RU-2861424-C1 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING CONTINUOUS MINERAL GLASS FIBRE

RU2861424C1RU 2861424 C1RU2861424 C1RU 2861424C1RU-2861424-C1

Abstract

FIELD: construction. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the industry of building and structural materials, in particular to the field of producing continuous mineral glass fibre by a one-stage method by drawing from a melt through platinum-rhodium feeder bushings. The method for producing continuous mineral glass fibre includes beneficiating fly ash by wet magnetic separation with a magnetic induction of 0.3-0.6 T, obtaining a free-flowing batch, obtaining a melt, drawing glass fibre filaments from the melt through feeder bushings, applying a sizing agent, and winding onto spools. A free-flowing batch of the following composition, mas.%: fly ash 41.2-58.6, magnesium sulphate 35.2-38.1, silica waste 3.2-18.7, water 2-3, is mixed with a prepared granular premix comprising 97-98 mas.% fly ash, sodium nitrate, and sodium sulphate, with a granule size of 3-5 mm. The mixture is melted in a glass-melting furnace at a temperature of 1450-1550°C, and in the quellpunkt zone, blowing is carried out with air, an oxygen-air mixture, or oxygen. EFFECT: expansion of the arsenal of means for producing continuous mineral glass fibre with high quality indicators, as well as reducing the degree of corrosion of platinum-rhodium feeder bushings when using high-iron raw materials. 1 cl, 4 tbl, 1 ex

Inventors

ONISHCHUK VIKTOR IVANOVICH
Lazarova Iuliia Sergeevna
Shabalin Sergei Ivanovich
Kostenko Sergei Evgenevich
IVLEVA IRINA ANATOLEVNA
Panova Olga Aleksandrovna

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251015

Claims (1)

A method for producing continuous mineral glass fiber comprising beneficiation of fly ash, obtaining a bulk charge, obtaining a melt, drawing glass fiber threads from the melt through spinneret feeders, applying a lubricant, winding onto spools, characterized in that the fly ash is beneficiated by wet magnetic separation with a magnetic induction of 0.3-0.6 T, a bulk charge of the following composition is obtained, wt.%: fly ash 41.2-58.6, magnesium sulfate 35.2-38.1, silica waste 3.2-18.7, water 2-3; a granulated premix is prepared, which includes, wt.%: 97-98 fly ash, 1-1.5 sodium nitrate and 1-1.5 sodium sulfate, with a granule size of 3-5 mm; a granulated premix is introduced into the bulk batch, the resulting mixture, consisting of 50-90 wt.% of the bulk batch and 10-50 wt.% of the granulated premix, is melted in a glass furnace at a temperature of 1450-1550°C, and in the glass point area, air is blown at a flow rate of 2.8-3.5 m3 per 1 ton of melt or an oxygen-air mixture in mass ratios of air to oxygen from 95:5 to 50:50 at a flow rate of 2.0-3.0 m3 per 1 ton of melt, or pure oxygen at a flow rate of 1.4-1.8 m3 per 1 ton of melt.

Description

The invention relates to the industry of building and construction materials, the glass industry, in particular, to the field of production of continuous mineral glass fiber in a single-stage method, by drawing from a melt through platinum-rhodium spinneret feeders. The spinneret feeder is used for the production of continuous high-strength basalt (mineral) fiber with fiber diameters from 6 to 18 microns in the 24-hour basalt melt production mode. The analysis of the performance of the furnace-feeder-die feeder system shows that the die feeder is the main element of the system, determining its performance. When using spinneret feeders [for the production (manufacturing, forming)] of mineral fibers from basalt (basalt melts), it is necessary to take into account their features. The most important of these are: • lower viscosity and narrower production interval; • low heat absorption, which requires the presence of a heat and distribution screen (grating); • high wettability of the platinum-rhodium alloy, which increases the risk of molten basalt flowing onto the die plate. An essential aspect of the production of continuous basalt fibers is the use of expensive platinum-rhodium alloys for the manufacture of spinneret feeders. The production of continuous basalt fibers is associated with some difficulties due to the following factors: • basalt is not a standardized natural material; it may differ in chemical properties and composition depending on the place of extraction; • the need to maintain a high temperature for melting and production of melts; • melts are opaque to thermal radiation. The main challenge is consistently producing high-quality fibers. This requires careful selection of the source material and maintaining proper melting and feeder production conditions. As for the actual process for producing continuous basalt fiber, it looks like this: • the raw mixture (batch) is loaded into a glass melting furnace, in which a melt is obtained; • homogenize the melt and prepare it for production; • the process of producing fibers (drawing out mineral glass threads) is carried out through spinneret feeders; • applying a lubricant to the surface of the fibers and winding them onto spools. One of the factors significantly limiting the efficiency of this continuous basalt mineral fiber production process is the iron oxide content of the basalt raw material, expressed as Fe2O3 , ranging from 2.5 to 15% by weight . However, it can often reach 25%, which negatively impacts the performance of precious metal feeders, particularly platinum-rhodium spinneret feeders, thereby limiting the raw material base of basalt rocks used in this production. It is known from the technology of producing continuous mineral basalt fibers that an increase in the concentration of iron oxide in the divalent state (Fe 2+ ) in the melt increases the speed and degree of corrosion (by melt from basalt rocks) of platinum-rhodium spinneret feeders by the basalt melt as a result of the following reaction: Pt + 3Fe 2+ → (Fe Pt) tr.rr + 2 Fe 3+ It is also known that the oxidation-reduction reaction of Fe 3+ with platinum can occur only in the presence of Cl with the formation Fe 2+ ⋅ Fe 3+ + Pt (+ 4Cl) → Fe 2+ +[PtCl 4 ] - Under normal atmospheric conditions, the oxidation-reduction reaction is Pt + Fe3+→it doesn't work because the sum of the electrode potentials has a negative value E oxid. Fe 3+ ( - 0.771) + E reduced. Pt (+ 0.73) = - 0.041. To reduce the degree of corrosion of platinum-rhodium spinneret feeders by iron oxide, manufacturers of continuous basalt fibers are forced to use as raw materials only those rocks in which the iron oxide content is minimal and does not exceed 5-10 wt.%, which makes such raw materials more expensive and less accessible to manufacturers of such fibers. A method and apparatus for producing continuous fibers from basalt rock are known from the prior art (patent RU 2421408, published June 20, 2011, bulletin no. 17). The method involves using primary basalts within a certain range. Before loading into the furnace, the basalt is preheated to temperatures of 250-400°C and loaded into the maximum temperature zone of the burner-loader flame (1450-2000°C). Melting, degassing, and homogenization of the melt are performed on the melting platform at low melt levels of 5-70 m. The disadvantage of the invention is that it uses only basalt rocks as a basis, which narrows the range of chemical composition of the raw material and complicates the technology for producing continuous mineral fiber. A method for producing basalt (mineral) fiber is known, described in the patent (Patent RU No. 2741984. Published: 01.02.2021 Bulletin No. 4) "Raw material composition for the production of chemically resistant mineral fiber and thin films." The following rock and alloying additives were used as a base with a chemical composition in wt.%: SiO2 - 54.0; TiO2 - 2.50 ; Al2O3 - 6.0; Fe2O3 + FeO - 8.0; MgO - 3.0; CaO - 8.0; Na2O - 4.50;