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RU-2861365-C1 - COMPACT X-RAY TUBE WITH FLAT RADIATION PATTERN

RU2861365C1RU 2861365 C1RU2861365 C1RU 2861365C1RU-2861365-C1

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of compact X-ray tubes and can be used in a wide range of applications, for example, for X-ray structural analysis, flaw detection, medicine, customs, detection of explosives and narcotic substances. In a compact X-ray tube with a flat radiation pattern, comprising an evacuated housing 1, an output window 2, an anode 3, a cathode 4, a getter 5 and a power and control unit 9, at least one more cathode 4 is introduced. If the number of cathodes 4 is more than two, they are arranged linearly relative to each other. The anode 3 is common to all cathodes 4, which are isolated from each other and connected separately via current leads 7 to the power and control unit 9. EFFECT: reduction in the size of the X-ray tube, increase in the output radiation power and the durability of the device. 9 cl, 2 dwg

Inventors

  • SHESHIN EVGENIJ PAVLOVICH
  • FROLOV VLADIMIR IGOREVICH
  • Tsurkov Nikolaj Aleksandrovich
  • KHANBEKOV IVAN FERITOVICH
  • Kopytov Dmitrij Vyacheslavovich
  • Makarova Kamila Turekkanovna
  • Parashchuk Anastasiya Vladislavovna

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251112

Claims (9)

  1. 1. A small-sized X-ray tube with a flat radiation pattern, including an evacuated housing, an output window, an anode, a cathode, a getter, and a power supply and control unit, characterized in that at least one more cathode is introduced into it, and if the number of cathodes is more than two, then they are located linearly in relation to each other, and the anode is common to all cathodes, all cathodes are isolated from each other and connected separately through current leads to the power supply and control unit.
  2. 2. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the vacuumized body is made of C52-1 glass.
  3. 3. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the vacuumized body is made of ceramics.
  4. 4. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the output window is made of beryllium.
  5. 5. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that each cathode is a field cathode made of carbon nanotubes.
  6. 6. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that each cathode is a field emission cathode made of graphene.
  7. 7. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that each cathode is a field cathode made of structural graphite.
  8. 8. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that each cathode is an autocathode made of carbon polyacrylonitrile fiber.
  9. 9. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the power and control unit is permanently attached to the evacuated housing through an insulator.

Description

The invention relates to the field of small-sized X-ray tubes and can be used in a wide range of applications, for example, for X-ray structural analysis, flaw detection, medicine, customs, detection of explosives and narcotic substances. An X-ray tube is known (WO 2014007167) containing an evacuated housing, an output window, a target (anode) and a directly heated cathode. Its disadvantage is the use of a long heated cathode, which, firstly, consumes a lot of energy, and secondly, complicates the design and increases the overall dimensions of the tube. Also known is a small-sized X-ray tube with a flat radiation pattern, including an evacuated housing, an output window, a target (anode), a cathode, a getter, and a power supply and control unit (WO 2007135812). Its disadvantage is the small area of the cathode and target (anode), which reduces the output power of X-ray radiation and increases the dimensions of the X-ray tube, thereby reducing the durability of the device. This device was chosen as a prototype of the proposed solution. The technical result of the invention is a reduction in the size of the X-ray tube and an increase in the radiation output power. This also increases the durability of the device. The essence of the invention is that at least one more cathode is introduced into a small-sized X-ray tube with a flat radiation diagram, including an evacuated housing, an output window, an anode, a cathode, a getter and a power supply and control unit, wherein, if the number of cathodes is more than two, they are located linearly in relation to each other, and the anode is common to all cathodes, all cathodes are isolated from each other and connected separately through current leads to the power supply and control unit. There is a version in which the vacuum body is made of C52-1 glass. There is also a version in which the vacuum body is made of ceramics. There is also a variant in which the output window is made of beryllium. There is also a variant in which each cathode is a field emission cathode made of carbon nanotubes. There is also a variant in which each cathode is a graphene field cathode. There is also a variant in which each cathode is a field cathode made of structural graphite. There is also a variant in which each cathode is a field cathode made of carbon polyacrylonitrile fiber. There is also an option in which the power and control unit is permanently attached to the evacuated housing through an insulator. Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a small-sized X-ray tube with a flat radiation pattern. Fig. 2 shows section A-A from Fig. 1. A compact X-ray tube with a flat radiation pattern includes an evacuated housing 1 with an exit window 2. The evacuated housing 1 may be parallelepiped-shaped and made of C52-1 glass or ceramic, such as 22XC. The exit window 2 may be made of C52-1 glass or beryllium. The evacuated housing 1 contains an anode 3, a cathode 4, and a getter 5. The anode 3 may be made of tungsten, molybdenum, copper, or other materials, depending on the desired radiation spectrum. The getter 5 may be parallelepiped-shaped and made of a titanium-based material. The evacuated housing 1 may be vacuum-tightly secured to the base 6 by gluing it with vacuum-tight glass. As a significant distinguishing feature, at least one more cathode 4 is introduced into the compact X-ray tube with a flat radiation pattern. If there are more than two cathodes 4, they are arranged linearly with respect to each other. The distance between the cathodes 4 may be in the range of 0.1-1.0 mm. In this case, the anode 3 is common to all cathodes 4 and may be implemented as a sprayed coating. All cathodes 4 are secured in the insulator 8 via current leads 7 and are separately connected via current leads 7 to the power and control unit 9. The anode lead 10 is secured to the insulator 8 and connected to the anode 3. The stinger 11 is located outside the insulator 8. There is also a variant in which each cathode 4 is a field-emitting cathode made of carbon nanotubes. This variant can be implemented by depositing 12 nanotubes on a substrate using the CVD method. Substrate 12 can be made of any vacuum-compatible conductive material, such as silicon, or metals such as nickel or molybdenum. There is also a variant in which each cathode 4 is a graphene field-emission cathode. This variant can be implemented as a graphene foil. Substrate 12 can be made of any vacuum-compatible conductive material, such as silicon, or metals such as nickel or molybdenum. The graphene foil can be secured to substrate 12 with Aquadag adhesive. There is also a variant in which each cathode 4 is a field-emitting cathode made of structural graphite. This variant can be realized as a plate cut from a graphite block. Substrate 12 can be made of any vacuum-compatible conductive material, such as silicon, or metals such as nickel or molybdenum. The structural graphite can be secured to substrate 12 with Aquadag adhesive. There is also an o