KR-20260068024-A - metal-air battery

KR20260068024AKR 20260068024 AKR20260068024 AKR 20260068024AKR-20260068024-A

Abstract

According to one embodiment, a fuel cell stack for capturing carbon from the atmosphere comprises: an anode including a fuel electrode to which a metal fuel in a liquid or gaseous state is supplied; a first line connected to the fuel electrode to supply the metal fuel; a cathode including an air electrode to which a gas mixture including carbon dioxide and oxygen is supplied; an electrolyte section including an electrolyte that transmits metal ions generated by a redox reaction of the metal fuel between the fuel electrode and the air electrode; and a control section, wherein the electrolyte section can supply and circulate the electrolyte. Various other embodiments for supplying and circulating the electrolyte are disclosed.

Inventors

나시영

Assignees

주식회사 카본에너지

Dates

Publication Date: 20260513
Application Date: 20260403
Priority Date: 20211231

Claims (20)

A cathode comprising a fuel electrode to which metal fuel is supplied; An anode comprising an air electrode to which a gas mixture is supplied; An electrolyte section for delivering metal ions generated by the redox reaction of the above metal fuel; and A control unit comprising at least one of the supply of the metal fuel, the supply of the gas mixture, and the supply or circulation of the electrolyte part, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The above metal fuel is configured to be continuously supplied, and The above metal-air battery is capable of continuing to operate by replenishing the metal fuel at the fuel electrode consumed during the discharge process, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The metal fuel is configured to be continuously supplied and includes a second opening through which the metal fuel is supplied. Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, It further includes a first line connected to the fuel electrode to supply the metal fuel, The above metal fuel includes at least one state among a solid state, a liquid state, a gaseous state and a fluid state, and supplied through the above first line, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The metal fuel comprises at least one of lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs) and francium (Fr), beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), radium (Ra), aluminum (Al), tin (Sn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), silver (Ag), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), NaK, and alloy compounds. Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The above control unit controls at least one of the supply amount, flow rate, pressure, temperature, and state change of the metal fuel, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The above control unit supplies the metal fuel to the fuel electrode, and Recovering unreacted metal fuel on the fuel electrode through a fuel outlet, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The above metal fuel comprises any one of an electronic compound combining an alkali metal, a liquid mixed metal, a metal fuel, and amines, and when the metal fuel is the electronic compound, the amines also perform the role of an electrolyte in the electrolyte portion. Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The above fuel electrode is composed of a material having chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The above gas mixture contains oxygen or carbon dioxide, and a metal compound is generated by the reaction of the metal ions and the gas mixture at the anode. Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, It further includes a chamber into which the above-mentioned metal fuel is introduced, stored, and processed, and The above chamber has a sealed structure that is isolated from the outside after the introduction of the metal fuel, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, A chamber into which the above-mentioned metal fuel is introduced, stored, and processed, and A heating module further comprising supplying heat to the chamber to melt the metal fuel introduced therein, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, A chamber into which the above-mentioned metal fuel is introduced, stored, and processed, and It further includes a heating module that supplies heat to the chamber to melt the metal fuel introduced therein, and The heating module above supplies heat using external power, internal power generated by the generation of the metal-air battery, or internal power stored in an energy storage device generated by the generation of the metal-air battery. Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The above metal fuel is injected through a fuel injection module, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The above electrolyte part further includes an opening through which an electrolyte can be supplied and means for controlling the opening and closing of the opening. Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The apparatus further includes an electrolyte module for controlling the supply of the electrolyte; and a line connecting the electrolyte module and the electrolyte section. Controlling at least one of the composition, supply amount, circulation amount, replacement status, flow rate, pressure, temperature, and state change of the electrolyte through the above electrolyte section, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The above electrolyte comprises an aqueous electrolyte, an organic electrolyte, or a complex electrolyte containing these. Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, A first line connected to the fuel electrode for supplying the metal fuel; and It further includes a second line connected to the electrolyte section for supplying the above electrolyte, Based on the type of metal fuel above, the electrolyte flows to the electrolyte section through the second line, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The above electrolyte is, A first electrolyte section located on the fuel electrode side and comprising an organic electrolyte; A second electrolyte part located on the air electrode side and comprising an aqueous electrolyte; and A separator membrane composed of a permeable material located between the first electrolyte part and the second electrolyte part, Metal-air battery.
In claim 1, The above electrolyte unit further includes an electrolyte discharge line that discharges the electrolyte to the outside or recirculates it to the inside after use. Metal-air battery.

Description

metal-air battery The present invention relates to a metal-air battery and a method and system for operating a metal-air battery. As a representative secondary battery capable of repeated charging and discharging, a lithium-ion battery includes a positive electrode in which lithium oxide is used, a negative electrode that performs the role of reversibly absorbing and releasing lithium ions from the positive electrode and allowing current to flow through an external circuit, an electrolyte that moves lithium ions, and a separator that allows only ions to move through fine internal pores. In addition, fuel cells are being utilized to generate electrical energy by electrochemically reacting a fuel (e.g., metal) with an oxidizer (e.g., air). The chemical reaction in a fuel cell can be facilitated by a catalyst. Fuel cells can generate continuous power as long as fuel is continuously supplied and each component operates normally. Metal-air batteries use a specific metal (e.g., iron, zinc, magnesium, aluminum) for the negative electrode and an air electrode for the positive electrode. Since metal-air batteries use air as the active material for the positive electrode, they can be relatively lighter compared to batteries that use fuel pre-loaded inside. Meanwhile, amidst the recent surge in environmental interest, Direct Air Capture (DAC) and Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS, hereinafter referred to as "Carbon Capture and Storage" in this document) technologies are being actively researched. Direct Air Capture (DAC) refers to technologies and systems that apply or incorporate carbon dioxide—considered the primary culprit behind global climate change—by chemically and physically capturing and removing it directly from the Earth's atmosphere using machinery and devices. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) refers to technologies and systems that remove, capture, store, and utilize carbon dioxide from gases, such as exhaust gases, using physical or chemical methods. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and Direct Carbon Capture (DAC) are attracting attention as direct solutions to address global climate change and can be used in a complementary manner. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an open-cell metal-air fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a reference diagram showing the replacement of an anode whose performance has deteriorated due to the accumulation of a carbon compound according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a reference diagram illustrating a method of continuously supplying metal in the form of a liquid or gaseous fluid to a fuel electrode of a cathode according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a reference diagram illustrating a structure in which an anode and an electrolyte are integrated into a single module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a reference diagram showing a metal salt-air fuel cell that supplies metal ions in the form of a metal salt according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a drawing illustrating a salt-air fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIGS. 7a and 7b are block diagrams illustrating an exemplary configuration of a carbon capture system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a fuel cell stack according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIGS. 9a and 9b are drawings illustrating the structure of a fuel cell stack (140) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 10 shows a configuration for collecting air with an air cartridge in a carbon capture system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 shows a configuration for supplying fuel from a fuel cartridge to a fuel cell stack in a carbon capture system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the operation of capturing carbon by reacting fuel and air within a carbon capture system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a carbon capture method using a fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Hereinafter, embodiments are described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. However, various modifications may be made to the embodiments, and thus the scope of the patent application is not limited or restricted by these embodiments. It should be understood that all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions to the embodiments are included within the scope of the rights. The terms used in this document are intended to describe the concept of the invention and the embodiments thereof included in this disclosure, and are not intended to limit the invention solely to the dictionary or phrasal meanings of the terms. For example, singular expressions in this document may include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise