RU-2804330-C1 - X-BAND ACTIVE PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA TRANSCEIVER MODULE

RU2804330C1RU 2804330 C1RU2804330 C1RU 2804330C1RU-2804330-C1

Abstract

FIELD: antennas. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the design of transceiver modules for active phased antenna arrays in the X-band frequency range. The technical result of this invention is to increase the accuracy of determining the speed and angular coordinates of a target, and increase the detection range of objects. The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the transmitting-receiving module, each modulator is made in the form of a monolithic integrated circuit (MIC) with a built-in n-bit attenuator, the input of which is connected to the output of the pre-power amplifier, and an n-bit phase shifter, while the input of the MIC of the receiving channel is connected through a matching amplifier to a low-noise amplifier, which is connected to a protective device, the input of which is connected to the output of the circulator, the input of the circulator is connected to the output of the output power amplifier, the input of the pre-power amplifier is connected to the MIC of the transmitting channel, and the branch part of the directional coupler contains a matched load and a detector a diode, the output of which is connected to an ADC, the output of which is connected to the input of the PLIC, which has two control buses, the control driver input is connected to the first, and the control inputs of the MIC receiving and transmitting channels are connected to the second. EFFECT: increased accuracy of determining the speed and angular coordinates of a target, and increased detection range of objects. 1 cl, 1 dwg

Inventors

Karasev Maksim Sergeevich
Shchegolev Sergei Andreevich
Adiatulin Andrei Vladimirovich
Putilin Aleksandr Pavlovich

Dates

Publication Date: 20230928
Application Date: 20221208

Claims (1)

A transmitting-receiving module of an active phased array antenna of the X-band frequency, containing transmitting and receiving channels, including a circulator, a modulator with an n-bit attenuator and an n-bit phase shifter, wherein the transmitting channel includes an output power amplifier, a pre-power amplifier, and a receiving channel includes a protective device, a low-noise amplifier and a matching amplifier, characterized in that each modulator is made in the form of a monolithic integrated circuit (MIC) of a vector modulator with a built-in n-bit attenuator and an n-bit phase shifter, and the input of the MIC of the transmitting channel is its input, the output of the MIC the receiving channel is its output, the MIC input of the receiving channel is connected through a matching amplifier to a low-noise amplifier, the input of which is connected to the output of the protective device, and the input of which is connected to the output of the circulator, the second output of which is the input of the receiving channel and the output of the transmitting channel, the circulator input is connected to the output of the output power amplifier, the input of which is connected to the output of the directional coupler, and the input of which is connected to the output of the controlled n-bit attenuator, the input of which is connected to the output of the pre-power amplifier, the input of which is connected to the MIC of the transmitting channel, the branch part of the directional coupler contains a matched load with wave impedance 50 Ohms and a detector diode, to the output of which is connected the input of an analog-to-digital converter, the output of which is connected to the input of a programmable logic integrated circuit having two control buses, the first is connected to the input of a control driver, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of a controlled n-bit attenuator , and the control inputs of the MIC of the receiving and transmitting channels are connected to the second control bus, and each active element has a supply voltage bus.

Description

The invention relates to radio-electronic devices, namely to the design of transceiver modules of active phased antenna arrays (APAAA) of the X-frequency range. A transceiver module for an active phased array antenna in the microwave range is known [RF Patent No. 2454763С1 H01Q 21/00], containing at least one “receive/transmit” switch with 2 positions. The transmitting channel includes at least one controlled n-bit step phase shifter, a pre-power amplifier, an output power amplifier, and an output of the transmitting channel, which is the output of the module, connected in series. One “input” contact in the “receive” switch position, which is connected to the output of the receiving channel, contains an additional n-bit step phase shifter and two matching amplifiers. Both phase shifters are connected to the same control circuit. The receiving channel contains at least one controlled n-bit step attenuator, an additional n-bit step attenuator, at least one low-noise amplifier, a protective device and a receiving channel input, which is a module input, wherein the attenuators are connected to one control circuit , the input of one of which is connected to the output of an additional n-bit attenuator, and a microwave signal power divider. In the second receiving channel, the input of an additional n-bit step attenuator can be connected to the second output of the divider, and the output of the n-bit step attenuator to the input of the first matching amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of an additional n-bit step phase shifter, the output of the n-bit step phase shifter connected to the input of the second matching amplifier. The disadvantages of this technical solution are: - probability of self-excitation of the transmitting microwave path at low ambient temperatures, - high power consumption due to the use of two matching amplifiers, an additional n-bit phase shifter, an n-bit phase shifter and a separate control circuit as part of the transmitting channel design. A known transceiver module for an active phased array antenna in the microwave range, adopted as a prototype [RF Patent No. 2713079 H01Q 21/00,]. The module contains at least one “receive/transmit” switch with 2 positions, the “input-output” contact of which is the input-output of the module. The “output” contact in the “transmit” switch position is connected to the input of the transmitting channel, which includes at least one controlled n-bit step phase shifter and an additional n-bit step phase shifter connected in series, with both phase shifters connected to the same control circuit, matching amplifiers , pre-power amplifier, output power amplifier. The output of the transmitting channel, which is the output of the module, and at least one “input” contact in the “receive” switch position, which is connected to the output of the receiving channel containing at least one controlled n-bit step phase shifter connected in series, an additional n-bit step phase shifter, at least one controlled n-bit step attenuator, an additional n-bit step attenuator, at least one low-noise amplifier, a protective device and a receiving channel input, which is an input of the module, wherein the attenuators are connected to one control circuit and phase shifters are connected to one control circuit, matching amplifiers, and in each channel, each phase shifter or attenuator control circuit contains a control signal level converter. The transmitting channel includes a second switch, the input of which is connected to the output of the first, and the output is connected to the input of a controlled n-bit step phase shifter, the output of which is connected to the input of the first matching amplifier, the amplifier output is connected to the input of an additional n-bit step phase shifter, the output of which is connected to the input of a controlled n-bit step attenuator, the output of which is connected to the input of an additional n-bit step attenuator, the output of which is connected to the input of the second matching amplifier, the output of which is connected to the third switch. The first output of the third switch is connected to the input of the first switch, and the second output, through the third matching amplifier, is connected to a pre-power amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the output power amplifier, a modulator of the transmitting channel is connected to the power amplifiers, and the channel additionally contains a power control system, input which is connected to the output of the output power amplifier, and the output is connected to the output of the X-circulator, the input of which is the output of the module. The input of the receiving channel is connected to the input of the X-circulator, and the second output is connected to the input of the protective device, the output of the protective device is connected to the input of the attenuator, the output of which is connected to the input of the low-