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KR-20260066761-A - Energy storage device and method of manufacturing the same

KR20260066761AKR 20260066761 AKR20260066761 AKR 20260066761AKR-20260066761-A

Abstract

The present invention provides a capacitor device (10) capable of reducing dendrite growth while suppressing an increase in the mass or volume of the capacitor device, and a method for manufacturing the same. The capacitor device comprises a positive electrode (11) and, The device is equipped with a cathode (15) and a separator (14) that isolates the anode and the cathode. The cathode, in turn toward the anode, comprises an active material layer (17) containing an active material that reduces carrier ions, an electrolyte layer (18) that has carrier ion conductivity and contains an electrolyte and is in contact with the active material layer, and a conductive layer (19) that has electron conductivity and is in contact with the electrolyte layer and accepts elements precipitated at the interface between the active material layer and the electrolyte layer.

Inventors

  • 가타오카 가즈키
  • 이가 유타
  • 미야모토 스구루
  • 히코사카 히데아키

Assignees

  • 니혼도꾸슈도교 가부시키가이샤

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20241011
Priority Date
20231011

Claims (6)

  1. A capacitor device utilizing ion conduction, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode, The above cathodes are, in turn, toward the above anodes, An active material layer containing an active material that causes an oxidation-reduction reaction, and An electrolyte layer in contact with the active material layer, comprising a solid electrolyte and an electrolyte having carrier ion conductivity, and an electrolyte solution, and A capacitor device comprising a conductive layer having electronic conductivity and in contact with the electrolyte layer to accept an element precipitated at the interface between the active material layer and the electrolyte layer.
  2. In claim 1, A capacitor device comprising a conductive layer that forms an alloy with an element generated by the reaction of the carrier ions.
  3. In claim 1, The above conductive layer includes a capturer that has electronic conductivity and adsorbs molecules, and The above molecule is a capacitor device comprising an element generated by the reaction of the carrier ion.
  4. In claim 3, The molecules adsorbed on the above capturer comprise a first phase and a second phase in order of proximity to the capturer, and A capacitor device in which the ratio of the element that is prone to becoming an ion during discharge to the element included in the second phase when fully charged is greater than the ratio of the element that is prone to becoming an ion during discharge to the element included in the first phase when fully charged.
  5. In any one of claims 1 to 4, The above carrier ion is a lithium ion, and A capacitor device in which the above-mentioned solid electrolyte is an oxide having a garnet-type crystal structure containing Li, La, and Zr.
  6. A method for manufacturing a capacitor device utilizing ion conduction, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein The above cathode comprises an active material layer containing an active material that causes an oxidation-reduction reaction, and An electrolyte layer in contact with the active material layer, comprising a solid electrolyte and an electrolyte having carrier ion conductivity, and an electrolyte solution, and It includes a conductive layer having electronic conductivity that accepts carrier ions in contact with the electrolyte layer, and A process of stacking the anode, the separator, and the cathode in sequence, and A method for manufacturing a capacitor device, comprising a process of flowing current from the cathode to the anode to deposit an element contained in the electrolyte layer at the interface between the active material layer and the electrolyte layer.

Description

Energy storage device and method of manufacturing the same The present invention relates to a capacitive device utilizing ions as carriers and a method for manufacturing the same. In energy storage devices that use ions as carriers, metal may be deposited on the negative electrode during charging. Under the influence of fluctuations in the ion concentration or electric field distribution during deposition, needle-shaped dendrites are prone to forming on the negative electrode, and the growth of dendrites causes a decrease in charging efficiency or failure. Non-patent document 1 discloses prior art in which a device for pressurizing a single cell is installed in the energy storage device, and charging and discharging are performed while pressurizing the cell to densify the deposits and reduce the growth of dendrites. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a capacitor device in one embodiment. Figure 2 is a diagram schematically showing a garnet-type crystal structure. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a conductive layer. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a capacitor device (10) in one embodiment. The capacitor device (10) uses ions as carriers. Examples of carrier ions include metal ions such as Li + , Na + , K + , Mg2+ , Cu + , Ag +, and anions such as OH- , F- , and H- , but there is no limitation on the type of ion. Examples of the energy storage device (10) include an ion battery such as a lithium-ion battery that uses ions such as Li + , Na + , K + , Mg2 + , F- , H- as carriers, an electrochemical capacitor that uses a redox reaction of an electrode or a redox reaction of ions in an electrolyte, an electric double layer, and a metal-air battery that uses oxygen in the air as a positive electrode active material and metals such as Li, Zn, Al, Mg, Fe as a negative electrode active material. The energy storage device (10) includes, in order, a positive electrode (11), a separator (14), and a negative electrode (15). There are no limitations on the separator (14) as long as it is used to isolate the positive electrode (11) and the negative electrode (15). The separator (14) is exemplified by (1) a porous body having electrical insulation through which carrier ions contained in the electrolyte move, (2) a solid electrolyte having ion conductivity placed in place of the porous body and the electrolyte, (3) a gel-like electrolyte having ion conductivity placed, or a mixture of a solid electrolyte having ion conductivity and an electrolyte placed. In the case of the separator (14) of (1), the storage device (10) may be a so-called liquid-based metal-ion battery, a metal-air battery, or an electrochemical capacitor. In the case of the separator (14) of (2), the storage device (10) is a so-called all-solid-state battery. In the case of the separator (14) of (3), the storage device (10) is a so-called semi-solid-state battery. The positive electrode (11) has a current collector (12) and a reaction layer (13) overlapping each other. The current collector (12) is a conductive material. Examples of the material of the current collector (12) include a metal selected from Ni, Ti, Fe, and Al, an alloy containing two or more of these elements, stainless steel, and a carbon material. The reaction layer (13) includes a positive active material when the storage device (10) is an ion battery or an electrochemical capacitor. The positive active material is appropriately selected according to the type of carrier ion. The reaction layer (13) includes a gas diffusion layer in which air diffuses and a catalyst layer in which a reduction reaction of oxygen occurs, because, when the capacitor device (10) is a metal-air battery, oxygen in the atmosphere is used as the positive active material. The catalyst layer includes a decomposition catalyst, such as manganese oxide or a porphyrin-based compound, which increases the decomposition ability of hydrogen peroxide ions. The negative electrode (15) includes an active material layer (17), an electrolyte layer (18), and a conductive layer (19) in sequence toward the positive electrode (11). A conductive current collector (16) may be placed in the active material layer (17). Examples of materials for the current collector (16) include a metal selected from Ni, Ti, Fe, Cu and Si, an alloy containing two or more of these elements, stainless steel, or a carbon material. The active material layer (17) includes an active material (negative active material). There are no restrictions on the material of the active material as long as it can absorb and release carrier ions. The active material is appropriately selected according to the type of carrier ion. When the storage device (10) is an ion battery or electrochemical capacitor that uses metal ions as carrier ions, the active material is exemplified as a carbon-based material such as porous carbon, natural graphite,