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RU-2861385-C1 - COMPUTER SYSTEM DEVICE FOR PANORAMIC TELEVISION SURVEILLANCE FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE

RU2861385C1RU 2861385 C1RU2861385 C1RU 2861385C1RU-2861385-C1

Abstract

FIELD: surveillance systems. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to panoramic television surveillance, which is performed by a computer system using a panoramic television camera in an area close to a hemisphere, i.e., in a solid angle of 360 degrees in azimuth and tens of degrees in elevation. The result is achieved by connecting the first information input of the video signal multiplexer and modulator to the 'Video 1' output of the first television camera, the second information input of the video signal multiplexer and modulator to the 'Video 2' output of the second television camera, the synchronisation input of the video signal multiplexer and modulator to the frame sync output of the first or second television camera, and the 'Video' output of the video signal multiplexer and modulator via a wireless communication line to the 'Video' input of the server. The control outputs of the server, namely 'Video mode selection', 'Control 1', and 'Control 2', are additionally connected to the corresponding inputs of the second television camera. The 'annular' photodetector of the first television camera and the 'annular' photodetector of the second television camera are joined (docked) together with the reverse sides of the crystals so that symmetric alignment of their targets is achieved as a result. A second image electrical fitting unit (IEFU) is introduced into the video board installed in the expansion slot on the server motherboard. EFFECT: possibility of monitoring a panoramic scene completely (simultaneously and symmetrically) in two oppositely located layers of the surrounding space, and with displaying its fragments with increased resolution. 3 cl, 12 dwg, 2 tbl

Inventors

  • SMELKOV VYACHESLAV MIKHAJLOVICH

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251029

Claims (5)

  1. 1. A device for a computer system for panoramic television surveillance for an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a first television camera and a server, which is a node of a local area network, to which two or more personal computers are connected, wherein a video board is installed in an expansion slot on the server motherboard, matched via input/output channels, control and power supply with the server bus, containing a first electrical image insertion unit (EII) which implements by software the insertion of a "ring" frame of the first television camera into a "rectangular" raster of a computer monitor, wherein in the panoramic scene surveillance mode the output of the first EII is completely connected to the "network" output of the server; wherein the claimed device of the computer system includes a multiplexer with the function of high-frequency modulation of the output video signal, i.e. a multiplexer and a video signal modulator in one block, as well as an operator command demodulator (OCD), and the first television camera includes a panoramic lens, a sensor block, a mixer with a signal switch function, i.e. a commutator-mixer in one block, an electronic mark generator and a sync pulse selector, wherein the sensor block contains in its composition an electromechanical turret with a rotation in two positions, controlled by the command "Control 1" from the system operator's computer through the DCO, wherein on the turret on a flange adjustable in height there is a "ring" photodetector and with a spacing of 180° - a guidance unit on which a matrix photodetector is mounted on a flange adjustable in height, wherein in the first position of the turret the optical image of the panoramic lens is projected onto the target of the "ring" photodetector, and in the second position of the turret a fragment of the optical frame of the panoramic lens is projected onto the target of the matrix photodetector, wherein the "ring" sensor is made on a crystal manufactured using the technology of complementary structures "metal-oxide-semiconductor" (CMOS), and contains on the target lines of light-sensitive elements (pixels), located along the radial directions from an imaginary center of a circular ring to its outer periphery, wherein the number of light-sensitive pixels in each "ring" line of the target is the same, and their area (Δ) varies from line to line, increasing as they move toward the outer periphery of the sensor, wherein the target of the "ring" sensor consists of photodiode active pixels, each of which has an amplifier with a gain of K m , as well as a built-in analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that ensures the transmission of the video signal of the active pixel to its "radial" video bus, while all of them together combine the active pixels of the target into "radial" columns, and the ADC control for the pixels located along each "ring" line of the sensor is carried out using a separate "ring" line bus, the total number of which determines the number of lines in the sensor, and the number of "radial" video buses - the number of pixels in each line of the sensor; wherein the common crystal of the photodetector also houses the units that perform scanning and formation of the output voltage of the digital video signal, namely: a "ring" frame scanning register that selects a "ring"line; a "ring" video signal switch containing video signal switches for each "radial" column, which are controlled from the corresponding output of the "ring" line scanning multiplexer and ensure the transmission of the video signal at the output of each "radial" video bus to the "ring" video bus, the output of which is the "Video" output of the "ring" photodetector, wherein the gain coefficient K m of the active pixel for each current "ring" line of the "ring" sensor changes according to the ratio:
  2. where K 1 is the gain coefficient of the active pixel of the first row of the “ring” photodetector, the value of which is equal to one;
  3. Δ 1 and Δ m are, respectively, the light-sensitive area of the active pixel for the first and current reading lines in the "ring" sensor, and the change in the gain K m of the active pixel for each current "ring" line of the sensor provides the same value of the reading aperture within the "ring" raster of the image, and the change in the gain K m of the active pixel for each current "ring" line of the sensor provides the same value of the reading aperture within the "ring" raster of the image, while the second sensor of the first television camera - the matrix photodetector installed on the guidance unit, like the "ring" sensor, is made using CMOS technology, with a similar organization using the "coordinate addressing" method, but the number of its pixels in a line is equal to or exceeds the corresponding parameter of the "ring" sensor, and with the same light-sensitive area (Δ) of all active pixels of the target, the gain K m of the active pixel for each current "rectangular" the target line of the matrix sensor is maintained constant and unchanged in value, while in order to equalize the sensitivities of the "ring" and matrix channels, the value of the nominal coefficient K m of the matrix sensor must be increased by Δ 1 /Δ times, and the guidance unit carries out a smooth spatial movement of the matrix photodetector within a circle to a position marked on the image in the panoramic scene observation mode with a fully electronic mark, which is simultaneously the geometric center of the separately taken fragment of the "ring" frame proposed for consideration, while the guidance unit is controlled by the "Control 2" command of the system operator from the computer through the DKO, and the video signals are controlled by the "Video mode selection" command of the operator, which is fed through the DKO to the control input of the switcher-mixer of the first television camera, the first information input of the switcher-mixer of the first television camera is connected to the "Video" output of the "ring" photodetector, the second information input of the switcher-mixer of the first television cameras - to the "Video" output of the matrix photodetector, and the third information input of the switch-mixer of the first television camera - to the output of the electronic mark generator, the control input of which is connected to the output of the position sensor of the guidance unit, wherein the "Video" output of the "ring" photodetector is connected additionally to the input of the sync pulse selector, the output of the frame sync pulses (FSP) of which is connected to the first input of the electronic mark generator and, accordingly, to the synchronization input of the switch-mixer, the output of the line sync pulses (LSP) of the sync pulse selector - to the second input of the electronic mark generator; and the output of the LSP of the sync pulse selector - to the external synchronization input of the matrix sensor; the output of the switch-mixer of the first television camera is the "Video" output of the first television camera, the first control input of the first television camera is connected to the control input of its sensor unit, the second control input of the first television camera is connected to the control input of its turret, and the third control input of the first television camera is connected to the control input of its guidance unit, characterized in that a second television camera is introduced into the composition of the computer system device, containing the same units and connections as the first television camera, wherein the first information input of the multiplexer and video signal modulator is connected to the "Video 1" output of the first television camera, the second information input of the multiplexer and video signal modulator is connected to the "Video 2" output of the second television camera, the synchronization input of the multiplexer and video signal modulator is connected to the CSI output of the first or second television camera, and the "Video" output of the multiplexer and video signal modulator is connected via a wireless communication line to the "Video" input of the server, when In this case, the control outputs of the server, namely: "Video mode selection", "Control 1" and "Control 2" are connected in addition to the corresponding inputs of the second television camera, wherein the "ring" photodetector of the first television camera and the "ring" photodetector of the second television camera are combined (joined) with each other by the reverse sides of the crystals so that as a result a symmetrical combination of their targets is realized, while a second BEVI is introduced into the composition of the video board installed in the expansion slot on the server motherboard, and the video board performs demultiplexing of the input multiplex image signal "Video" into two channels "Video 1" and "Video 2" with subsequent recording of the video signals, respectively, into the first and second blocks of RAM on the frame of the server, which is the system unit of the system operator's computer.
  4. 2. A device for a computer system for panoramic television surveillance according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the “ring” and matrix photoreceivers of the television camera are sensors of a monochrome or color television signal.
  5. 3. A device for a computer system for panoramic television surveillance according to paragraph 1, characterized in that in the “ring” photodetector of the television camera, the electrodes for charge accumulation of the active pixels of the sensor target, coinciding with the area of their light-sensitive area, are made with a geometric shape in the form of a part of a circular ring.

Description

The proposed invention relates to panoramic television surveillance, which is performed by a computer system using a 360-degree azimuth television camera in a region close to a hemisphere, i.e., within a spatial angle of 360 degrees in azimuth and tens of degrees in elevation. The television camera of such a system has at least two sensors: a "ring" and a "rectangular" (matrix) photodetector, manufactured using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention should be considered to be a device for a computer system for panoramic television surveillance for an unmanned aerial vehicle [1], containing a series-connected television camera and a server, which is a node of a local area network, to which two or more personal computers are connected, wherein a video board is installed in the expansion slot on the server's motherboard, matched by input/output channels, control and power supply with the server bus, containing an electrical image insertion unit (EII), which implements by software the insertion (insertion) of a "ring" frame of a television camera into a "rectangular" raster of a computer monitor, and in the panoramic scene observation mode, the EII input is completely connected to the output of the RAM block for the frame, and the EII output is connected to the "network" output of the server; wherein the television camera includes a first panoramic lens, a second panoramic lens, a third panoramic lens and a fourth panoramic lens, a sensor unit, a mixer, a generator of an electronic “cross” mark, a sync selector, a multiplexer with an additional function of high-frequency modulation of the output video signal, as well as a demodulator of high-frequency control commands of the system operator (DKO), transmitted via a wireless communication line from the server to the television camera, and a sensor positioning unit (SPU), made on the basis of a stepper motor, the shaft of which is directly or through a gearbox mechanically connected to the sensor unit, providing, upon an operator command coming from the computer to the television camera, spatial rotation of the sensor unit by an angle of 90° in a step-by-step mode, so that four times per cycle, so that its target, installed by default symmetrically in a position opposite the first panoramic lens, is successively installed first symmetrically in a position opposite the second panoramic lens, then symmetrically in a position opposite the third panoramic lens, and finally symmetrically in a position opposite the fourth panoramic lens, wherein the sensor unit contains an electromechanical turret with a rotation in two positions, controlled by a command (let us designate it as “Control 1”) from the system operator’s computer, wherein on the turret on a flange adjustable in height there is a “ring” photodetector and with a spacing of 180° there is a guidance unit on which a matrix photodetector is mounted on a flange adjustable in height, wherein in the first position of the turret the optical image of the panoramic lens is projected onto the target of the “ring” photodetector, and in the second position of the turret a fragment of the optical frame of the panoramic lens is projected onto the target of the matrix photodetector, wherein the “ring” photodetector is made on a crystal manufactured using CMOS technology, and contains on the target lines of photosensitive elements (pixels) located along radial directions from the imaginary center of the circular ring to its outer periphery, wherein the number of photosensitive pixels in each “ring” line of the target is the same, and their area (Δ) varies from line to line, increasing towards the outer periphery of the sensor, with the sensor target consisting of photodiode active pixels, each of which has an amplifier with a gain of K m , as well as a built-in analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that provides transmission of the video signal of the active pixel to its "radial" video bus, while all of them together combine the active pixels of the target into "radial" columns, and the ADC control for the pixels located along each "ring" line of the sensor is carried out using a separate "ring" line bus, the total number of which determines the number of lines in the sensor, and the number of "radial" video buses - the number of pixels in each line of the sensor; in this case, on the common crystal of the photodetector are also located the blocks that perform scanning and formation of the output voltage of the digital video signal, namely: a "ring" frame scanning register that selects a "ring"line;"ring" video signal switch, containing video signal switches for each "radial" column, which are controlled from the corresponding output of the "ring" line scan multiplexer and ensure the transmission of the video signal at the output of each "radial" video bus to the "ring" video bus, the output of which is the "Video" output of the "ring" photodetector, w