KR-20260063287-A - APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING PARALLEL OPERATION OF HYDROGEN FUEL CELLS

KR20260063287AKR 20260063287 AKR20260063287 AKR 20260063287AKR-20260063287-A

Abstract

A parallel operation control device for hydrogen fuel cells and a method thereof are disclosed for stably and efficiently operating a plurality of hydrogen fuel cell stacks connected in parallel to satisfy a large power requirement. The parallel operation control device for hydrogen fuel cells includes: an output curve derivation unit that derives a hydrogen fuel cell output curve defined by an instantaneous hydrogen consumption amount according to the hydrogen fuel cell output; an operating point candidate derivation unit that derives operating point candidates satisfying constraints in the hydrogen fuel cell output curve; a 2-norm calculation unit that calculates a 2-norm value between the operating point candidates and the current operating point; and an operating point determination unit that determines the hydrogen fuel cell operating point by setting the operating point with the lowest 2-norm value as the hydrogen fuel cell output of the next time step.

Inventors

오용국
류준형
김재원

Assignees

한국철도기술연구원

Dates

Publication Date: 20260507
Application Date: 20241030

Claims (8)

An output curve derivation unit that derives a hydrogen fuel cell output curve defined by the instantaneous hydrogen consumption amount according to the hydrogen fuel cell output; An operating point candidate derivation unit that derives operating point candidates satisfying constraints in the above hydrogen fuel cell output curve; A 2-norm calculator that calculates 2-norm values between the above-mentioned driving point candidates and the current driving point; and A parallel operation control device for a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized by including an operating point determination unit that determines the hydrogen fuel cell operating point by setting the operating point with the lowest 2-norm value as the hydrogen fuel cell output of the next time step.
In paragraph 1, the above-mentioned driving point candidate derivation unit is, The sum of the hydrogen fuel cell outputs required in the propulsion system of a hydrogen railway vehicle is In the case of, Minimize the objective function while having as a constraint A parallel operation control device for a hydrogen fuel cell characterized by selecting as a candidate operating point of the hydrogen fuel cell.
Parallel operation control device for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the operating point candidate derivation unit finds a candidate operating point of a hydrogen fuel cell that satisfies a constraint in an N-dimensional output curve.
A parallel operation control device for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the operating point determination unit calculates the distance between the current operating point and the candidate operating points in a situation where there are multiple candidate operating points, and determines the candidate operating point closest to the current operating point as the hydrogen fuel cell output for the next time step.
In paragraph 1, the above-mentioned operating point determining unit is, (Here, is the current driving point, and A parallel operation control device for a hydrogen fuel cell characterized by setting an operating point satisfying the condition (which is a candidate for the next time operating point) as the hydrogen fuel cell output of the next time step.
A step of deriving a hydrogen fuel cell output curve defined by the instantaneous hydrogen consumption according to the hydrogen fuel cell output; A step of deriving candidate operating points that satisfy constraints in the above hydrogen fuel cell output curve; A step of calculating a 2-norm value between the above-mentioned driving point candidates and the current driving point; and A method for controlling the parallel operation of a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized by including the step of determining the hydrogen fuel cell operating point by setting the operating point with the lowest 2-norm value as the hydrogen fuel cell output of the next time step.
In paragraph 6, the hydrogen fuel cell output of the above-mentioned next time step is, A method for controlling parallel operation of a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized by calculating the distance between the current operating point and the candidate operating points in a situation where there are multiple candidate operating points, and corresponding to the candidate operating point closest to the current operating point.
In paragraph 6, the hydrogen fuel cell output of the above-mentioned next time step is, (Here, is the current driving point, and A method for controlling the parallel operation of a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized by satisfying the condition that (is a candidate for the next time operation point).

Description

Apparatus and Method for Controlling Parallel Operation of Hydrogen Fuel Cells The present invention relates to a parallel operation control device and method for hydrogen fuel cells, and more specifically, to a parallel operation control device and method for hydrogen fuel cells for stably and efficiently operating a plurality of hydrogen fuel cell stacks connected in parallel to satisfy a large power requirement. Eco-friendly hydrogen fuel cell railway vehicles generate electricity using the chemical reaction of a hydrogen fuel cell stack and use this to drive a propulsion system. In the case of a propulsion system using only a single hydrogen fuel cell stack, the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell only needs to satisfy the power required by the upper controller. In this case, the upper controller allows the system to operate centered on the most efficient region by considering the efficiency map of the hydrogen fuel cell as shown in Fig. 1. Figure 1 is a graph illustrating the determination of the optimal operating region of a single hydrogen fuel cell stack. However, for systems with high power requirements, such as railway vehicles, multiple hydrogen fuel cells are connected in parallel to form a propulsion system. In this case, assuming there are N hydrogen fuel cell stacks connected in parallel, generally each hydrogen fuel cell output Determine as shown in the formula (1) below. [Formula 1] Here, is the sum of the hydrogen fuel cell outputs required by the propulsion system. In other words, since each hydrogen fuel cell generates power evenly at the same operating point, efficient operation of the system becomes impossible. Figure 1 is a graph illustrating the determination of the optimal operating region of a single hydrogen fuel cell stack. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a hydrogen railway vehicle system employing a parallel operation control device for a hydrogen fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining the parallel operation control device illustrated in FIG. 2. Figure 4 is a graph illustrating instantaneous hydrogen consumption data for the output of a DC/DC converter. FIG. 5 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method for controlling the parallel operation of a hydrogen fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. Since the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and may take various forms, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the text. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific disclosed forms, and it should be understood that it includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention. In describing each drawing, similar reference numerals have been used for similar components. In the attached drawings, the dimensions of the structures are depicted enlarged compared to their actual size to ensure clarity of the invention. Terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various components, but said components should not be limited by said terms. These terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be named the second component, and similarly, the second component may be named the first component. A singular expression includes a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, terms such as "comprising" or "having" are intended to specify the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Furthermore, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this application. In the present invention, an eco-friendly hydrogen fuel cell railway vehicle is a system that drives a vehicle using electrical energy generated through the chemical reaction of a hydrogen fuel cell stack. Since railway vehicles require significantly more power than other mobility systems, it is difficult to drive the vehicle using only a single hydrogen fuel cell stack. Therefore, to satisfy the high power requirements, multip