KR-20260064658-A - Method for repairing wooden buildings combining waterless dry laser cleaning and heartwood-penetrating insecticidal/water-repellent system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for systematically repairing damaged timber in wooden structures. In order to solve the problems of lignin destruction and secondary decay caused by moisture penetration resulting from conventional chemical agents and water washing methods, the present invention provides a completely dry repair process that does not use any moisture. The present invention comprises: a dry cleaning step of vaporizing contaminants and carbonized layers by laser ablation using a 1064 nm pulsed fiber laser without water or chemicals; an insecticidal and preservative treatment step of applying a borate-based compound to the peeled surface to penetrate the agent into the heartwood through concentration gradient diffusion to eradicate internal termites and decay fungi; a repair step of inserting a filler into the cracks; and a breathable finishing step of applying a penetrating water-repellent agent of the silane or siloxane type to block external rainwater while releasing internal water vapor to prevent moisture trapping. Through this, the building can be permanently protected from pests and decay while maintaining the natural respiration of the wood.

Inventors

• 김헌중

Assignees

• 김헌중

Dates

Publication Date

20260507

Application Date

20260320

Claims (4)

1. A systematic repair method for damaged wood in a wooden structure, performed in the order of a dry cleaning step, an insecticidal and preservative treatment step, a crack repair step, and a breathable finishing step, wherein the dry cleaning step excludes the use of moisture and liquid chemicals and removes the wood surface contaminants and carbonized layers by vaporizing them through laser ablation using a portable laser cleaner; the insecticidal and preservative treatment step involves applying a water-soluble inorganic compound of the borate series to the removed wood surface and cracks, thereby allowing the compound to penetrate to the heartwood through a diffusion mechanism along the moisture pathways inside the wood; and the crack repair step involves inserting an insert piece or filler into the cracks of the wood. A method for repairing wooden structures based on a waterless dry laser cleaning and penetrating insect-repellent and water-repellent system, characterized in that the above-mentioned breathable finishing step includes the step of applying a silane or siloxane-based penetrating water-repellent agent to the repaired wood surface to form a breathable surface that blocks the penetration of external liquid moisture while simultaneously releasing water vapor from inside the wood to the outside.
2. A method for repairing wooden structures according to claim 1, wherein the mobile laser cleaner of the dry cleaning step irradiates a near-infrared (NIR) pulsed fiber laser in the 1064 nm wavelength band at an average output range of 50 W to 300 W to suppress damage to the lignin and cellulose of the wood base material.
3. A wooden building repair method according to claim 2, wherein the dry cleaning step is characterized by combining a mobile dust collection process that collects fumes and dust vaporized and scattered upon laser irradiation in real time.
4. A method for repairing wooden structures according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble inorganic compound of the borate series used in the insecticidal and preservative treatment step comprises DOT (Disodium Octaborate Tetrahydrate) and performs a stomach poisoning mechanism that disrupts the digestive enzymes of termites and an antifungal mechanism that inhibits the metabolic enzymes of decay fungi.

Description

Method for repairing wooden buildings combining waterless dry laser cleaning and heartwood-penetrating insecticidal/water-repellent system [0001] The present invention relates to a method for systematically repairing damaged wood in wooden buildings, and more specifically, to a method for repairing wooden buildings that prevents moisture trapping and damage by deep-core insects by combining a completely dry surface cleaning technology using a mobile laser cleaner that excludes water or chemicals, a heartwood insect repellent technology using the diffusion of borate-based agents, and a breathable water-repellent finishing technology of the silane/siloxane series. [0002] Traditional Hanoks and wooden structures exposed to the external environment are continuously deteriorated and damaged by sunlight (ultraviolet rays), rainwater, microorganisms (decay fungi, mold), and pests (termites, etc.). To repair this, conventional methods mainly involved cleaning the damaged wooden surface with chemicals or water and applying preservatives and paints. [0003] In this regard, Korean registered patent No. 10-2530812 (Prior Patent 1) discloses a cleaning process in which a cleaning solution is applied to the surface of wood with a brush or sprayer, and the cleaning solution is washed off by applying water instead of high-pressure washing. However, while this method can reduce physical damage caused by high-pressure water spraying, it has limitations in that, fundamentally, since the cleaning solution is removed through water, moisture seeps into the interior of the wood and into the cracks, delaying the drying time and potentially causing secondary decay or expansion deformation. [0004] In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0075543 (Prior Patent 2) discloses a method of applying a decay fungus remover containing sodium hypochlorite, washing it, applying a preservative containing cypermethrin, etc. to the surface, and then finishing it with a paint containing alkyd resin. [0005] However, conventional technology such as prior art patent 2 has the problem that high concentrations of chemicals (sodium hypochlorite) destroy the lignin of the wood, thereby reducing its durability, and surface-coated insecticides cannot fundamentally control termite colonies that burrow into the core (heartwood) of the material. Moreover, if the surface is sealed with a dense synthetic resin film, such as alkyd resin, before the moisture introduced during cleaning is completely dried, there is a fatal disadvantage in that internal moisture cannot be released, leading to a phenomenon called 'moisture trapping' where the wood rots from the inside of the film. [0017] FIG. 1 is an overall flowchart of a wooden building repair method according to one embodiment of the present invention. [0018] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. [0019] The mobile laser cleaner used in the first step (S10) of the present invention is characterized by using a near-infrared (NIR) pulsed fiber laser in the 1064 nm wavelength band to prevent damage to the wood base material (healthy wood core) and to selectively remove only contaminants, old oil film and carbonized layer. [0020] The above 1064 nm wavelength laser beam has a high absorption rate on dark-colored carbonized layers and contaminants, while it has a relatively high reflectivity on light-colored healthy wood surfaces, thus having a self-limiting characteristic that suppresses heat damage to the base material. [0021] At this time, it is desirable to control the average output of the laser to be in the range of 50W to 300W. If the output is less than 50W, the ablation of oil or deep carbonized layers is not carried out smoothly, and if it exceeds 300W, excessive thermal energy is transferred to the surface of the wood, which may cause thermal decomposition (scorching) of cellulose and lignin. This process implements cold cleaning by using a pulse width in the nanosecond (ns) range to instantaneously disperse only contaminants in a plasma state, and the generated fumes are collected through a real-time dust collection device. [0022] The insecticide and preservative applied in the second step (S20) includes a water-soluble inorganic compound of the borate series, including DOT (Disodium Octaborate Tetrahydrate), as an active ingredient. [0023] Unlike conventional film-forming insecticides, the borate compound above penetrates deep into the heartwood by causing spontaneous concentration gradient diffusion through capillary action with the moisture at equilibrium moisture content of the wood. [0024] After the above borate is diffused into the wood, when wood-boring pests such as termites ingest it, it suppresses the activity of symbiotic microorganisms in the pest's intestines, thereby eradicating the pest through stomach poisoning by disrupting the metabolic system, and at the same time blocks the secretion of cellulose-degrading metabolic enzymes by wo