KR-20260066292-A - Freezing prevention system and method for printed circuit board type heat exchanger

KR20260066292AKR 20260066292 AKR20260066292 AKR 20260066292AKR-20260066292-A

Abstract

According to one embodiment of the technical concept of the present invention, a freezing prevention system and method for a printed circuit board type heat exchanger prevents freezing of a fluid flowing into a printed circuit board type heat exchanger and selectively uses a fluid with a low or high freezing risk to minimize the power consumption of a pump circulating the fluid. The freezing prevention system for the heat exchanger may include: two or more high-temperature fluid tanks each containing high-temperature fluids having different freezing points; a printed circuit board type heat exchanger to which one of the high-temperature fluids and a low-temperature fluid are supplied and to which the one high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid exchange heat; and a high-temperature fluid valve section that, when a freezing risk signal is detected, selectively opens or closes the inlet and/or outlet of the high-temperature fluid tanks to supply another high-temperature fluid among the high-temperature fluids, which has a freezing point lower than that of the one high-temperature fluid, to the printed circuit board type heat exchanger.

Inventors

김우경
김민창
김창현
김태훈
도규형
이공훈

Assignees

한국기계연구원

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20241104

Claims (16)

Two or more high-temperature fluid tanks, each accommodating high-temperature fluids having different freezing points; A printed circuit board type heat exchanger in which one of the above high-temperature fluids and a low-temperature fluid are supplied, and the one high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid exchange heat; and A heat exchanger freezing prevention system characterized by including a high-temperature fluid valve section that selectively opens or closes the inlet and/or outlet of high-temperature fluid tanks to supply another high-temperature fluid, which has a freezing point lower than that of the one high-temperature fluid, to a printed circuit board type heat exchanger when a freezing risk signal is detected.
In Article 1, The heat exchanger anti-freezing system It further includes a high-temperature fluid differential pressure measuring unit that calculates the high-temperature fluid differential pressure by measuring the high-temperature fluid supply pressure of the high-temperature fluid supplied to the printed circuit board type heat exchanger and the high-temperature fluid discharge pressure of the high-temperature fluid discharged from the printed circuit board type heat exchanger. A heat exchanger freezing prevention system characterized by the freezing risk signal being when the high-temperature fluid differential pressure calculated by the high-temperature fluid differential pressure measuring unit becomes 10 kPa or more.
In Article 1, The heat exchanger anti-freezing system It further includes a high-temperature fluid flow rate measuring unit for measuring the flow rate of a high-temperature fluid, and A heat exchanger freezing prevention system characterized by the freezing risk signal being when the high-temperature fluid flow rate measured by the high-temperature fluid flow rate measuring unit decreases by 10% or more.
In Article 1, The heat exchanger anti-freezing system It further includes a low-temperature fluid temperature measuring unit that measures the low-temperature fluid outlet temperature discharged from a printed circuit board type heat exchanger, A heat exchanger freezing prevention system characterized by the freezing risk signal being when the low-temperature fluid outlet temperature measured by the low-temperature fluid temperature measuring unit decreases by 10 degrees or more.
A mixed high-temperature fluid tank for receiving a mixed high-temperature fluid in which high-temperature fluid and water are mixed; A printed circuit board type heat exchanger in which a mixed high-temperature fluid and a low-temperature fluid are supplied, and the mixed high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid undergo heat exchange; A high-temperature fluid tank that accommodates high-temperature fluid and has a discharge pipe connected to the discharge pipe of a mixed high-temperature fluid tank; and A heat exchanger freezing prevention system characterized by including a high-temperature fluid mixing valve section that, when a freezing risk signal is detected, opens the outlet of the high-temperature fluid tank so that the high-temperature fluid contained in the high-temperature fluid tank is mixed with the mixed high-temperature fluid to lower the freezing point of the mixed high-temperature fluid.
In Article 5, The heat exchanger anti-freezing system It further includes a mixed high-temperature fluid differential pressure measuring unit that calculates the mixed high-temperature fluid differential pressure by measuring the mixed high-temperature fluid supply pressure of the mixed high-temperature fluid supplied to the printed circuit board type heat exchanger and the mixed high-temperature fluid discharge pressure of the mixed high-temperature fluid discharged from the printed circuit board type heat exchanger. A heat exchanger freezing prevention system characterized by the freezing risk signal being when the mixed high-temperature fluid differential pressure calculated by the mixed high-temperature fluid differential pressure measuring unit becomes 10 kPa or more.
In Article 5, The heat exchanger anti-freezing system It further includes a mixed high-temperature fluid flow rate measuring unit for measuring the flow rate of the mixed high-temperature fluid, and A heat exchanger freezing prevention system characterized by the freezing risk signal being when the mixed high-temperature fluid flow rate measured by the mixed high-temperature fluid flow rate measuring unit decreases by 10% or more.
In Article 5, The heat exchanger anti-freezing system It further includes a low-temperature fluid temperature measuring unit that measures the low-temperature fluid outlet temperature discharged from a printed circuit board type heat exchanger, A heat exchanger freezing prevention system characterized by the freezing risk signal being when the low-temperature fluid outlet temperature measured by the low-temperature fluid temperature measuring unit decreases by 10 degrees or more.
A step of supplying a first high-temperature fluid contained in one of the low-temperature fluid and high-temperature fluid tanks to a printed circuit board type heat exchanger to perform heat exchange; and A method for preventing freezing of a heat exchanger, characterized by including the step of, when a freezing risk signal of a printed circuit board type heat exchanger is detected, supplying a second high-temperature fluid having a freezing point lower than that of a first high-temperature fluid contained in another of the high-temperature fluid tanks to the printed circuit board type heat exchanger instead of the first high-temperature fluid to perform heat exchange with the low-temperature fluid.
In Article 9, The warning sign of a freezing risk is, A method for preventing freezing of a heat exchanger, characterized in that the difference between the high-temperature fluid supply pressure of a first high-temperature fluid supplied to a printed circuit board type heat exchanger and the high-temperature fluid discharge pressure of a first high-temperature fluid discharged from a printed circuit board type heat exchanger is 10 kPa or more.
In Article 9, The warning sign of a freezing risk is, A method for preventing freezing of a heat exchanger, characterized by the case where the first high-temperature fluid flow rate decreases by 10% or more.
In Article 9, The warning sign of a freezing risk is, A method for preventing freezing of a heat exchanger, characterized in that the low-temperature fluid outlet temperature of the low-temperature fluid discharged from a printed circuit board type heat exchanger decreases by 10 degrees or more.
A step of supplying a mixed high-temperature fluid, in which the high-temperature fluid contained in a tank mixed with a low-temperature fluid and water is mixed, to a printed circuit board type heat exchanger to perform heat exchange; and A method for preventing freezing of a heat exchanger, characterized by including the step of, when a freezing risk signal of a printed circuit board type heat exchanger is detected, mixing a high-temperature fluid contained in a high-temperature fluid tank with a mixed high-temperature fluid to lower the freezing point of the mixed high-temperature fluid and supplying it to a printed circuit board type heat exchanger to perform heat exchange with a low-temperature fluid.
In Article 13, The warning sign of a freezing risk is, A method for preventing freezing of a heat exchanger, characterized in that the difference between the supply pressure of the mixed high-temperature fluid supplied to the printed circuit board type heat exchanger and the discharge pressure of the mixed high-temperature fluid discharged from the printed circuit board type heat exchanger is 10 kPa or more.
In Article 13, The warning sign of a freezing risk is, A method for preventing heat exchanger freezing, characterized by a case where the flow rate of the mixed high-temperature fluid decreases by 10% or more.
In Article 13, The warning sign of a freezing risk is, A method for preventing freezing of a heat exchanger, characterized in that the low-temperature fluid outlet temperature of the low-temperature fluid discharged from a printed circuit board type heat exchanger decreases by 10 degrees or more.

Description

Freezing prevention system and method for printed circuit board type heat exchanger The present invention relates to a freezing prevention system and method for a printed circuit board type heat exchanger, and more specifically, to a freezing prevention system and method for a printed circuit board type heat exchanger that prevents the freezing of a fluid flowing into the printed circuit board type heat exchanger and selectively uses a fluid with a low or high risk of freezing in order to minimize the power consumption of a pump circulating the fluid. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the heat exchange process of a conventional printed circuit board type heat exchanger. A Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger (PCHE) is a heat exchanger designed to withstand extreme environments such as high pressure and low temperature, and is capable of providing stable structural and thermal performance in cryogenic environments. As illustrated in Fig. 1, in a printed circuit board type heat exchanger, a low-temperature fluid (e.g., a cryogenic fluid such as liquid hydrogen) and a high-temperature fluid (heat source fluid) are introduced into the printed circuit board type heat exchanger, exchange heat with each other, and are discharged. In the case of the low-temperature fluid, heat is received, causing its temperature to increase or heat transfer to occur through a phase change. Conversely, in the case of the high-temperature fluid, heat is released, causing its temperature to decrease or heat transfer to occur through a phase change. Here, if the temperature of the low-temperature fluid is significantly lower than that of the high-temperature fluid or if the amount of heat transferred is large, freezing of the high-temperature fluid may occur. When high-temperature fluids freeze, not only is the inflow obstructed, but the heat transfer rate gradually decreases, leading to reduced efficiency of the heat exchanger. Furthermore, if the freezing persists, heat transfer through the exchanger ceases, potentially causing system failure. Additionally, problems arise regarding the inability to raise the outlet temperature of low-temperature fluids to the desired level. Therefore, it is crucial to prevent freezing issues to ensure smooth heat transfer within the heat exchanger. To solve these problems, high-temperature fluids with low freezing points and low freezing risk can be supplied into the heat exchanger at a high flow rate; however, generally, such high-temperature fluids have high viscosity, which leads to the problem of increased pump power consumption. Many inventors have been conducting extensive research on anti-freezing systems and methods for printed circuit board heat exchangers to solve these problems, but satisfactory results have not yet been obtained. A brief description of each drawing is provided to help to better understand the drawings cited in this specification. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the heat exchange process of a conventional printed circuit board type heat exchanger. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the schematic configuration of a freeze prevention system for a printed circuit board type heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the technical concept of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the schematic configuration of a freeze prevention system for a printed circuit board type heat exchanger according to a second embodiment based on the technical concept of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the schematic configuration of a freeze prevention system for a printed circuit board type heat exchanger according to a third embodiment based on the technical concept of the present invention. The present invention is capable of various modifications and may have various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the present invention includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. In describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of related prior art may unnecessarily obscure the essence of the present invention, such detailed description is omitted. Additionally, numbers used in the description of this specification (e.g., 1st, 2nd, etc.) are merely identification symbols to distinguish one component from another. In addition, when a component is described in this specification as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that the component may be directly connected to or directly connected to the other component, but unless otherwise specifically stated, it may also be connected or connected through another component in between. In addition, components expressed as '~part' in this specification may c