KR-20260067412-A - A protection circuit device for surge and electic ark shock of battery

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery surge voltage and arc protection circuit device capable of solving the problem of instantaneous short circuits occurring between the two terminals of a battery due to various components, such as an inverter or a charger's capacitor relay, configured in a battery pack. The configuration of the present invention is a device for protecting the surge voltage of a lithium battery pack, A circuit is configured to operate by automatically operating to protect surge voltage and arc by setting the gate voltage between a plurality of resistors connected in series between the positive side busbar and the negative side busbar of the lithium battery pack and using a buck converter that utilizes this gate voltage to set the gate voltage to correspond to the surge voltage level of the lithium battery pack, and the circuit is configured to use a control method that maintains the switching time according to the amount of surge power.

Inventors

• 신민호
• 전주현
• 심준홍

Assignees

• 주식회사 이앤코텍

Dates

Publication Date

20260513

Application Date

20241104

Claims (4)

1. As a device for protecting the surge voltage of a lithium battery pack, A lithium battery pack surge voltage and arc protection circuit device configured with a circuit that operates by automatically operating to protect surge voltage and arc by setting the gate voltage between a plurality of resistors connected in series between the positive-side busbar and the negative-side busbar of the lithium battery pack and using a buck converter that utilizes this gate voltage to set the gate voltage to correspond to the surge voltage level of the lithium battery pack.
2. As a device for protecting the surge voltage of a lithium battery pack, A lithium battery pack surge voltage and arc protection circuit device configured to use a control method that maintains the switching time according to the surge power amount.
3. As a device for protecting the surge voltage of a lithium battery pack, A circuit is configured to operate in a manner that protects surge voltage and arc by automatically operating by setting the gate voltage between a plurality of resistors connected in series between the positive-side busbar and the negative-side busbar of the lithium battery pack, using a buck converter that utilizes this gate voltage to set the gate voltage to correspond to the surge voltage level of the lithium battery pack. A lithium battery pack surge voltage and arc protection device circuit-configured to use a control method that maintains the switching time according to the surge power amount.
4. In Paragraph 1 or Paragraph 3, A lithium battery pack surge voltage and arc protection device characterized in that the above gate voltage (V GATE) satisfies the following [Equation 1]. [Mathematical Formula 1] (However, in Equation 1, the symbols are limited to the symbols of the elements listed in FIG. 1)

Description

Battery surge voltage and arc protection circuit device The present invention relates to a battery surge voltage and arc protection circuit device, and more specifically, to a battery surge voltage and arc protection circuit device capable of solving the problem of instantaneous short circuits occurring between the two terminals of a battery due to various components such as an inverter or a charger's capacitor relay configured in a lithium battery pack. ① Related fields It is applicable to high-discharge lithium battery packs connected in series via busbars or wiring for high-voltage configurations in fields using lithium batteries, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems (ESS). ② Applicable Products and Methods It is a device that protects against battery explosions and fires by detecting the ignition (insulation breakdown voltage) voltage generated during a momentary short circuit caused by an external device of an industrial battery pack. It is applied to battery packs connected in series, such as ESS systems and EV battery packs, and is attached to both the positive and negative terminals of the battery, operating by the battery voltage without a separate power source. ③ Areas expected to be applied in the future It is applicable to all fields of devices and systems that test batteries in conjunction with lithium battery packs, such as battery chargers, dischargers, and testers. ④ Most relevant prior art Conventional technology used a method of configuring a battery pack by attaching surge-blocking passive components or filters to the battery pack, but there were problems such as reduced battery life and stability due to fire caused by the degradation of passive components and losses caused by filters. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a battery pack surge protection circuit device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a battery charging mode of the battery temperature rising device of the present invention. Figure 3 shows the frequency fluctuation current waveform of the battery temperature rise device of the present invention. Conventional surge arresters use passive components, which can degrade performance and require replacement when exposed to continuous surges, and have a major problem in that they can cause battery fires due to heat when surges occur. Accordingly, by configuring the buck converter in the manner proposed in the present invention and applying a discharge method based on surge voltage, the problem of loss reduction is resolved because it does not operate under normal conditions and no power loss occurs, and it can have a long lifespan and reliability compared to the passive component method. [Example 1] The present invention is a circuit mounted on the busbars at both ends of the positive terminal of a battery pack as shown in FIG. 1. Here, the gate voltage for operating the switch Suck of the buck converter is operated by the voltage across the busbars. Both IGBTs and MOSFETs can be used as the buck converter components, and the resistance values of resistors R1, R2, and GATE are calculated according to the gate-on voltage of the switching components using the formula and values below. The battery voltage V is set to the maximum surge voltage for ignition, so that the circuit switch does not operate at normal battery voltages and operates only when a surge occurs. For example, when the switch operates from a DC operating voltage of 8V or higher and the surge voltage is 1kV or higher, if resistors R1 62kΩ, R2 62kΩ, and RGATE 1kΩ are selected, the switch turns ON when a surge of 1kV or higher occurs, thereby reducing the voltage rise through cutoff by the discharge of the buck converter. In order to reduce the size and unit cost of the circuit of the present invention, the reactor of Lout and the capacitor of Cout may be removed from the circuit. The reactor and the capacitor act as impedances for AC and DC components, respectively; however, when they are required to be used in a protection circuit, their impedance values must be adjusted to minimize surge and arc generation caused by short circuits.