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RU-2861445-C1 - METHOD AND UNIVERSAL DEVICE FOR DEPLOYING ACTIVE-PASSIVE JAMMING BASED ON UAV

RU2861445C1RU 2861445 C1RU2861445 C1RU 2861445C1RU-2861445-C1

Abstract

FIELD: air defence. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to a device and a method for deploying active-passive jamming. The device comprises a winch consisting of a frame, a servo drive with a drive shaft, an overrunning clutch, a built-in mechanism for controlled adjustment to a specified length and release of metallised tape, a drum with clutch half-couplings, a removable drum with wound tape, at the end of which a weight of at least 0.5 kg is fixed. The method consists in preparing and installing the above device on the UAV, taking off the UAV and surveying the terrain. For active protection, controlled unwinding of the metallised tape to a certain length is carried out by sending commands to the servo drive and fixing the tape using the controlled length adjustment mechanism. For passive protection, complete unwinding and release of the tape is carried out in a certain manner. EFFECT: expansion of operational capabilities for deploying jamming, both passive and active, as well as increasing the reliability of false targets during a group attack on a target, simulating the dimensions of strike UAVs and cruise missiles. 7 cl, 4 dwg

Inventors

  • Grishchenko Dmitrii Nikolaevich
  • Shatokhin Ivan Valerevich
  • Shatokhin Valerii Mikhailovich

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20250910

Claims (7)

  1. 1. A device for setting up active-passive interference, comprising a winch consisting of a frame made with the possibility of being secured on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), on which a servo drive with a drive shaft on bearing supports is mounted, an overrunning clutch mounted on the shaft, a built-in mechanism for controlled adjustment to a given length and free release of the tape from a drum containing a clutch formed by left and right half-clutch with counter-engaging stops, a removable drum with a metallized polymer tape wound on it, at the end of which a load weighing at least 0.5 kg is secured to maintain tension during its unwinding, the device also contains a mechanism for controlled adjustment to a given length and free release of the tape, consisting of a fork pusher winch placed on a carriage rigidly fixed to the frame, with provision for free movement of the fork pusher parallel to the axis of the drive shaft, and made in the form of a U-shaped metal plate with a through hole, loosely mounted on the carriage shaft, on one side of which a stop is located, and on the other - a fork, a splined shaft connected to the drive shaft with a key, on which a splined sleeve is mounted, having a neck and a stop cheek, on which the left half-coupling of the clutch with stops is rigidly fixed with the possibility of displacement in the axial direction of the splined shaft for connection with the stops of the right half-coupling connected to the drum, while on the neck of the splined sleeve an adjustable movable stop is placed, with the possibility of its rigid fixation on the neck of the splined sleeve, the fork pusher fork is made with the possibility of its sliding along the central neck of the splined sleeve from the movable stop to the side cheek of the sleeve, in addition, the mechanism includes a roller with an overrunning clutch built into it, having a multi-thread screw thread in the form of a groove with a one-sided entry, located on the left side of the roller, and ending stop at the end of the cut, while the roller is driven from the drive shaft through the overrunning clutch to convert its reversible circular motion into a reciprocating motion of the fork pusher along the axis of the splined shaft, the compressed spring exerts pressure on the right on the friction splined washer, and on the left on the adjustable stop of the splined sleeve.
  2. 2. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the metallized tape unwinds over its entire length and is freely dropped from the UAV as a source of passive interference.
  3. 3. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that, in order to reduce the initial area of reflection of the UAV waves, the mechanism for free release of the load is made primarily of plastic.
  4. 4. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that instead of tape, metallized tinsel is wound onto the drum.
  5. 5. A method for setting active-passive interference using the device according to paragraph 1, which consists in the fact that the device for setting active-passive interference according to paragraph 1 is first prepared, for which purpose a drum is loaded by winding a metallized polymer tape onto it, at the end of which a load of at least 0.5 kg is fixed, part of the length of which, from two to three meters, is intended for an adjustable length of active interference, and the remaining part is for free release as a masking interference, the drum is installed on a UAV, takeoff and reconnaissance of the area is carried out using the UAV, upon detection of an object of destruction, upon command from the operator or in accordance with a given program, a signal is generated for the controlled descent of the tape, supplying power from the on-board battery to the servo drive causing the drive shaft to rotate, while the tape is lowered in two stages, the first of which provides a controlled descent of the tape to a given length for setting an active interference, for which the shaft is rotated counterclockwise using an overrunning clutch, a roller, a fork pusher with fork, adjustable stop, while the engagement stops are not disengaged, and the second stage ensures free release of the tape, for which the shaft is rotated clockwise, disengaging the stops by means of a pusher fork, an adjustable stop and a splined sleeve, which ensures free unwinding and release of the tape due to the rotation of the drum under the action of gravity to create a cloud of metallized fiber.
  6. 6. The method for setting up active-passive interference according to paragraph 1, characterized in that after completing a combat mission and as the UAV becomes operational, the tape is wound onto a reel and the apparatus returns to the base in an equipped state for reuse.
  7. 7. A method for setting up active-passive interference according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the tape is unwound over the entire length of the reel volume and is freely released, forming a passive masking interference that drifts independently in the oncoming air flow.

Description

The invention relates to the field of camouflage of troops and military equipment from enemy air defense radar systems. The method of setting up passive masking interference using systems with unmanned aerial vehicles of the aircraft type (hereinafter referred to as UAVs) equipped with containers equipped with metallized fiber refers to the method of setting up masking interference, intended to create a false target environment for operators of enemy air defense radar stations (hereinafter referred to as radars) and mask the actions of strike aircraft systems in order to minimize losses. A technical solution known as "A method for deploying passive masking interference using UAV systems equipped with containers filled with metallized fiber" (Patent No. 2809248, IPC B64D 1/02, F41H 1/02, published on December 8, 2023) is adopted as a prototype for the object, a method that includes installing a container equipped with spools of metallized fiber with a tape-like stabilization system on a UAV, reconnaissance of the terrain using the UAV to identify the coordinates of the enemy air defense systems, determining the types of radars and objects of the enemy's military equipment, determining the azimuth of jamming relative to the location of the enemy radar, determining the altitude and time of the release of masking interference, opening the container flaps for a series of releases of spools with metallized fiber. This ensures the creation of a false target environment for enemy radar operators and the masking of the actions of our aviation to minimize its losses. When an Orlan-10 UAV enters the jamming area at the calculated time, when the container doors are opened, a series of spools with metallized fiber are released. Due to the oncoming air flow, the stabilization system (tape) begins to unwind the metallized fiber from the spool, and due to the fact that there are about 300 spools in the containers, a cloud of metallized fiber is created in the airspace that has the property of reflecting radio waves, which is an imitation of a false target for enemy air defense systems - passive masking interference. The Orlan-10 UAV system does not require airfield support, which allows for an increased number of sorties and the possibility of multiple jamming missions in the area where the mission is being carried out. The effective dispersion area of the Orlan-10 UAV is several times smaller than that of manned jamming systems, which significantly reduces the likelihood of detection and destruction of the aircraft by enemy air defense systems when occupying a designated passive jamming sector, and also eliminates the loss of flight personnel. The disadvantages include the fact that, due to the resistance of the oncoming air flow, the cloud of metallized fiber quickly loses speed and, when using radar direction finding, is easily detected and tuned out as a masking interference, while continuing to detect and track high-speed attack aircraft that outpace the false target. A group of patents for utility models of one of the authors is known: “Shtoker anchor winch” (RU No. 193467, IPC B66D 1/16, B66D 1/60, published on October 30, 2019), “Anchor winch with controlled anchor release” (RU No. 202471, IPC B66D 1/16, published on February 19, 2021), “Anchor winch with height-adjustable controlled anchor release” (RU No. 203909, IPC B66D 1/16, published on April 27, 2021), the latter is adopted as a prototype for the object of a device consisting of a drive, a drive shaft, a drum with hook stops and with an anchor rope wound on it, an anchor release mechanism connected to the drum, located on a splined shaft rigidly fixed on a drive shaft equipped with a roller with an overrunning clutch built into it having a screw thread in the form of an external groove ending with a stop at the end, wherein the freewheel mechanism is provided with a splined shaft rigidly fixed on the drive shaft, mounted on it with the possibility of displacement in the axial direction by a splined sleeve with engaging stops and an annular groove made along its outer surface, a friction splined washer, and a fork pusher of the splined sleeve consisting of a plate with a stop inserted inside the annular groove of the roller on one side, and a fork located on the splined sleeve on the other, placed on the carriage with provision of free movement of the fork pusher "right-left" parallel to the axis of the splined shaft depending on the direction of rotation of the drive shaft of the drive motor-reducer, wherein the splined sleeve and The splined washer is spring-loaded between itself. The controlled descent of the anchor by height is determined by the number of helical grooves in the roller, and the required height of the controlled descent, depending on the height of the side, is set by an adjustable stop by fixing it on the neck of the splined sleeve at a certain distance from the cheek of the sleeve, after which, when the fork reaches the adjustable stop and