KR-20260062656-A - A device and method for continuous pyrolysis of waste plastic using partial oxidation reaction

KR20260062656AKR 20260062656 AKR20260062656 AKR 20260062656AKR-20260062656-A

Abstract

The present invention provides a continuous pyrolysis apparatus and method for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized by comprising: a fuel input section for receiving waste plastic introduced from the outside; a screw reaction section communicating with the fuel input section and partially oxidizing the waste plastic supplied from the fuel input section using air introduced from the outside; a pyrolysis reaction section formed to surround at least a part of the fuel input section and pyrolyzing the partially oxidized waste plastic to produce pyrolysis gas and solid products; and a product separation section communicating with the screw reaction section and separating the pyrolysis gas and solid products.

Inventors

정수화
김종수

Assignees

한국생산기술연구원

Dates

Publication Date: 20260507
Application Date: 20241029

Claims (13)

A fuel input section that accepts waste plastic flowing in from the outside; A screw reaction unit communicating with the fuel input unit and partially oxidizing the waste plastic supplied from the fuel input unit using air introduced from the outside; A pyrolysis reaction unit formed to surround at least a portion of the fuel input section and pyrolyzing the partially oxidized waste plastic to produce pyrolysis gas and solid products; A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastics utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized by including a product separation unit that separates the pyrolysis gas and the solid product in communication with the screw reaction unit.
In Article 1, The above screw reaction unit is, A fuel receiving member that extends long in the left-right direction and communicates with one side of the outer surface of the fuel input part to receive the waste plastic supplied from the fuel input part; An air inlet member positioned inside the fuel receiving member so as to be parallel to the fuel receiving member, through which air is introduced from the outside; A supply screw formed spirally along the outer surface of the fuel receiving member to move the waste plastic from the fuel input section to the pyrolysis reaction section; and A supply motor connected to the air inlet member and rotating the air inlet member; is included. A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized in that a plurality of air inlet member holes are formed in the air inlet member penetrating the outer surface of the air inlet member, and the air introduced from one side of the fuel receiving member is introduced into the interior of the fuel receiving member through the plurality of air inlet member holes, thereby partially oxidizing the waste plastic by the supply screw.
In Article 2, The screw reaction unit further includes a communication member that communicates with one side of the outer surface of the fuel receiving member so as to be adjacent to the fuel input unit, and supplies nitrogen and air supplied from the outside into the interior of the fuel receiving member. A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized in that the pyrolysis reaction unit uses the nitrogen and air to pyrolyze the partially oxidized waste plastic to produce pyrolysis gas and solid products.
In Paragraph 3, A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized in that the pyrolysis reaction unit is formed to surround the central and other sides on the outer surface of the fuel receiving member and heats and pyrolyzes the partially oxidized waste plastic moving from one side to the other of the fuel receiving member by the supply screw.
In Article 1, It further includes a filter unit for filtering impurities contained in the pyrolysis gas discharged from the product separation unit. A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized in that the product separation section is extended vertically to communicate with the other side of the pyrolysis reaction section and accommodates the pyrolysis gas and the solid product.
In Article 5, An internal space is formed inside the above-mentioned product separation unit to accommodate the pyrolysis gas and the solid product, and A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized in that the product separation unit receives the rising pyrolysis gas in the upper part of the internal space and discharges it to the filter unit, and receives the solid product in the lower part of the internal space.
In Article 5, A cooling unit that cools the filtered pyrolysis gas supplied from the filter unit to change its phase into oil; and A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, further comprising: a buffer tank section for storing and discharging to the outside pyrolysis gas that has not undergone a phase change into oil in the cooling section.
In Article 1, A continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, characterized in that the air equivalent ratio during operation of the screw reaction section is 0.05 or less.
(a) A step in which a fuel input receives waste plastic supplied from the outside; (b) a screw reaction unit partially oxidizes the waste plastic supplied from the fuel input unit; (c) a step in which a pyrolysis reaction unit surrounding at least a portion of the screw reaction unit pyrolyzes the partially oxidized waste plastic to produce a product; and (d) a step in which a product separation unit separates the product into pyrolysis gas and solid product; characterized in that the continuous pyrolysis method of waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction is included.
In Article 9, The above step (b) is, (b1) A step in which a fuel receiving member provided in the screw reaction unit receives the waste plastic supplied from the outside; (b2) A step in which an air inlet member located inside the fuel receiving member rotates by a supply motor provided in the screw reaction part and discharges air introduced from the outside through a plurality of air inlet member holes formed on the outer surface of the air inlet member; (b3) a step of partially oxidizing the waste plastic using the air while a supply screw formed on the outer surface of the air inlet member rotates together with the air inlet member and moves it from one side of the fuel receiving member to the other side; and (b4) A step in which a connecting member provided in the screw reaction section supplies nitrogen and air supplied from the outside into the interior of the fuel receiving member; characterized by a continuous pyrolysis method of waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction.
In Article 10, The above step (c) is, (c1) a step of heating the partially oxidized waste plastic that is moved from one side of the fuel receiving member to the other side by the supply screw of the pyrolysis reaction unit; and (c2) A step in which the pyrolysis reaction unit reacts the heated waste plastic with the nitrogen and air to produce the product material including pyrolysis gas and solid product; characterized in that the method comprises a step of continuous pyrolysis of waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction.
In Article 9, (e) a step of filtering impurities contained in the pyrolysis gas discharged from the product separation unit; further comprising, The above step (d) is, (d1) A step in which a product separation unit receives the pyrolysis gas and the solid product supplied from the pyrolysis reaction unit; (d2) A step of receiving the pyrolysis gas rising from the product separation unit in the upper part of the internal space formed inside the product separation unit and then discharging it to the filter unit; and (d3) A step in which the product separation unit receives the solid product falling to the bottom of the internal space; characterized by a continuous pyrolysis method of waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction.
In Article 12, (f) a step in which a cooling unit cools the filtered pyrolysis gas supplied from the filter unit to change its phase into oil; and (g) A step in which a buffer tank section stores and discharges to the outside the pyrolysis gas that has not undergone phase change into oil in the cooling section; further comprising a continuous pyrolysis method for waste plastics utilizing a partial oxidation reaction.

Description

A device and method for continuous pyrolysis of waste plastic using partial oxidation reaction The present invention relates to a continuous pyrolysis apparatus and method for waste plastics utilizing a partial oxidation reaction, and more specifically, to a continuous pyrolysis apparatus and method for waste plastics utilizing a partial oxidation reaction in which a pyrolysis reaction section and a screw reaction section are perpendicular to a product separation section to pyrolyze waste plastics. Pyrolysis is a promising recycling, energy, and fuel recovery method in the field of waste treatment (waste plastics, waste tires, solids, etc.) that can satisfy the three principles of solid waste treatment: reduction, resource recovery, and pollutant mitigation. The pyrolysis process is carried out in an atmosphere and flow of inert gas ( N₂ , Ar, He, etc.), which prevents the oxidation of organic matter and has the advantage of emitting almost no greenhouse gases such as CO₂ . In particular, compared to other treatment methods (combustion and landfill), it is possible to obtain economically valuable by-products of pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil, and solid char while simultaneously reducing secondary environmental pollution. Most waste plastic pyrolysis systems currently in use in Korea operate as batch processes. However, in the case of the aforementioned batch pyrolysis system, since the method involves raising the temperature from room temperature while waste plastic is fed into the reactor, there were issues such as a very wide spectrum of components in the produced pyrolysis oil, internal heat transfer problems within the reactor, and limited processing capacity. Furthermore, the fluidized bed process generally used in continuous pyrolysis systems is highly dependent on the size of the raw materials; handling bulky materials such as waste vinyl is difficult, and there were issues with operational difficulty and maintenance challenges due to the need to continuously flow heat transfer materials within the reactor. Meanwhile, in the case of screw kiln-type continuous systems, heat transfer problems existed similar to those of batch systems. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a screw reaction section equipped in a continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a continuous pyrolysis method for waste plastics utilizing a partial oxidation reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings. However, the present invention may be implemented in various different forms and is therefore not limited to the embodiments described herein. Furthermore, in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts unrelated to the explanation have been omitted, and similar parts throughout the specification have been given similar reference numerals. Throughout the specification, when it is stated that a part is "connected (connected, in contact, combined)" with another part, this includes not only cases where they are "directly connected," but also cases where they are "indirectly connected" with other members interposed between them. Furthermore, when it is stated that a part "includes" a certain component, this means that, unless specifically stated otherwise, it does not exclude other components but rather allows for the inclusion of additional components. The terms used herein are merely for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as “comprising” or “having” are intended to indicate the presence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. 1. Continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic using partial oxidation reaction (100) Hereinafter, a continuous pyrolysis apparatus for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and FIGS. 2. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a continuous pyrolysis device for waste plastic utilizing a partial oxidation reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a continuous pyrolysis device (100) for waste plastic utilizing a part