KR-20260062596-A - Preheater-integrated ammonia reactor and ammonia ship comprising the same

Abstract

An ammonia reactor with an integrated preheater and an ammonia vessel including the same are disclosed. The ammonia reactor with an integrated preheater according to the present invention comprises: a housing having one or more ammonia supply units and one or more reforming gas discharge units; a catalyst cylinder that decomposes ammonia to produce reforming gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen; a burner that provides thermal energy for ammonia decomposition; and an ammonia preheating line that connects the ammonia supply unit and the catalyst cylinder and moves ammonia introduced from the ammonia supply unit to the catalyst cylinder; wherein the ammonia moving through the ammonia preheating line is preheated by thermal energy provided from the burner.

Inventors

• 김필근
• 임상택
• 변영진
• 장한울

Assignees

• 한화오션 주식회사

Dates

Publication Date

20260507

Application Date

20241029

Claims (10)

1. A housing having one or more ammonia supply sections and one or more reformed gas discharge sections; A catalyst cylinder that decomposes ammonia to produce reformed gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen; A burner providing thermal energy for ammonia decomposition; and It includes an ammonia preheating line that connects the ammonia supply unit and the catalyst cylinder and moves the ammonia introduced from the ammonia supply unit to the catalyst cylinder; Ammonia moving through the above ammonia preheating line is preheated by thermal energy provided from the burner, in an ammonia reactor with an integrated preheater.
2. In claim 1, A preheater-integrated ammonia reactor in which liquid ammonia is supplied through the above-mentioned ammonia supply unit, and the liquid ammonia passes through a preheating line and undergoes a phase change to a gaseous state.
3. In claim 1, The above ammonia supply unit and reformed gas discharge unit are each located at the top of the housing, and One end of the catalyst cylinder is connected to the reforming gas discharge section, and The above ammonia preheating line is configured to connect the ammonia supply unit and the other end of the catalyst cylinder, forming a preheater-integrated ammonia reactor.
4. In claim 1, A preheater-integrated ammonia reactor, wherein the burners are provided in plurality, at least one burner is disposed on the side of one end of the catalyst cylinder, and at least one burner is disposed on the side of the other end of the catalyst cylinder.
5. In claim 4, The above catalyst cylinders are provided in multiple numbers, The above-mentioned plurality of burners are alternately arranged on the sides of one end and the other end of each catalyst cylinder, in a preheater-integrated ammonia reactor.
6. Ammonia storage tank; Ammonia reactor with integrated preheater; and As an ammonia vessel including a fuel cell, The above-described ammonia reactor with an integrated preheater comprises: a housing having one or more ammonia supply units and one or more reformed gas discharge units; a catalyst cylinder that decomposes ammonia to produce reformed gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen; a burner that provides thermal energy for ammonia decomposition; and an ammonia preheating line that connects the ammonia supply unit and the catalyst cylinder and moves ammonia introduced from the ammonia supply unit to the catalyst cylinder. Ammonia moving through the above ammonia preheating line is preheated by thermal energy provided from the burner, in an ammonia vessel.
7. In claim 6, Ammonia vessel in which liquid ammonia is supplied through the above-mentioned ammonia supply unit, and the liquid ammonia passes through a preheating line and undergoes a phase change into a gaseous state.
8. In claim 6, The above ammonia supply unit and reformed gas discharge unit are each located at the top of the housing, and One end of the catalyst cylinder is connected to the reforming gas discharge section, and The ammonia preheating line is configured to connect the ammonia supply unit and the other end of the catalyst cylinder, in an ammonia vessel.
9. In claim 6, An ammonia vessel having a plurality of burners, wherein at least one burner is positioned on the side of one end of the catalyst cylinder and at least one burner is positioned on the side of the other end of the catalyst cylinder.
10. In claim 9, The above catalyst cylinders are provided in multiple numbers, The above plurality of burners are alternately arranged on the sides of one end and the other end of each catalyst cylinder, in an ammonia vessel.

Description

Preheater-integrated ammonia reactor and ammonia ship comprising the same The present invention relates to an ammonia reactor with an integrated preheater and an ammonia vessel including the same. More specifically, it relates to an ammonia reactor with an integrated preheater and an ammonia vessel to which the same can be applied, which simplifies the system by removing the vaporizer and preheater from a conventional ammonia decomposition system, prevents excessive energy consumption for the vaporization and preheating of ammonia, and further improves the efficiency of the ammonia decomposition reaction. As global warming intensifies, efforts are being made worldwide to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. With the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, which included greenhouse gas reduction obligations for developed countries, set to expire in 2020, the 195 parties participating in the Paris Climate Change Accord—which was adopted at the 21st United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change held in Paris, France in December 2015 and entered into force in November 2016—are making various efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Along with these global trends, interest in renewable energy (or renewable energy) such as wind, solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, bioenergy, tidal, and geothermal power is increasing as pollution-free energy that can replace fossil fuels and nuclear power, and various technological developments are underway. Liquefied gases, including liquefied natural gas, can eliminate or reduce air pollutants during the liquefaction process, making them environmentally friendly fuels that emit fewer pollutants during combustion. Consequently, the global consumption of liquefied gases, such as LNG and LPG, has been rapidly increasing in recent years. Liquefied gases, produced by liquefying gas at low temperatures, have the advantage of significantly reducing their volume compared to natural gas, thereby improving storage and transportation efficiency. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a colorless, transparent liquid obtained by liquefying natural gas, which is mainly composed of methane, by cooling it to about -162°C. It has a volume that is about 1/600th that of natural gas. Therefore, liquefying natural gas allows for very efficient transport. Although the liquefaction temperature of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) varies depending on the composition, in the case of petroleum gas with propane as the main component, it liquefies at a low temperature of about -42°C at atmospheric pressure, and can be stored in a liquid state down to about 45°C at 18 bar and down to 20°C at 7 bar. However, while LNG and LPG are considered eco-friendly fuels compared to other fossil fuels, they still produce carbon dioxide during combustion, and vessels using them as fuel continue to emit carbon dioxide during operation. FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an ammonia decomposition system according to the prior art. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an ammonia reactor with an integrated preheater according to one embodiment of the present invention. In order to fully understand the operational advantages of the present invention and the objectives achieved by the implementation of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and the contents described therein. The structure and operation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that in assigning reference numerals to the components of each drawing, identical components are denoted by the same numeral whenever possible, even if they are shown in different drawings. < Ammonia Reactor with Integrated Preheater > FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an ammonia decomposition system according to the prior art. As illustrated in FIG. 1, an ammonia decomposition system according to the prior art includes a vaporizer that vaporizes liquefied ammonia, a preheater that preheats the vaporized ammonia, and an ammonia reactor that decomposes ammonia to produce reformed gas. Conventional ammonia decomposition systems vaporize liquefied ammonia at -33°C through a vaporizer and then supply it after heating it in a preheater to near the temperature required for the decomposition reaction to ensure smooth ammonia decomposition at high temperatures. As such, while raising the temperature of the ammonia using a preheater increases the efficiency of the ammonia decomposition reaction, it requires excessive energy consumption to supply the heat source for preheating. Furthermore, due to the characteristics of ships where space is limited and efficiency in equipment placement is required, it is often difficult to install both the vaporizer and the preheater, which are relatively large pieces of equipment. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an ammonia reactor with an integrated preheater according to one embodiment of the pr