roller moving rail is composed of a first roller moving rail, a second roller moving rail, and a third roller moving rail arranged sequentially at regular intervals along the front-rear direction, and a pair of rollers connected to the second roller moving rail are equipped with a stress sensor that detects the stress when the pair of rollers press a product discharged from a drawing forming mold and transmits it to a controller.
In claim 11, The above controller is, A drawing forming device characterized by being configured to control the driving speed of the electric cylinder to increase or decrease the speed at which the pair of rollers move in a direction for bending the product based on the detection signal of the stress sensor.
In claim 12, The above controller is, A drawing forming apparatus characterized by being configured to control the driving speed of the electric cylinder to decrease the speed at which the pair of rollers move when the stress detected by the stress sensor exceeds a reference range, and to control the driving speed of the electric cylinder to increase the speed at which the pair of rollers move when the stress detected by the stress sensor is less than a reference range.
In claim 12, The above controller is, A drawing forming device characterized by being configured to control the piston rod of the electric cylinder to retract to the maximum extent so that each of the pair of rollers retracts to the maximum extent when the above product is finished bending into a body part having curvature.
In claim 1, The above extraction device is: An upper clamp and a lower clamp for clamping the front portion of a body part having the above curvature; A fixed frame mounted on both sides of the lower clamp and positioned above the upper clamp; A lifting cylinder connected between the fixed frame and the upper clamp to raise and lower the upper clamp; A guide rail to which the lower portion of the above lower clamp is connected so as to be movable back and forth; and A linear actuator connected to the lower clamp above and moving the lower clamp back and forth; A drawing forming device characterized by being composed of
A step of impregnating a composite material including fiber yarns and nonwoven fabric with resin; A step in which a resin-impregnated composite material is molded into a product with a preset cross-sectional shape by heat and pressure; A bending step of bending a product formed with a preset cross-sectional shape into a curvature-forming body part by means of a bending device comprising at least three pairs of rollers arranged to be movable left and right; and A step of pulling the above-mentioned bent body part from the bending device to remove it; A pultrusion forming method characterized by including
In claim 16, The above bending step is, A drawing forming method characterized by a product formed with the above-mentioned preset cross-sectional shape being inserted between pairs of rollers and pressed together, and then each pair of rollers moving in different directions.
In claim 16, A drawing forming method characterized by further including a step of detecting stress when the rollers forming each pair and the rollers press a product formed into the preset cross-sectional shape at a stress sensor mounted on each pair of rollers.
In claim 18, A drawing forming method characterized by increasing or decreasing the speed at which each pair of rollers move in a direction for bending the product by controlling a controller based on the detection signal of the stress sensor.
In claim 19, A drawing forming method characterized by the fact that when the stress detected by the stress sensor exceeds a reference range, the speed at which a pair of rollers move is reduced by a certain level under the control of the controller, and when the stress detected by the stress sensor is less than the reference range, the speed at which a pair of rollers move is increased by a certain level under the control of the controller.

Description

Equipment and method for pultrusion molding The present invention relates to a drawing forming apparatus and method, and more specifically, to a drawing forming apparatus and method that enables easy drawing forming of vehicle body parts having variable curvature using at least three pairs of rollers. Generally, plastic composite materials are gaining popularity as key component materials in the aerospace and automotive industries due to their excellent strength, elastic modulus, lightweight properties, and stability. For example, plastic composite materials including carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) are used as vehicle body materials to achieve high strength and lightweighting. These plastic composite body parts can be manufactured by a tensile forming device using a tensile forming method. The above-mentioned pultrusion forming is a method of continuously forming a product with a constant cross-section along the longitudinal direction. It is one of the methods suitable for forming vehicle body parts because it has the advantages of superior productivity and excellent tensile strength of the formed product compared to other forming methods such as SMC (Sheet Molding Compound) and PCM (Prepreg Compression Molding). The tensile forming process using a conventional tensile forming device proceeds with a process of impregnating two or more types of plastic composite materials with resin, a process of forming the resin-impregnated plastic composite materials into a product of a preset shape by applying heat and pressure, a process of pulling out the finished product, and a process of cutting the ejected product to a preset length. However, existing tensile forming devices are limited to tensile forming only straight body parts due to the configuration and operational characteristics of the tensile forming device, and have a problem in that they cannot produce curved plastic composite body parts with curvature, which account for most of the body parts. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view illustrating the overall configuration of a pultrusion forming device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an external perspective view illustrating a resin impregnation mold and a pulving mold according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of introducing fibers and nonwoven fabric into a resin impregnation mold of a pultrusion molding device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the process in which a product with a preset cross-sectional shape is formed in a mold for resin impregnation of a pultrusion molding device according to the present invention, after fibers and nonwoven fabrics are fed into the mold for resin impregnation. FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of bending a product discharged from a mold for drawing molds to a predetermined curvature by a bending device of a drawing molding device according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of a product discharged from a mold for pultrusion forming by a bending device according to the present invention being ejected from a bending device by an ejection device after the product is bent to a predetermined curvature by a bending device according to the present invention. FIGS. 7 and FIGS. 8 are flowcharts illustrating a pultrusion forming method according to the present invention. The specific structural or functional descriptions described in the embodiments of this specification are merely illustrative for the purpose of explaining embodiments according to the concept of the present invention, and embodiments according to the concept of the present invention may be implemented in various forms. Furthermore, the invention should not be interpreted as being limited by the embodiments described in this specification, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention. In this specification, terms such as "first" and/or "second" may be used to describe various components, but said components are not limited by said terms. For the sole purpose of distinguishing one component from other components, for example, without departing from the scope of rights according to the concept of the present invention, a first component may be named a second component, and similarly, a second component may be named a first component. Where in this specification it is stated that a component is "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, or that there may be other components in between. Conversely, where it is stated that a component is "directly connected" or "directly in contact" with another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between. Other express