RU-2861413-C1 - AUTONOMOUS FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for early detection of fires in residential, office, and industrial premises, especially in places where there is no centralised fire alarm system or power supply. The autonomous fire alarm system comprises batteries as a power source, a combined sound and light alarm device, and thermal relays based on bimetallic plates as sensitive elements, connected in parallel and set to different activation temperatures. The batteries, thermal relays, and alarm device are electrically connected in series, forming a closed circuit. The thermal relays are configured to be in an open state under normal conditions and to close the circuit, activating the alarm device, upon reaching the activation temperature. EFFECT: simplification of design and increase of autonomous operation life. 1 cl, 1 dwg

Inventors

• ARKHIPENKO VLADIMIR ALEKSANDROVICH
• Selivanov Filipp Vladimirovich
• Zubarev Roman Mikhailovich

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20250915

Claims (1)

1. An autonomous fire alarm system containing batteries as a power source, a combined sound and light alarm, and temperature relays based on bimetallic plates as sensing elements connected in parallel and configured to response temperatures, wherein the batteries, temperature relays, and alarm are electrically connected in series, forming a closed circuit, and the temperature relays are designed with the ability to be in an open state in the normal state and, upon reaching the response temperature, to close the circuit, turning on the alarm.

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire safety and can be used for the early detection of fires in residential, office and industrial premises, especially in places where there is no centralized fire alarm system or power supply. There are various fire alarm systems available, including centralized systems that require connection to a power grid and control center, and autonomous systems that use various types of sensors (smoke, gas, temperature) and alarms. The disadvantages of such systems are the power consumption in standby mode, which leads to the need for regular replacement of batteries. An autonomous fire alarm system is known [Patent RU No. 2534959, IPC G08B17/00, published 12/10/2014], containing a receiving device that includes a power source and an indication unit, fire detectors connected to the receiving device via a communication line, to which heat sensors are connected, characterized in that each fire detector is made in the form of a transformer autogenerator of harmonic oscillations, in the power supply circuit of which a heat sensor formed by a battery of thermocouples is included through a zener diode, while the communication line is connected to the secondary windings of the transformers of the autogenerators of harmonic oscillations through capacitors. The disadvantages of this system are the complexity of the circuit, power consumption in standby mode, and the possibility of false alarms due to the instability of the generators. A device for emergency fire alarm is known [Patent RU No. 2315362, IPC G08B 17/06, published. 22. 05. 2006], comprising a power source, a temperature-sensitive element, a signal means, an ultrasonic pulse generator, emitting and receiving piezoacoustic transducers, an amplifier, a processing and control unit, one output of which is connected to the input of the ultrasonic pulse generator, and the other to the input of the signal means, wherein one input of the processing and control unit is connected to the output of the power source, and the other to the output of the amplifier, the output of the ultrasonic oscillation generator is connected to the input of the emitting piezoacoustic transducer, the output of which is connected to one end of the temperature-sensitive element, which acts as an acoustic communication line, the parameters of which depend on the temperature, and its other end to the input of the receiving piezoacoustic transducer, the output of which is connected to the input of the amplifier, wherein the temperature-sensitive element is a cord-like structure and is made in the form of a heat-resistant tube filled with a low-melting material (alloy), the melting temperature of which is specified by the composition of the material. The disadvantages of the device are the complexity of the design, the large number of components, and limited autonomy due to the need for a constant power supply. The technical result is a simplified design, increased reliability, and an increased lifespan of the system's autonomous operation. The technical result is achieved by a stand-alone fire alarm system comprising batteries as a power source, a combined audible and visual alarm, and temperature relays based on bimetallic plates as sensing elements, connected in parallel and set to a trigger temperature. The batteries, temperature relays, and alarm are electrically connected in series, forming a closed circuit. The temperature relays are designed to be open in their normal state and, when the trigger temperature is reached, close the circuit, activating the alarm. The drawing shows the electrical circuit of an autonomous fire alarm system. A stand-alone fire alarm system comprises a power source 1 (batteries), a combined sound and light alarm 2 (including audible and visual alerts), and temperature relays 3 (there may be any number of these, and alarm 2 will activate upon the activation of any one of the temperature relays, each configured to a different activation temperature). Power source 1 is connected to alarm 2 via parallel-connected temperature relays 3. Each temperature relay 3 has its own temperature activation threshold. In the normal state, when the ambient temperature is below the threshold values of temperature relays 3, the power supply circuit for alarm 2 is open, ensuring minimal, negligible power consumption by the system, unlike known systems that use complex electronic circuits and constantly consume power in standby mode. When the ambient temperature rises to the operating temperature of any of the temperature relays 3, this corresponding relay 3 closes the circuit, connecting the alarm 2 to the power source 1. The alarm 2 emits an audible and visual signal, warning of a fire. The autonomous fire alarm system works as follows: 1. Installation and placement: The system is installed in places where a fire is most likely to occur (kitchens, electrical rooms, garages, warehouses, etc.) or in places where autonomous fire detection is required (