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KR-20260064550-A - LUBRICATING FLUID FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES FUELED WITH ALTERNATIVE COMBUSTION FUELS HAVING HIGH AUTO-IGNITION TEMPERATURES

KR20260064550AKR 20260064550 AKR20260064550 AKR 20260064550AKR-20260064550-A

Abstract

A lubricating oil composition configured to lubricate an internal combustion engine supplied with an alternative fuel having an auto-ignition temperature of about 700K or higher. The lubricating oil composition comprises at least one detergent system comprising at least one perbasic metal-containing sulfonate detergent, at least one neutral to low-basic metal-containing sulfonate detergent, and at least one perbasic metal-containing phenate detergent, wherein the metal provided from the perbasic sulfonate detergent is appropriately balanced for the total detergent metal and/or the total basicity of the composition.

Inventors

  • 나타니엘 캐인
  • 타라 루스모어
  • 알리스데어 브라운
  • 도미닉 마이어스
  • 애슈토쉬 구프타

Assignees

  • 에프톤 케미칼 코포레이션

Dates

Publication Date
20260507
Application Date
20251023
Priority Date
20241030

Claims (17)

  1. A lubricating oil composition configured to lubricate an internal combustion engine supplied with fuel having an auto-ignition temperature of approximately 700K or higher, One or more base oils of lubricating viscosity; and It includes a detergent system, and said detergent system (i) at least one perbasic metal-containing sulfonate cleaner providing about 2 to about 8 mmol of metal to the composition; (ii) at least one neutral to low-basicity metal-containing sulfonate detergent providing about 0.02 mmol or more of metal to the composition; and (iii) comprising at least one perbased metal-containing phenate cleaner that provides about 4 mmol or less of metal to the above composition; The above lubricating oil composition is a lubricating oil composition having a total base number (TBN) of about 9.5 or higher as measured according to ASTM D2896.
  2. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the percentage of metal provided by the perbased metal-containing sulfonate detergent to the TBN (ASTM D2896) of the lubricating oil composition is about 0.07 or less; and the TBN of the lubricating oil composition is about 10 to about 15 when measured according to ASTM D2896; and the detergent system comprises at least a perbased metal-containing sulfonate detergent, at least a perbased metal-containing phenate detergent, or a combination thereof, wherein each perbased detergent has a TBN (ASTM D2896) of about 200 or more.
  3. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a sulfated ash (SASH) content of more than 0.9 weight% when measured according to ASTM D874, or wherein the lubricating oil composition has a sulfated ash (SASH) content of more than 1.2 weight% when measured according to ASTM D874.
  4. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning agent system provides about 1,000 to about 5,000 ppm of calcium and/or; the cleaning agent system provides about 10 to about 800 ppm of magnesium and/or; and the composition further comprises one or more useful molybdenum compounds providing about 200 ppm or less of molybdenum.
  5. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity comprise API Group I base oil, API Group II base oil, or a combination thereof.
  6. The composition of claim 1 is configured to lubricate an internal combustion engine supplied with fuel having a natural ignition temperature greater than about 800K, or the composition is configured to lubricate an internal combustion engine supplied with fuel having a natural ignition temperature greater than about 850K; the fuel having a natural ignition temperature greater than about 700K is hydrogen fuel and/or; the lubricating oil composition is a lubricating oil composition having a mean measured stochastic pre-ignition (SPI) of about 6 SPI counts or less at 1000 rpm and 12 bar brake mean effective pressure (BMEP).
  7. As a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine to mitigate abnormal combustion events when fuel with a natural ignition temperature exceeding approximately 700K is supplied, The method includes the step of lubricating the crankcase of an internal combustion engine with a lubricating oil composition and burning fuel having a natural ignition temperature exceeding about 700K in the internal combustion engine; The above lubricating oil composition comprises (i) one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity and (ii) a detergent system, wherein the detergent system comprises (iia) at least one perbasic metal-containing sulfonate detergent providing about 2 to about 8 mmol of metal to the composition; (iib) at least one neutral to low-basic metal-containing sulfonate detergent providing about 0.02 mmol or more of metal to the composition; and (iii) at least one perbasic metal-containing phenate detergent providing about 4 mmol or less of metal to the composition; and wherein the lubricating oil composition has a total basicity (TBN) of about 9.5 or more as measured according to ASTM D2896.
  8. A method according to claim 7, wherein the ratio of the percentage of metal provided by the perbasic metal-containing sulfonate detergent to the TBN (ASTM D2896) of the lubricating oil composition is about 0.07 or less; and the TBN of the lubricating oil composition is about 10 to about 15 when measured according to ASTM D2896; and the detergent system comprises at least a perbasic metal-containing sulfonate detergent, at least a perbasic metal-containing phenate detergent, or a combination thereof, wherein each perbasic detergent has a TBN (ASTM D2896) of about 200 or more.
  9. A method according to claim 7, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a sulfuric acid ash (SASH) content of more than 0.9 wt% when measured according to ASTM D874, or the lubricating oil composition has a sulfuric acid ash (SASH) content of more than 1.2 wt% when measured according to ASTM D874.
  10. A method according to claim 7, wherein the cleaning agent system provides about 1,000 to about 5,000 ppm of calcium and/or; the cleaning agent system provides about 10 to about 800 ppm of magnesium and/or; and the composition further comprises one or more useful molybdenum compounds providing about 200 ppm or less of molybdenum.
  11. In claim 7, the method wherein one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity comprise API Group I base oil, API Group II base oil, or a combination thereof.
  12. In claim 7, the composition is configured to lubricate an internal combustion engine supplied with fuel having a natural ignition temperature greater than about 800K, or the composition is configured to lubricate an internal combustion engine supplied with fuel having a natural ignition temperature greater than about 850K; the fuel having a natural ignition temperature greater than about 700K is hydrogen fuel, compressed natural gas, or liquefied natural gas and/or; and the lubricating oil composition has an average measured stochastic pre-ignition (SPI) of about 6 SPI counts or less at 1000 rpm and 12 bar braking average effective pressure (BMEP).
  13. As an internal combustion engine configured for the combustion of hydrogen fuel, An engine crankcase lubricated with a lubricating oil composition; and Includes hydrogen fuel, The above lubricating oil composition comprises (i) one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity and (ii) a detergent system, wherein the detergent system comprises (iia) at least one perbasic metal-containing sulfonate detergent providing about 2 to about 8 mmol of metal to the composition; (iib) at least one neutral to low-basic metal-containing sulfonate detergent providing about 0.02 mmol or more of metal to the composition; and (iic) at least one perbasic metal-containing phenate detergent providing about 4 mmol or less of metal to the composition; and the lubricating oil composition has a total basicity (TBN) of about 9.5 or more as measured according to ASTM D2896, for an internal combustion engine.
  14. In claim 13, the ratio of the percentage of metal provided by the perbased metal-containing sulfonate detergent to the TBN (ASTM D2896) of the lubricating oil composition is about 0.07 or less; and the TBN of the lubricating oil composition is about 10 to about 15 when measured according to ASTM D2896; and the detergent system comprises at least a perbased metal-containing sulfonate detergent, at least a perbased metal-containing phenate detergent, or a combination thereof, wherein each perbased detergent has a TBN (ASTM D2896) of about 200 or more, an internal combustion engine.
  15. An internal combustion engine according to claim 13, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a sulfuric acid ash (SASH) content of more than 0.9 wt% when measured according to ASTM D874, or the lubricating oil composition has a sulfuric acid ash (SASH) content of more than 1.2 wt% when measured according to ASTM D874.
  16. An internal combustion engine according to claim 13, wherein the cleaning agent system provides about 1,000 to about 5,000 ppm of calcium and/or; the cleaning agent system provides about 10 to about 800 ppm of magnesium and/or; and the composition further comprises one or more useful molybdenum compounds providing about 200 ppm or less of molybdenum.
  17. In paragraph 13, the lubricating oil composition is an internal combustion engine having an average measured stochastic pre-ignition (SPI) of about 6 SPI counts or less at 1000 rpm and a braking average effective pressure (BMEP) of 12 bar.

Description

Lubricating fluid for internal combustion engines supplied with alternative combustion fuels having high auto-ignition temperatures The present invention relates to a lubricating fluid for an internal combustion engine supplied with an alternative combustion fuel having a high auto-ignition temperature, and a method for lubricating an internal combustion engine using such a lubricating fluid when the alternative combustion fuel is supplied. Many engine and vehicle manufacturers are exploring the use of alternative combustion fuels, such as those with high natural ignition temperatures of approximately 700K or higher, as alternatives to gasoline or diesel fuel. These alternative fuels include at least hydrogen fuel, compressed natural gas (CNG), and/or liquefied natural gas (LNG). Hydrogen fuel or natural gas fuel engines have several advantages. For example, existing internal combustion engines can generally operate using these fuels with little to no modification, and implementation is simplified because robust and durable engine platforms with a long history and a good understanding can be utilized. However, one challenge regarding hydrogen fuel or natural gas fuel engines is a problem known as stochastic pre-ignition (SPI), which tends to be a limiting factor in the development of hydrogen fuel or natural gas fuel internal combustion engines for widespread use. In hydrogen fuel or natural gas fuel engines, SPI is an event of premature ignition of the main fuel charge that results in early detonation, misfiring, and/or knocking. This is similar to low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) often found in certain turbocharged direct-injection gasoline engines; however, unfortunately, known solutions for improving LSPI in traditional gasoline fuel engines do not necessarily improve SPI in hydrogen fuel or natural gas fuel engines. In one embodiment, a lubricating oil composition configured to lubricate an internal combustion engine supplied with an alternative fuel having a natural ignition temperature greater than about 700K is described herein. In embodiments, the lubricating oil composition is effective in reducing or minimizing stochastic pre-ignition (SPI). The lubricating oil composition comprises one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity; and a detergent system, wherein the detergent system comprises (i) at least one perbasic metal-containing sulfonate detergent providing about 2 to about 8 mmol of metal to the composition; (ii) at least one neutral to low-basic metal-containing sulfonate detergent providing about 0.02 mmol or more of metal to the composition; and (iii) at least one perbasic metal-containing phenate detergent providing about 4 mmol or less of metal to the composition; and the lubricating oil composition has a total base number (TBN) of about 9.5 or more as measured according to ASTM D2896. In another approach or embodiment, the lubricating oil composition described in the preceding paragraph comprises any combination of other features or embodiments. Such other features or embodiments comprise one or more of the following: the ratio of the percentage of metal provided by the perbased metal-containing sulfonate detergent to the TBN (ASTM D2896) of the lubricating oil composition is about 0.07 or less (or about 0.06 or less); the TBN of the lubricating oil composition is about 10 to about 15 when measured according to ASTM D2896; the lubricating oil composition has a sulfated ash (SASH) content greater than 0.9 wt% when measured according to ASTM D874; the lubricating oil composition has a sulfated ash (SASH) content greater than 1.2 wt% when measured according to ASTM D874; and the detergent system provides about 1000 to about 5000 ppm of calcium and/or; The detergent system provides about 10 to about 800 ppm of magnesium; the detergent system provides only calcium; the composition further comprises one or more oil-soluble molybdenum compounds providing about 200 ppm or less of molybdenum; the detergent system comprises at least a perbasic metal-containing sulfonate detergent, at least a perbasic metal-containing phenate detergent, or a combination thereof, wherein each perbasic detergent has a TBN (ASTM D2896) of about 200 or more and/or; one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity comprise an API Group I base oil, an API Group II base oil, or a combination thereof; the composition is configured to lubricate an internal combustion engine supplied with fuel having a spontaneous ignition temperature greater than about 800 K and/or; the composition is configured to lubricate an internal combustion engine supplied with fuel having a spontaneous ignition temperature greater than about 850 K and/or; The lubricating oil composition has an average measured stochastic pre-ignition (SPI) of about 6 SPI counts or less at 1000 rpm and 12 bar brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), and/or the fuel is hydrogen fuel with a natural ignition temperature greater than about 700K. In another approach or embodi