RU-2861423-C1 - METHOD FOR PRESERVING ANATOMICAL SPECIMENS IN VAPOUR MIXTURE OF PRESERVING AGENTS

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for creating a visual teaching aid for departments of normal anatomy, topographic anatomy, pathological anatomy, morphology and surgery, as well as in thematic museums. The method for preserving anatomical specimens in a vapour mixture of preserving agents comprises keeping the anatomical specimen in a fixing solution based on formalin, restoring the colour of the fixed anatomical specimen by exposure to alcohol, followed by preservation in a container. Fixation is carried out in a 10% formalin solution for at least one to seven days. After fixation, the anatomical specimen is dissected. Absolute isopropyl alcohol is used for colour restoration for up to one day. For preservation, the anatomical specimen is placed in a container, on the bottom of which a cotton-gauze pad soaked in a mixture of 10% formalin solution, glycerine, absolute isopropyl alcohol, taken in a ratio of 1:1:1 with the addition of thymol at the rate of 1% by volume of the resulting mixture, is placed. After preservation, the container is covered with a lid and sealed. EFFECT: preservation of the dimensional characteristics of the specimen, eliminating opalescence of the preserving medium, reducing the consumption of chemicals, reducing the time for manufacturing the specimen and its low final weight, as well as preventing discolouration of the specimen over time. 4 cl, 3 dwg, 1 ex

Inventors

• Mnikhovich Maksim Valerevich
• Shiripenko Ivan Aleksandrovich
• Lozina Milena Vladislavovna
• Sidorova Olga Aleksandrovna
• Malygin Bulat Valerevich
• Bezuglova Tatiana Vasilevna
• Gromov Pavel Olegovich

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20251028

Claims (4)

1. 1. A method for preserving anatomical preparations in the vapors of a mixture of preservatives, which consists in keeping the anatomical preparation in a formalin-based fixing solution, restoring the color of the fixed anatomical preparation by exposing it to alcohol, followed by preservation in a container, characterized in that fixation is carried out in a 10% formalin solution for one to seven days, after fixation the anatomical preparation is dissected, absolute isopropyl alcohol is used to restore the color for up to one day, for preservation the anatomical preparation is placed in a container, on the bottom of which a cotton-gauze pad is placed, soaked in a mixture of a 10% formalin solution, glycerin, absolute isopropyl alcohol, taken in a 1:1:1 ratio with the addition of thymol at a rate of 1% of the total volume of the resulting mixture, after preservation the container is covered with a lid and sealed.
2. 2. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the container is sealed by applying an adhesive composition based on cyanoacrylates.
3. 3. The method according to paragraph 2, characterized in that after the glue has hardened, sealing wax is applied to the outside of the gap between the lid and the container.
4. 4. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the cotton-gauze backing consists of three layers of cotton wool and seven layers of gauze.

Description

The invention relates to medicine, specifically to morphology, normal, and pathological anatomy. It can be used to create a visual teaching aid for departments of normal anatomy, topographic anatomy, pathological anatomy, morphology, and surgery, as well as in specialized museums. The creation and preservation of museum anatomical specimens as visual teaching aids is one of the primary methods of teaching medical students and specialists undergoing professional retraining programs. Important goals of morphological museums include improving the effectiveness of the educational process and creating a research base for the faculty of the university or institution where the museum division is located. Accurate information on morphological changes associated with a particular pathology is essential for the development of fundamental medicine and clinical medical specialties. Furthermore, anatomical specimens serve as objects of cultural significance within thematic exhibitions and individual thematic museums. The development of new methods for preserving anatomical museum specimens, aimed at replacing liquid preservatives, contributes to the improvement of traditional museum techniques by reducing the consumption of preservatives and lightening the final weight of the specimen, which facilitates transportation and restoration work. The replacement of liquid preservatives also improves the visual quality of the specimen by reducing refraction and opalescence in the preservative medium. There are a number of known methods for the preparation of wet anatomical preparations using various fixing and preservative solutions according to the method of Kaiserling, Melnikov-Razvedenkov, Zhores, Picou, Shore and other authors, which consist of a sequential three-stage, and sometimes multi-stage operation using alcohol, formalin, glycerin, water and other substances (Yaroslavtsev B.M. "Anatomical technique. Guide to the preparation of anatomical and biological preparations", 1961). The disadvantages of these preservation methods include the high cost of preservative fluids, which increases the final cost and weight of the specimen. Furthermore, visualization of anatomical structures through a layer of liquid leads to distortion of dimensional and visual characteristics. Also known is the method of A.A. Tereshchenko, M.A. Lyutenko, and S.E. Zheleznyak, "A Method for Preserving Anatomical Preparations and Storing Them in Formaldehyde Vapor for Museum Purposes." This method involves rinsing a fresh preparation under running water, pre-fixing it for 1-6 months in a 3% formalin solution. After this period, the preparation is rinsed under running water, attached to a glass slide, and immersed in a 20% formalin solution with at least 30% glycerin, leaving it for 1-6 months. After the preparation has been soaked in the formalin-glycerin solution, it is removed and dried in an upright position for 1 hour. A layer of cotton wool wrapped in filter or blotting paper is placed on the bottom of the anatomical dish, and a 40% formalin solution is poured to the level of the cotton wool layer. The walls of museum glassware are coated with a thin layer of petroleum jelly to prevent the glass from fogging and are hermetically sealed. The disadvantages of this method of preservation include the discoloration of the preparation over time under the influence of formalin, excessive consumption of glycerin, the presence of a refractive effect in glassware as a result of lubricating the walls with petroleum jelly, and the lengthy preparation time of the preparation. The prototype for the claimed technical solution is a method for producing wet anatomical specimens, as described in patent RU 2724274 C1, published on June 22, 2020, IPC: G09B 23/28. According to this method, wet anatomical specimens are produced as follows: Phase I involves fixation of the organ or tissue in a solution (35 g formalin, 80 g sodium acetate, 10 g potassium chloride, 1000 g distilled water), with the volume of the solution being 4 times greater than the volume of the specimen being fixed. The specimen is kept in this solution until the tissues become uniformly compacted and blood no longer leachates into the solution. The fixation time ranges from several hours to 3 weeks, depending on the size, density, and structure of the organ. The air temperature does not exceed 5°C, with the solution being replaced every 5 days. Upon completion of fixation, the specimen is removed from the first solution and allowed to drain completely. Phase II – color restoration. The fixed material is transferred to 95% ethyl alcohol. The exposure time ranges from several minutes to 1 hour, depending on the size and density of the organ or tissue. After color restoration, the organs are transferred to containers containing a preservative solution. Phase III: The specimen is first immersed in a non-display container and kept in a preservative solution for several days, in case further blood extrac