KR-20260062643-A - A device and method for continuous pyrolysis of waste plastic using partial oxidation reaction

KR20260062643AKR 20260062643 AKR20260062643 AKR 20260062643AKR-20260062643-A

Abstract

The present invention provides a continuous pyrolysis apparatus and method for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized by comprising: a fuel input section; a screw reaction section located inside the fuel input section that partially oxidizes waste plastic introduced from the outside using air introduced from the outside; a pyrolysis reaction section connected to the lower part of the fuel input section that pyrolyzes the partially oxidized waste plastic to produce pyrolysis gas and solid products; and a product separation section connected to the lower part of the pyrolysis reaction section that separates the pyrolysis gas and solid products.

Inventors

정수화
김종수

Assignees

한국생산기술연구원

Dates

Publication Date: 20260507
Application Date: 20241029

Claims (13)

Fuel input section; A screw reaction unit located inside the fuel input section and partially oxidizing waste plastic introduced from the outside using air introduced from the outside; A pyrolysis reaction unit communicating with the lower part of the fuel input unit and pyrolyzing the partially oxidized waste plastic to produce pyrolysis gas and solid products; A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastics utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized by including a product separation unit that separates the pyrolysis gas and the solid product in communication with the lower part of the pyrolysis reaction unit.
In Article 1, The above screw reaction unit is, A fuel receiving member that extends vertically from the top of the fuel input section to the internal center of the pyrolysis reaction section to receive the waste plastic; An air inlet member positioned inside the fuel receiving member so as to be parallel to the fuel receiving member, through which air is introduced from the outside; A supply screw formed spirally along the outer surface of the fuel receiving member to move the waste plastic from the fuel input section to the pyrolysis reaction section; and A supply motor connected to the air inlet member and rotating the air inlet member; is included. A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized in that a plurality of air inlet member holes are formed in the air inlet member penetrating the outer surface of the air inlet member, and as the air introduced from the upper part of the fuel receiving member flows into the interior of the fuel receiving member through the plurality of air inlet member holes, the waste plastic is partially oxidized by the supply screw.
In Article 2, The above fuel input section is, A fuel input hopper that narrows in width from top to bottom; and A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized by including: a water-cooling jacket coupled to the lower part of the fuel input hopper so as to be located between the fuel input hopper and the pyrolysis reaction unit, which cools the partially oxidized waste plastic using cooling water supplied from the outside.
In Paragraph 3, The above pyrolysis reaction unit is, A pyrolysis reaction chamber located at the bottom of the water-cooling jacket and receiving the water-cooled and partially oxidized waste plastic discharged from the bottom of the fuel receiving member; and A connecting member that communicates with both sides of the pyrolysis reaction chamber and supplies nitrogen and air supplied from the outside into the interior of the pyrolysis reaction chamber; A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized in that the pyrolysis reaction chamber pyrolyzes the water-cooled and partially oxidized waste plastic according to the reaction of the water-cooled waste plastic with nitrogen and air to produce pyrolysis gas and solid products.
In Article 1, It further includes a filter unit for filtering impurities contained in the pyrolysis gas discharged from the product separation unit. The above-mentioned product separation unit is, A product receiving member communicating with the lower part of the pyrolysis reaction unit and receiving the pyrolysis gas and the solid product supplied from the pyrolysis reaction unit; and A pyrolysis gas discharge member positioned inside the product receiving member, spaced apart from the bottom of the pyrolysis gas and extended upward, and communicating with the side of the pyrolysis gas; A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized in that the pyrolysis gas discharge member discharges the pyrolysis gas flowing into the lower part of the pyrolysis gas discharge member to the filter section.
In Article 5, The above-mentioned product separation unit is, A solid product receiving member communicating with the above-mentioned product receiving member; A discharge screw located at the inner lower part of the product receiving member and rotating to move the solid product falling from the upper part to the lower part of the product receiving member to the solid product receiving member; and A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, further comprising a discharge motor connected to the discharge screw and rotating the discharge screw.
In Article 5, A cooling unit that cools the filtered pyrolysis gas supplied from the filter unit to change its phase into oil; and A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastics utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, further comprising: a buffer tank section for storing and discharging to the outside pyrolysis gas that has not undergone a phase change into oil in the cooling section.
In Article 1, A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized in that the air equivalent ratio during operation of the screw reaction section is 0.05 or less.
(a) A step in which a screw reaction unit housed in a fuel input partially oxidizes waste plastic; (b) a step in which a water-cooling jacket provided in the fuel input section water-cools the partially oxidized waste plastic; (c) a step in which a pyrolysis reaction unit pyrolyzes the water-cooled waste plastic to produce a product; and (d) a step in which a product separation unit separates the product into pyrolysis gas and solid product; characterized in that the continuous pyrolysis method of waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction is included.
In Article 9, The above step (a) is, (a1) A step in which a fuel receiving member provided in the screw reaction unit receives the waste plastic supplied from the outside; (a2) A step in which an air inlet member located inside the fuel receiving member rotates by a supply motor provided in the screw reaction part and discharges air introduced from the outside into a plurality of air inlet member holes formed on the outer surface of the air inlet member; and (a3) A step in which a supply screw formed on the outer surface of the air inlet member rotates together with the air inlet member to partially oxidize the waste plastic and discharge it to the pyrolysis reaction unit; characterized by including a step of a continuous pyrolysis method for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction.
In Article 9, The above step (c) is, (c1) A step in which a pyrolysis reaction chamber provided in the pyrolysis reaction unit receives the water-cooled waste plastic; (c2) a step in which a connecting member provided in the pyrolysis reaction unit supplies nitrogen and air supplied from the outside into the interior of the pyrolysis reaction chamber; and (c3) a step of producing a product including pyrolysis gas and solid products by reacting the water-cooled waste plastic with nitrogen and air in the pyrolysis reaction chamber to pyrolyze the waste plastic; characterized by a continuous pyrolysis method for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction.
In Article 9, (e) a step of filtering impurities contained in the pyrolysis gas discharged from the product separation unit; further comprising, The above step (d) is, (d1) A step in which a product receiving member provided in a product separation section receives the pyrolysis gas and the solid product supplied from the pyrolysis reaction section; (d2) A step in which a pyrolysis gas discharge member located inside the product receiving member discharges the pyrolysis gas to the filter member; and (d3) a step of moving the solid product falling from the upper to the lower part of the product receiving member as a discharge screw located in the lower part of the product receiving member rotates to a solid product receiving member communicating with the product receiving member; characterized by a continuous pyrolysis method of waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction.
In Article 12, (f) a step in which a cooling unit cools the filtered pyrolysis gas supplied from the filter unit to change its phase into oil; and (g) A step in which a buffer tank section stores and discharges to the outside the pyrolysis gas that has not undergone phase change into oil in the cooling section; further comprising a continuous pyrolysis method for waste plastics utilizing a partial oxidation reaction.

Description

A device and method for continuous pyrolysis of waste plastic using partial oxidation reaction The present invention relates to a continuous pyrolysis apparatus and method for waste plastics utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, and more specifically, to a continuous pyrolysis apparatus and method for waste plastics utilizing a partial oxidation reaction in which a pyrolysis reaction unit, a screw reaction unit, and a product separation unit are erected to pyrolyze waste plastics. Pyrolysis is a promising recycling, energy, and fuel recovery method in the field of waste treatment (waste plastics, waste tires, solids, etc.) that can satisfy the three principles of solid waste treatment: reduction, resource recovery, and pollutant mitigation. The pyrolysis process is carried out in an atmosphere and flow of inert gas ( N₂ , Ar, He, etc.), which prevents the oxidation of organic matter and has the advantage of emitting almost no greenhouse gases such as CO₂ . In particular, compared to other treatment methods (combustion and landfill), it is possible to obtain economically valuable by-products of pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil, and solid char while simultaneously reducing secondary environmental pollution. Most waste plastic pyrolysis systems currently in use in Korea operate as batch processes. However, in the case of the aforementioned batch pyrolysis system, since the method involves raising the temperature from room temperature while waste plastic is fed into the reactor, there were issues such as a very wide spectrum of components in the produced pyrolysis oil, internal heat transfer problems within the reactor, and limited processing capacity. Furthermore, the fluidized bed process generally used in continuous pyrolysis systems is highly dependent on the size of the raw materials; handling bulky materials such as waste vinyl is difficult, and there were issues with operational difficulty and maintenance challenges due to the need to continuously flow heat transfer materials within the reactor. Meanwhile, in the case of screw kiln-type continuous systems, heat transfer problems existed similar to those of batch systems. (Patent Document 1) Republic of Korea Published Patent No. 10-2022-0163652 (December 12, 2022) FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a screw reaction section equipped in a continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a continuous pyrolysis method for waste plastics utilizing a partial oxidation reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings. However, the present invention may be implemented in various different forms and is therefore not limited to the embodiments described herein. Furthermore, in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts unrelated to the explanation have been omitted, and similar parts throughout the specification have been given similar reference numerals. Throughout the specification, when it is stated that a part is "connected (connected, in contact, combined)" with another part, this includes not only cases where they are "directly connected," but also cases where they are "indirectly connected" with other members interposed between them. Furthermore, when it is stated that a part "includes" a certain component, this means that, unless specifically stated otherwise, it does not exclude other components but rather allows for the inclusion of additional components. The terms used herein are merely for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as “comprising” or “having” are intended to indicate the presence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. 1. Continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic using partial oxidation reaction (100) Hereinafter, a continuous pyrolysis apparatus for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and FIGS. 2. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to