RU-2861291-C1 - CHARGING DEVICE

RU2861291C1RU 2861291 C1RU2861291 C1RU 2861291C1RU-2861291-C1

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in battery charging devices, including lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries operating under conditions of severe temperature and mechanical influences. In the charging device, containing terminals for connecting the battery, a signal level analyser, the input of which is connected to the terminals, and the first output is connected to the input of the signal time characteristics analyser, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the stabiliser control unit, the first output of which is connected through the battery charging current stabiliser to the terminals, a power failure detector, the first input of which is connected to the output of the secondary power supply, the second input is connected to the second output of the stabiliser control unit, and the first output is connected to the common bus of the secondary power supply, additionally introduced are a charge speed analyser, the output of which is connected to the second input of the stabiliser control unit, and an ambient temperature sensor, the output of which is connected to the first input of the charge speed analyser, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the signal level analyser, and the third input is connected to the second output of the signal time characteristics analyser. The N-channel input of the charge speed analyser is connected to the N-channel output of the power failure detector, which is also connected to the N-channel input of the stabiliser control unit, where N ³ 1. In particular, the power failure detector contains N comparators, the outputs of which are the N-channel output of the power failure detector, while their first inputs are connected to the outputs of N reference voltage sources, and the second inputs of the comparators are connected and connected to the output of an amplifier, the input of which is connected to the first output of the temporary information storage unit containing a diode, the anode of which is the first input of the temporary information storage unit, and also the first input of the power failure detector, the cathode of the diode is connected to the first input of the current switch, the second control input of which is the second input of the temporary information storage unit, and also the second input of the power failure detector, and the output of the current switch is connected through the capacitor charging current stabiliser to the connection point of the first terminal of the capacitor and the first terminal of the capacitor discharge current stabiliser, which is the first output of the temporary information storage unit, and the connection point of their second terminals is the second output of the temporary information storage unit, and also the first output of the power failure detector and is connected to the common bus of the secondary power supply of the charging device. EFFECT: increase in technical safety during battery charging. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Inventors

Koskovskij Sergej Vyacheslavovich
IVANOV VLADIMIR PETROVICH
Denisov Igor Gennadevich
ZARIPOV RENAT ISLAMOVICH
Markuzova Venera Shajkhullovna

Dates

Publication Date: 20260504
Application Date: 20250603

Claims (2)

1. A charging device comprising terminals for connecting a battery, a signal level analyzer whose input is connected to the terminals and whose first output is connected to the input of a signal time characteristic analyzer, whose first output is connected to the first input of a stabilizer control unit, the first output of which is connected through a battery charging current stabilizer to the terminals, a power failure latch, the first input of which is connected to the output of a secondary power source, the second input to the second output of the stabilizer control unit, and the first output to the common bus of the secondary power source, characterized in that it additionally includes a charging rate analyzer, the output of which is connected to the second input of the stabilizer control unit, and an ambient temperature meter, the output of which is connected to the first input of the charging rate analyzer, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the signal level analyzer, and the third input to the second output of the signal time characteristic analyzer, wherein the N-channel input of the charging rate analyzer is connected to the N-channel output of the power failure latch, which is also connected to the N-channel input stabilizer control unit, where N ≥ 1.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power failure clamp comprises N comparators, the outputs of which are an N-channel output of the power failure clamp, wherein their first inputs are connected to the outputs of N reference voltage sources, and the second inputs of the comparators are connected and connected to the output of an amplifier, the input of which is connected to the first output of a temporary information storage unit containing a diode, the anode of which is the first input of the temporary information storage unit, as well as the first input of the power failure clamp, the cathode of the diode is connected to the first input of a current switch, the second control input of which is the second input of the temporary information storage unit, as well as the second input of the power failure clamp, and the output of the current switch is connected through a capacitor charging current stabilizer to the junction point of the first terminal of the capacitor and the first terminal of the capacitor discharge current stabilizer, which is the first output of the temporary information storage unit, and the junction point of their second terminals is the second output of the temporary information storage unit, as well as the first output of the clamp power failure and is connected to the common bus of the secondary power supply of the charger.

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in devices for charging batteries, including lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, operating under conditions of severe temperature and mechanical influences. A charging device is known that contains terminals electrically connected to each other, a battery charging current stabilizer, a charge level analyzer, and a charge time characteristic analyzer (patent RU 2280304, IPC H02J 7/02, published 20.07.2006). The disadvantage of this charger is the presence of charging failures (transition to the beginning of the charging cycle), which occur when the power supply to the charger fails. From the prior art, based on a combination of essential features, the closest device was found and selected as a prototype - a charger containing terminals for connecting a battery, a signal level analyzer, the input of which is connected to the terminals, and the output to the input of a signal time characteristic analyzer, the output of which is connected to the first input of the stabilizer control unit, the output of which is connected through the battery charging current stabilizer to the terminals, a power failure clamp, the input of which is connected to the output of a secondary power source, the first output to the common bus of the secondary power source (patent RU 2761495, IPC H02J 7/02, published 08.12.2021). The disadvantage of the charger is the lack of operational control of the serviceability of the charged Li-ion battery. During operation, especially under conditions of severe mechanical and temperature influences, a micro-short circuit or short circuit may occur inside the Li-ion battery. If the charging current supplied by the charger flows through such a battery for a sufficiently long period of time, the battery will become very hot and will become depressurized, ignite with a temperature exceeding 1000°C, explode, and spray out burning droplets. An indicator of the absence of an internal short circuit (micro-short circuit) in the battery is a certain rate of its charge, measured over the time during which the faulty battery does not have time to heat up to a critical temperature. The charging rate can be estimated by the magnitude of the battery voltage increment ΔU during the control charging time T meas. at a given charging current (for a serviceable battery it should not be below the threshold value ΔU por .). If a battery containing only one cell experiences a complete internal circuit (not a micro-short circuit), it will not charge at all. If a battery consisting of several cells (for example, a 2LIA-3 battery containing two cells) is being charged and only one cell shorts, the battery will continue to charge, and the battery voltage will increase, but at a slower rate than a healthy battery. In this case, the faulty battery can will heat up, which after a certain time will lead to depressurization of the entire battery and its explosion. When monitoring the charging rate in the field, especially when charging multi-cell batteries, where increased measurement accuracy is required, it is necessary to take into account the time the battery is disconnected from the charger and the time of the power failure during the measurement interval T meas. when calculating the control charging time T meas . Furthermore, battery capacity is significantly dependent on ambient temperature. With the same charging current, the same healthy battery will charge differently at different ambient temperatures. The time during which it is necessary to check the battery charging rate (T meas. ) is limited by the heating of the battery to a critical temperature. In this regard, if during the charge rate monitoring there is a short-term disconnection of the battery from the charger or a power failure in the charger, and the charger perceives this as the beginning of a new charge cycle, then in the case where the battery is faulty, and during the process of monitoring the charge rate before the disconnections and failures it has already heated up and has not had time to cool down, during repeated monitoring in a new charge cycle and charge rate monitoring the battery will overheat and become depressurized. Thus, the charger must analyze the time of disconnection of the battery from the charger, the time of power failure, preventing a false start of a new charging cycle, take these times into account when calculating the battery charging rate and additionally take into account the ambient temperature in the final assessment (based on the charging rate) of the battery's health. In this case, the power failure recorder must not only record the fact of a power failure, but also measure its duration. The objective of the proposed technical solution is to eliminate the shortcomings of analogues. The technical result of the declared technical solution is to improve safety during the battery charging process. The technical result is achieved in that, in accordance with the present