RU-2803176-C1 - DEVICE FOR SELECTIVE LASER MELTING OF POWDER MATERIALS

RU2803176C1RU 2803176 C1RU2803176 C1RU 2803176C1RU-2803176-C1

Abstract

FIELD: laser additive technologies. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used to obtain products from materials prone to cracking. The device for selective laser melting of powder materials comprises a space frame, a laser radiation source installed in it, a laser radiation transmission unit to the scanner, a hopper and a heated working chamber, the open end of which is configured to supply powder material from the hopper using a leveling knife mounted on a linear leveling drive. The heated working chamber is made with a mechanism for lowering the manufactured workpiece, the body of the heated working chamber is made of quartz glass. The device is equipped with a high-speed infrared video camera mounted on a spatial frame and directed to the laser processing zone, a heating element in the form of a nickel-chromium thread wound around the body of the heated working chamber, and a heat insulator covering them. EFFECT: expanding the range of processed powder materials by increasing the maximum heating temperature. 1 cl, 1 dwg

Inventors

Grigorev Sergej Nikolaevich
Khmyrov Roman Sergeevich
Gridnev Mikhail Aleksandrovich
Gusarov Andrej Vladimirovich
Podrabinnik Pavel Anatolevich
Korotkov Andrej Dmitrievich
METEL ALEKSANDR SERGEEVICH

Dates

Publication Date: 20230907
Application Date: 20221116

Claims (1)

A device for selective laser melting of powder materials, containing a spatial frame, a laser radiation source installed in it, a unit for transmitting laser radiation to the scanner connected to the latter, a hopper and a heated working chamber, the open end of which is configured to supply powder material from the hopper using a leveling knife installed on a linear leveling drive, wherein the heated working chamber is made with a mechanism for lowering the workpiece being manufactured, characterized in that the body of the heated working chamber is made of quartz glass, and the device is equipped with a high-speed infrared video camera mounted on a spatial frame and directed to the laser processing zone , a heating element in the form of a nickel-chromium thread wound around the body of the heated working chamber, and a heat insulator covering them.

Description

The invention relates to the field of laser additive technologies and is intended to produce products by heating in a heated working chamber the substrate and materials that are prone to cracking during laser processing, as well as to determine the temperature distribution in the melting zone. A device is known for producing products from fragile powder materials, made with the upper layers of the product heated by induction currents, transferring its heat to the resulting product (US Patent No. US10464170B2, published 11/05/2019). The disadvantage of this device is the high complexity of manufacturing the heating system, the ability to heat only those materials that are induced by an alternating magnetic field, technical complexity and low efficiency. Another disadvantage of this device is the lack of diagnostic devices for adjusting melting processes. The closest in technical essence to the proposed invention is a device for selective laser melting (SLM) of powder materials, selected as a prototype, containing a spatial frame, a laser radiation source installed in it, a laser radiation transmission unit connected to the latter to the scanner, a hopper and a heated working chamber , the open end of which is configured to supply powder material from the hopper using a leveling knife mounted on a linear leveling drive, while the heated working chamber is made with a mechanism for lowering the workpiece being manufactured (https://aconity3d.com/products/aconity-one/) . A disadvantage of the known device, including a technical problem, is the limited range of processed powder materials. The claimed invention was based on a technical result - expansion of operational capabilities by increasing the maximum heating temperature, ensuring an expansion of the range of processed powder materials, as well as optimization of processing parameters by finding the temperature distribution in the melting zone. The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a device for selective laser melting of powder materials, containing a spatial frame, a laser radiation source installed in it, a unit for transmitting laser radiation to the scanner connected to the latter, a hopper and a heated working chamber, the open end of which is configured to supply powder material from the hopper using a leveling knife mounted on a linear leveling drive, while the heated working chamber is made with a mechanism for lowering the workpiece being manufactured, the body of the heated working chamber is made of quartz glass, and the device is equipped with a high-speed infrared spectrum video camera mounted on a spatial frame and directed into the laser processing zone, a heating element in the form of a nickel-chromium thread wound around the body of the heated working chamber, and a heat insulator covering them. The invention is illustrated graphically. The drawing schematically shows a device for selective laser melting of powder materials. A device for selective laser melting of powder materials contains a spatial frame 1, a laser radiation source 2 installed in it, a laser radiation transmission unit 3 connected to the latter to the scanner 4, a hopper 5 and a heated working chamber 6, the open end of which is configured to supply powder material 7 from the hopper 8 using a leveling knife 9 mounted on a linear leveling drive 10, while the heated working chamber 6 is made with a mechanism for lowering the workpiece being manufactured 11, in the claimed device the body of the heated working chamber 6 is made of quartz glass, and the device is equipped with a high-speed infrared video camera 12 spectrum mounted on a space frame, a heating element in the form of a nickel-chromium thread 13, wound on the body of the heated working chamber, and a heat insulator 14 covering them. A device for selective laser melting of powder materials operates as follows. Before manufacturing a part by selective laser melting, powder material 7 is poured into hopper 8, and a substrate is installed into the heated working chamber 6 to produce the product layer-by-layer. The powder from the hopper 5 is supplied to the open end of the heated working chamber, after which it is leveled using a leveling knife 9, which is driven by a linear leveling drive 10. Then the required temperature of the heated working chamber 6 is set and the heating element in the form of a nickel-chromium thread 13 is turned on. The remaining parts of the device are protected from unwanted thermal effects by a heat insulator 14. After heating to a given temperature, the laser radiation source 2, the scanner 4, connected to the laser radiation source 2, the laser radiation transmission unit 3 is turned on. Then the laser radiation source 2 switches to the emission mode and at this time The scanner 4 deflects the laser beam in accordance with the specified processing program; after completing the processing of the layer, the workpiece is lowered using the lowering mechanism of the workpiece b