KR-20260066120-A - Electro-conversion of gaseous carbon dioxide through reduction in molten salt solution

Abstract

Sequestration and conversion of carbon dioxide through reduction in a metal-salt solution. A carbon dioxide feedstock is flowed through a reactor containing solvated electrons in a metal-salt solution. The solvated electrons react with carbon dioxide to form various carbon products. The solvated electrons can be simultaneously regenerated for the continuous operation of the metal-salt reactor.

Inventors

• 사도웨이, 도널드, 알.
• 팡, 쉐치

Assignees

• 사도웨이 랩스 파운데이션, 인크.

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20240906

Priority Date

20230907

Claims (20)

1. As a method of forming carbon products from carbon dioxide, A step of flowing carbon dioxide through a solution containing a metal that generates dissolved and solvated electrons; and Step of regenerating solvated electrons in solution Includes, Here, the solvated electron reacts with carbon dioxide to form at least one product containing carbon. method.
2. A method according to claim 1 in which the solvated electrons are regenerated while carbon dioxide flows through the solution.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the solvated electrons are induced by applying an electric current to the solution.
4. A method according to paragraph 3, wherein the current is applied using at least one of an immersion electrode, a plasma electrode, a Tesla coil, an electron beam generator, or an X-ray generator.
5. A method according to claim 1, wherein the solvated electron is derived from the dissolution of an electron donor.
6. In paragraph 5, the electron donor is at least one of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or a rare earth metal.
7. In paragraph 5, the electron donor is one or more of sodium or barium.
8. A method according to claim 7, wherein the solution containing solvated electrons comprises one or more of sodium dissolved in sodium chloride, sodium dissolved in sodium bromide, sodium dissolved in sodium iodide, barium dissolved in barium chloride, barium dissolved in barium bromide, or barium dissolved in barium iodide.
9. A method according to claim 4, wherein the current is applied using a plurality of immersion electrodes, and the method further comprises monitoring the voltage between at least two of the electrodes to detect the formation of undesirable byproducts.
10. A method according to claim 1, wherein at least one product containing carbon is one or more of carbon monoxide, amorphous carbon, graphite, graphene, diamond, carbon nanotube, hydrocarbon, or carbon or any other allotrope of carbon and oxygen.
11. A method according to claim 1, further comprising forming at least one byproduct containing oxygen.
12. As a device for generating carbon products from carbon dioxide, A reactor for a solution containing a metal and solvated electrons; Source for solvated electrons; and Bubbler for flowing carbon dioxide through a solution Includes, Here, the solvated electron reacts with carbon dioxide to form at least one product containing carbon. device.
13. In paragraph 12, the source of the solvated electrons is a device that operates while carbon dioxide flows through the solution.
14. In paragraph 12, the source of solvated electrons is a device that is a current source.
15. In paragraph 14, the current source is a device in which at least one of an immersion electrode, a plasma electrode, a Tesla coil, an electron beam generator, or an X-ray generator.
16. In paragraph 12, the source of the solvated electrons is a device in which the dissolved electron donor is a device.
17. In paragraph 16, the electron donor is a device that is at least one of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or a rare earth metal.
18. In paragraph 16, the electron donor is a device in which one or more of sodium or barium.
19. A method according to claim 18, wherein the solution containing the solvated electron comprises one or more of sodium dissolved in sodium chloride, sodium dissolved in sodium bromide, sodium dissolved in sodium iodide, barium dissolved in barium chloride, barium dissolved in barium bromide, or barium dissolved in barium iodide.
20. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the current source is a plurality of immersion electrodes, and the apparatus further comprises a voltmeter configured to measure the voltage between at least two of the electrodes to detect the formation of undesirable byproducts.

Description

Electro-conversion of gaseous carbon dioxide through reduction in molten salt solution Cross-reference regarding related applications This application claims the benefit and priority of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/581,212 filed September 7, 2023, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference as in its entirety. Technology field Embodiments herein generally relate to the capture, utilization, and sequestration of carbon dioxide, more specifically, but non-exclusively, to the capture, utilization, and sequestration of carbon dioxide through reduction by electrons solvated in a molten salt solution, and to the regeneration of electrons solvated in a molten salt solution. background Decarbonization requires effective, economical, and technically scalable carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration technologies. Plasma and aqueous chemical approaches are limited by low spatiotemporal yields and high activation energy kinetics, which necessitate high power consumption. Bio-sequestration through agriculture involves massive processing times and fails to capture carbon emissions from the source. Geological sequestration or mineralization requires significant amounts of calcium or other reagents, which are uneconomical at the scales required to address climate change. Non-limiting and non-comprehensive embodiments of the present disclosure are described with reference to the following drawings, wherein the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the various drawings unless otherwise specified: FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a method for reducing carbon dioxide in a metal and salt solution; FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of an apparatus for reducing carbon dioxide in a metal and salt solution; Figure 3 is a process flow diagram showing the operation of the reactor with the regeneration of solvated electrons. details Various embodiments are described below in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of the drawings and illustrate specific exemplary embodiments. However, the concept of the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments presented herein; rather, such embodiments are provided as part of the complete and complete disclosure to fully convey to a person skilled in the art the concept, technology, and scope of the present disclosure. The embodiments may be embodied as a method, system, or apparatus. Accordingly, the following detailed description should not be construed as having a limiting meaning. References to “one embodiment” or “one embodiment” in the specification mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in relation to the embodiment is included in at least one exemplary implementation or technique according to the present disclosure. Appearance of the phrase “in one embodiment” in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Additionally, the language used in the specification has been chosen primarily for readability and educational purposes and may not have been chosen to describe or limit the subject matter disclosed. Accordingly, the present disclosure is an example of the scope of the concepts discussed herein and is not intended to limit them. definition Unless otherwise specified, the following terms as used herein shall have the meanings provided below: The term “carbon dioxide feedstock” refers to a feedstock for a process that contains at least partially carbon dioxide ( CO2 ). The feedstock may be a stream that contains at least partially CO2 as any phase. The term “carbon product” or “carbon-containing product” refers to any partially reduced allotrope of carbon. This definition will include carbon monoxide (CO), carbonates, hydrocarbons, any carbon-oxygen compound or polymer having at least one hydrogen or other functional group, and allotropes of carbon including but not limited to graphite, graphene, diamond, and carbon nanotubes. The term "metal halide" refers to a class of salts containing at least one metallic cationic species and at least one halide anionic species. The metallic species may be selected from metals of any group on the periodic table, but particularly from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals. Examples of halide anionic species include, but are not limited to, fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and iodides. Metal halides may be described by the general formula MXi , where M represents the metallic cationic species, X represents the halide anionic species, and the integer i is selected to balance the charge of the compound. The term "metal-salt solution" refers to a solution formed from at least one metal halide species and at least one metal species. The solution may be heated to a liquid or molten state. A metal is selected to dissolve in the metal salt solution, generating a free cation