RU-2861369-C1 - METHOD FOR ASSESSING HUMORAL IMMUNITY DEFICIENCY DURING OCCUPATIONAL CONTACT WITH LEAD AND ITS COMPOUNDS

RU2861369C1RU 2861369 C1RU2861369 C1RU 2861369C1RU-2861369-C1

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; occupational medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to, specifically to, and can be used to assess humoral immunity deficiency during occupational contact with lead and its compounds. Venous blood is collected and genetic material is isolated. Polymorphic variants G-1082A of the IL10 gene and G262A of the CAT gene are determined. If allele A of the IL10 gene rs1800896 and allele A of the CAT gene rs1001179 are simultaneously detected, the risk of developing humoral immunity deficiency is predicted. EFFECT: possibility of timely identification of individuals with humoral immunity deficiency during occupational contact with lead and its compounds and timely correction to increase the adaptive capabilities of the body by determining the presence of the unfavorable allele A of the IL10 gene rs1800896 in combination with the unfavorable allele A of the CAT gene rs1001179. 1 cl, 2 ex

Inventors

Kuzmina Lyudmila Pavlovna
KHotuleva Anastasiya Grigorevna
Kolyaskina Mariya Mikhajlovna
Bezrukavnikova Lyudmila Mikhajlovna
ANOKHIN NIKOLAJ NIKOLAEVICH
Kislyakova Agata Aleksandrovna
KHOKHLOVA OLGA VLADIMIROVNA
Anvarul Nana Anzorovna

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20250908

Claims (1)

A method for assessing humoral immunity deficiency during industrial contact with lead and its compounds, including venous blood sampling, characterized in that genetic material is additionally isolated, followed by a real-time polymerase chain reaction, polymorphic variants G-1082A of the IL10 gene and G262A of the CAT gene are determined, and upon simultaneous detection of the unfavorable allele A of the IL10 gene rs1800896 and the allele A of the CAT gene rs1001179, the risk of developing humoral immunity deficiency during industrial contact with lead and its compounds is predicted.

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to occupational medicine, and can be used to assess the risk of developing humoral immunity deficiency during industrial contact with lead and its compounds. A method for assessing humoral immunity deficiency is known, which includes taking venous blood and determining the level of immunoglobulins A, M, G during industrial contact with lead and its compounds (Kuzmina L.P., Khotuleva A.G., Tsidilkovskaya E.S., Kolyaskina M.M. Assessment of immune status indicators during industrial contact with lead. Russian Journal of Immunology, 2024, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 699-706). This method allows one to determine the degree of humoral immunity impairment during occupational exposure to lead and its compounds. However, it does not allow one to assess the risk of developing humoral immunity deficiency during occupational exposure to lead and its compounds, for example, during clinical examinations or periodic medical examinations of a large number of workers over a short (compressed) period of time, since it does not take into account the hereditary predisposition to impaired synthesis of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10. This results in reduced production of interleukin-10 and the antioxidant enzyme catalase, leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the body and, consequently, the development of humoral immunity deficiency during occupational exposure to lead and its compounds. The objective of the present invention is to assess the risk of developing humoral immunity deficiency during industrial contact with lead and its compounds, for example, when conducting preliminary and periodic medical examinations of a large number of workers in short (compressed) periods of time. The technical result of the invention is the possibility of timely identification of individuals taking into account their hereditary predisposition to disruption of the synthesis of interleukin-10 and catalase and, as a consequence, to the development of humoral immunity deficiency during industrial contact with lead and its compounds for the timely prevention of its development through rational employment outside the influence of lead and its compounds and the formation of risk groups for the purpose of timely correction to increase the adaptive capacity of the body by various non-specific methods. The stated objective is achieved by collecting venous blood, isolating genetic material, conducting a real-time polymerase chain reaction, determining polymorphic variants G-1082A of the IL10 gene and G262A of the CAT gene, and, upon simultaneous detection of the unfavorable allele A of the IL10 gene rs1800896 and the allele A of the CAT gene rs1001179, predicting the risk of developing humoral immunity deficiency during industrial contact with lead and its compounds. The proposed method is based on the study of a complex of diagnostic tests, whereby the presence of an unfavorable allele of the unfavorable allele A of the IL10 gene rs1800896 in combination with an unfavorable allele A of the CAT gene rs1001179 plays an important role in identifying a hereditary predisposition to the development of humoral immunity deficiency during industrial contact with lead and its compounds. The IL-10 gene encodes the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10, which is essential for the proper functioning of the immune system. The presence of the A allele at position 1082 is associated with reduced synthesis of interleukin-10 in T cells and monocytes, which may influence the development and progression of diseases in which inflammation plays a significant role. Elevated blood lead levels in combination with the presence of the A allele at position 1082 of the IL-10 gene are associated with reduced production of this cytokine, which leads to the activation of proinflammatory cytokines that support inflammatory responses in the body. The CAT gene is located on chromosome 11 (11p13) and encodes catalase, a key enzyme in the breakdown of reactive oxygen species. The presence of the C262T polymorphism in the promoter region of the catalase gene leads to decreased enzyme activity, thereby increasing the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide, leading to an imbalance in the oxidant-antioxidant system. Lead, in turn, disrupts the body's antioxidant defenses, causing oxidative stress. This manifests itself in decreased activity of enzymes that protect cells from free radicals and increased lipid peroxidation. When the unfavorable allele A of the IL10 gene (G-1082A, rs1800896) and A of the CAT gene (G262A, rs1001179) are simultaneously detected, the risk of developing humoral immunity deficiency during industrial contact with lead and its compounds is predicted. Thus, a set of techniques has been proposed that allows for assessing the risk of developing humoral immunity deficiency during industrial contact with lead and its compounds through a comprehensive assessment of various links in the pathogenesis of humo