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RU-2861336-C1 - DEVICE FOR DETERMINING LIQUID DENSITY AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

RU2861336C1RU 2861336 C1RU2861336 C1RU 2861336C1RU-2861336-C1

Abstract

FIELD: measuring technology. SUBSTANCE: device for determining liquid density and ambient temperature comprises a float rigidly fixed on a support, springs fixed on an upper support, a lower support, a liquid capsule, a liquid with a liquid level. Additionally, the device comprises an outer housing mounted on the lower support; scales on which the liquid capsule is installed, consisting of a platform, sensors converting physical pressure from the weighed body into electrical signals, an electronic control unit processing signals coming from the sensors, a database containing the names of main liquids and the dependence of their densities on temperature, a calculator connected to the sensors and the electronic control unit and intended for automatically calculating an additional weight force equal and oppositely directed to the Archimedes force acting on the float when the float is immersed in the liquid without the float contacting the walls of the liquid capsule, as well as for automatically calculating the liquid density using the formula as the ratio of the difference in the mass of the liquid after and before immersing the float in the liquid to the volume of the float, for automatically calculating the liquid temperature, the ambient temperature, as well as for storing information; electric batteries as a power source; vertical supports fixed on the lower support and connected to the upper support by means of springs; upper parts of locking connections mounted on the upper support; lower parts of locking connections mounted on the vertical supports; an inlet pipe with a gate valve mounted on the liquid capsule; an outlet pipe with a gate valve mounted on the liquid capsule; membranes connected to the upper support and the liquid capsule to maintain tightness; a liquid selection button; a temperature scale selection button; a language selection button; a mass measurement button for measuring the initial mass of the liquid poured inside the liquid capsule, and for measuring the final mass of the liquid after immersing the float in the liquid; a mass difference calculation button; a display on which data on the initial mass of the liquid, the final mass of the liquid, the mass difference, the additional weight force equal to the Archimedes force acting on the float, the name of the liquid, the density of the liquid, the temperature of the liquid are displayed; wherein the float is rigidly connected to the upper support by means of the support; also, a visualisation window is installed in the outer housing for observing the liquid level in the liquid capsule; liquid level marks are placed on the surface of the liquid capsule, including a mark for the minimum possible and a mark for the maximum possible liquid level inside the liquid capsule; wherein the scales and the display are set to start automatically when a volume of liquid enters the liquid capsule, and to turn off automatically one minute after pressing any button if the liquid selection button, the temperature scale selection button, the language selection button, the mass difference calculation button, the mass measurement button are not pressed subsequently. EFFECT: reducing the number of measuring elements in the device for determining liquid density and ambient temperature. 6 cl, 8 dwg

Inventors

  • Altunin Konstantin Vitalevich

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20250926

Claims (6)

  1. 1. A device for determining the density of a liquid and the temperature of the environment, comprising a float rigidly fixed to a support, springs fixed to an upper support, a lower support, a liquid capsule, a liquid with a liquid level, characterized in that it comprises an outer casing mounted on the lower support; a scale on which a liquid capsule is installed, the scale consisting of a platform, sensors that convert the physical pressure from the weighed body into electrical signals, an electronic control unit that processes the signals coming from the sensors, a database containing the names of the main liquids and the dependences of their densities on temperature, a calculator connected to the sensors and the electronic control unit and intended for the automatic calculation of an additional weighing force equal and opposite to the Archimedes force acting on the float when the float is immersed in the liquid without the float coming into contact with the walls of the liquid capsule, as well as for the automatic calculation of the density of the liquid using a formula in the form of a ratio of the difference in the mass of the liquid after and before immersion of the float in the liquid to the volume of the float, for the automatic calculation of the temperature of the liquid, the ambient temperature, and for storing information; electric batteries as a power source; vertical supports secured to the lower support and connected to the upper support by means of springs; upper parts of the locking connections installed on the upper support; the lower parts of the locking joints installed on the vertical supports; an inlet pipe with a gate valve installed on the liquid capsule; an outlet pipe with a gate valve installed on the liquid capsule; membranes connected to the upper support and the liquid capsule to maintain tightness; a liquid selection button; a temperature scale selection button; a language selection button; a mass measurement button for measuring the initial mass of the liquid poured into the liquid capsule and for measuring the final mass of the liquid after the float is immersed in the liquid; a mass difference calculation button; a display that displays data on the initial mass of the liquid, the final mass of the liquid, the mass difference, the additional weight force equal to the Archimedes force acting on the float, the name of the liquid, the density of the liquid, and the temperature of the liquid; wherein the float is rigidly connected to the upper support by means of a support; The outer casing also includes a visualization window for monitoring the liquid level in the liquid capsule; liquid level markers are located on the surface of the liquid capsule, including a minimum and a maximum level marker for the liquid inside the liquid capsule; the scale and display are configured to automatically start when a certain amount of liquid enters the liquid capsule, and to automatically shut off one minute after any button is pressed if the buttons for selecting the liquid, selecting the temperature scale, selecting the language, calculating the mass difference, and measuring the mass are not pressed once.
  2. 2. A device for determining the density of a liquid and the ambient temperature according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the lower part of the support on which the float is mounted is made in the form of a rod, the lower part of which has the smallest cross-section compared to its other sections.
  3. 3. A device for determining the density of a liquid and the ambient temperature according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the liquid selection button performs an additional function in the form of an automatic search for the most suitable liquid from the database by continuously pressing the liquid selection button for more than three seconds.
  4. 4. A device for determining the density of a liquid and the ambient temperature according to paragraph 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure current monitoring of the density of the liquid and the ambient temperature, the language selection button performs an additional function in the form of setting the continuous operation of the display and scales by continuously pressing the language selection button for more than three seconds.
  5. 5. A device for determining the density of a liquid and the ambient temperature according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the temperature scale selection button performs the additional function of placing the data presented on the display in the calculator’s memory by continuously pressing the temperature scale selection button for more than three seconds.
  6. 6. A device for determining the density of a liquid and the ambient temperature according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it comprises a fan, a battery housing, a battery, an electrical cord with an electrical plug, a button for turning the fan on and off, a button for selecting the fan operating mode, an electrical cord for powering the scales and the display; wherein the fan is installed in an external housing, receiving electrical energy from a battery located inside the battery housing and charged with electrical energy through an electrical cord with an electrical plug from an external electrical power source.

Description

The invention relates to measuring technology, and more specifically to devices for measuring density and temperature. Technical devices known as liquid thermometers (see GOST 28498-90, Liquid-in-glass thermometers, General technical requirements, test methods, date of introduction - 01.01.1991) have a shell, a capillary tube, a flask in which a liquid with a certain coefficient of volumetric thermal expansion (for example, mercury, alcohol, etc.) is placed, temperature scale marks, etc. Disadvantages of liquid thermometers: when mercury is used, mercury has a high freezing point and a lower coefficient of volumetric thermal expansion; when alcohol is used, alcohol wets the walls of the capillary tube, and alcohol has a low boiling point at normal atmospheric pressure; in general, liquid thermometers are not very accurate, they can measure temperatures over a narrow range, they break easily, the scale of such devices can obscure the meniscus of the liquid, and scratches and other defects may appear on the reservoir and thermometer shell, affecting the durability of the thermometer and interfering with the accurate temperature reading on the scale. There are well-known technical devices called hydrometers, instruments for measuring the density of liquids, the operating principle of which is based on Archimedes' principle (see Physical Encyclopedic Dictionary / Ed. in chief A.M. Prokhorov. Edited by D.M. Alekseev, A.M. Bonch-Bruevich, A.S. Borovik et al. - Moscow: Sov. Encyclopedia, 1983. - Pp. 32-33. - 982 p.). A hydrometer is usually a glass float weighted with shot or mercury to achieve the required mass; in the upper, narrow part there is a scale that is graduated in the values of the density of the solution or the concentration of the dissolved substance; the density of the solution is equal to the ratio of the mass of the hydrometer to the volume to which it is immersed in the liquid; accordingly, a distinction is made between hydrometers of constant volume and hydrometers of constant mass. Disadvantages of some hydrometers: when converting hydrometer readings from tables, it is necessary to take into account the thermal expansion of the glass from which the hydrometer is made (see GOST 8.599 - 2010. Interstate standard. State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Density of light petroleum products. - Moscow: Standartinform, 2012); glass hydrometers are quite fragile (see GOST 18481-81. Interstate standard. Glass hydrometers and cylinders. General specifications. - Moscow: Standartinform, 2007). An invention known as "Device for Measuring Liquid Density" (see Zubarev N.V., Fadin I.M., Device for Measuring Liquid Density, Russian Federation Patent IZ No. 2343451, IPC G01N 9/12, published 10.01.2009, Bulletin No. 1) comprises a chamber filled with the liquid being tested, in which a float equipped with a permanent magnet and made of a non-magnetic material is vertically located, as well as a solenoid, an inductive float position sensor and a stable current generator; wherein the float in the chamber is mounted in two mutually coaxial guide bearings and is additionally equipped with a magnetic core insert, which is separated from the permanent magnet and is located in the float below the permanent magnet; An inductive float position sensor is comprised of two identical inductance coils located in a measuring bridge, one above the other, coaxial with the float's guide bearings, and positioned outside the lower chamber; a solenoid encircles the upper chamber; and a magnetic core insert in the float is separated from the permanent magnet so that, while the permanent magnet of the float is located within the solenoid at the corresponding float position, the magnetic core insert of the float is located between the inductance coils of the measuring bridge. The technical result of the invention is to increase the sensitivity and accuracy of the device. Possible disadvantages of this invention: the device is quite complex; it is impossible to determine the ambient temperature. An invention known as "Device for Measuring Liquid Density" (see Podgornov V.A., Kazakov V.R., Device for Measuring Liquid Density, Russian Federation Patent IZ No. 2095785, IPC G01N 9/20, published 10.11.1997) comprises a float and a permanent magnet secured at opposite ends of a rocker arm mounted so as to be able to rotate in supports of a housing located above the rocker arm, an electromagnet coil located above the trajectory of the permanent magnet, a sensor for changing the position of the float, a variable direct current setter through the electromagnet coil, and a current meter; wherein the informative parameter is the current of detachment of the permanent magnet from the electromagnet coil with a gradual decrease in the current through it, which causes an abrupt transition of the rocker arm to a stable state, characterized by the abutment of the float against the housing, specified by the initial balancing of the roc