RU-2861356-C1 - METHOD FOR DRY BENEFICIATION OF METALLURGICAL TAILINGS

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: method for dry beneficiation of metallurgical tailings containing magnetic and electrically conductive non-magnetic materials can be used to extract electrically conductive and magnetic non-electrically conductive materials from metallurgical tailings. The initial material of metallurgical tailings is crushed. A reactive supersonic gas flow with a temperature of 700-800°C is formed in a gas generator and the crushed material is fed into it to form a gas-powder flow. In an impact grinding device, the gas-powder flow collides with an inclined obstacle, which forms a vortex flow of material. From the grinding device, the vortex flow is fed to a cyclone classifier to obtain conditioned material and screening of unconditioned material. The obtained conditioned material is fed to a beneficiation conveyor, where sorting into a magnetic fraction, an electrically conductive fraction and tailings is carried out. EFFECT: increase in the efficiency of separating materials, including those of flaky shape and size less than 1 mm, use of initial material of any moisture content without the need for additional drying, which leads to an increase in productivity, as well as environmental friendliness of beneficiation due to reduced energy consumption. 5 cl, 3 dwg, 1 ex

Inventors

• Ivanov Aleksei Sergeevich
• Blinov Leonid Leonidovich
• SKRYLNIKOV ALEKSANDR IVANOVICH

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20250710

Claims (11)

1. 1. A method for dry enrichment of metallurgical tailings containing magnetic and electrically conductive non-magnetic materials, comprising:
2. - crushing of the source material of metallurgical tailings,
3. - formation of a supersonic jet gas flow with a temperature of 700-800°C in the gas generator,
4. - feeding the obtained metallurgical tailings material into the specified gas flow with the formation of a gas-powder flow,
5. - collision of a gas-powder flow with an inclined barrier in an impact grinding device, producing a vortex flow of crushed material,
6. - feeding a vortex flow of crushed material from the crushing device into a cyclone classifier to obtain conditioned material and screen out substandard material,
7. - feeding the obtained conditioned material into a beneficiating conveyor and sorting the said material into a magnetic fraction, an electrically conductive fraction and a tail.
8. 2. The method according to paragraph 1, wherein the speed of the gas flow formed in the gas generator is 4-5 Mach.
9. 3. The method according to paragraph 1, in which the crushing of the initial material of metallurgical tailings is carried out on a vibrating screen, after which particles of the obtained material no larger than 2 mm in size are screened out and fed into the gas flow, and material with a particle size of more than 2 mm is returned for crushing.
10. 4. The method according to paragraph 1, in which the conditioned material with a particle size of no more than 100 μm is fed into the enrichment conveyor, and the substandard material, the particle size of which is more than 100 μm, is returned for feeding into the said gas flow.
11. 5. The method according to paragraph 1, in which before feeding the conditioned material into the conveyor-enricher, it is processed on a vibrating table.

Description

[01] FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY [02] The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, namely to dry enrichment processes, and can be used to recover electrically conductive and magnetic non-conductive materials from metallurgical tailings. [03] LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY [04] Electrical separation of ores and tailings possessing electromagnetic and conductive properties is of particular practical interest at the current stage of economic development in the Russian Federation. The physical basis for implementing this technology is the electrical properties of the main minerals. [05] Until now, the practice of obtaining concentrate from raw materials with magnetic properties has been carried out by traditional methods of magnetic separation using mills to bring the enriched material to the required size, using a large amount of water and energy to separate the water after grinding and drying the material for subsequent magnetic separation. [06] The complexity of processing various minerals stems from the difficulty of breaking up intergrowths of valuable components with waste rock to extract them into commercial products of acceptable quality. The primary objective of raw material disintegration is to break down the mineral along phase boundaries without over-grinding and while minimizing energy consumption. The low efficiency of processing by traditional methods, significant losses, and the low concentration of valuable components significantly reduce the technical and economic performance of subsequent processing and lead to increased sanitary, environmental, and social problems. [07] The closest analogue of the invention is the method of dry enrichment of material described in the Russian Federation patent for utility model RU 50129, December 27, 2005. The proposed technology for enrichment of ore and non-metallic materials, including metallurgical waste and tailings, provides for the following stages: drying the material in a drum; crushing the material; gas-jet grinding of the material in a counter-current jet mill; and magnetic separation of the crushed material by means of a magnetic collector to obtain magnetic and non-magnetic fractions. [08] The disadvantage of this technology is the complexity of the process, associated with the need for preliminary drying of the material, as well as the low percentage of extraction of valuable components. [09] Thus, the main technical problem that the claimed invention is aimed at solving is the insufficient efficiency and high complexity of the dry enrichment process. [010] DISCLOSURE OF THE ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION [011] The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of separation of minerals, including those of flaky form and less than 1 mm in size, the possibility of using source material of any moisture content without the need for additional drying, an increase in productivity and environmental friendliness of enrichment, and a reduction in energy costs. [012] The said technical result is achieved in the claimed invention due to the fact that the method for dry enrichment of metallurgical tailings containing minerals possessing magnetic and/or electrically conductive properties provides for the following operations: crushing the source material; forming a reactive high-temperature supersonic gas flow in a gas generator; feeding material into the said gas flow with the formation of a gas-powder flow; collision of the gas-powder flow with an inclined barrier in an impact grinding device with the production of a vortex flow of crushed material; feeding the vortex flow of crushed material from the grinding device into a cyclone classifier with the provision of screening out substandard material; feeding the standard material into a conveyor-beneficiator with the provision of sorting the material into a magnetic fraction, an electrically conductive fraction and a tail. [013] The specified technical result is also achieved in particular forms of implementation of the invention due to the fact that: [014] - in the gas generator, a gas flow is formed at a speed of 4-5 Mach and a temperature of 700-800°C; [015] - after crushing on a vibrating screen, material no larger than 2 mm is screened out and fed into the gas flow, while material larger than 2 mm is returned for crushing; [016] - conditioned material with a size of no more than 100 µm is fed into the enrichment conveyor, and substandard material with a size of less than 100 µm is returned for feeding into the gas flow; - before feeding the conditioned material into the enrichment conveyor, it is processed on a vibrating table. [017] The key feature of the claimed technology is the use of impact milling of powder in a supersonic, high-temperature gas flow by collision with an inclined barrier, which forms a vortex flow in the milling device, as well as a conveyor-enrichment device that allows for the separation of magnetic and electrically conductive non-magnetic materials. This enables efficient enrichment without th