RU-2861452-C1 - SYSTEM FOR TRACKING AND CONTROLLING FLIGHTS OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES

RU2861452C1RU 2861452 C1RU2861452 C1RU 2861452C1RU-2861452-C1

Abstract

FIELD: unmanned aerial vehicles. SUBSTANCE: system for tracking and controlling flights of unmanned aerial vehicles comprises a server part and an onboard part on each of the unmanned aerial vehicles, including a computing unit with an artificial intelligence module, a communication module connected to the server part, a control interface, a data exchange interface, and an antenna subsystem consisting of three antennas, two of which are LTE channel antennas, and the third is a GNSS receiver. EFFECT: increasing the flight safety of UAVs by reducing response time by using an onboard artificial intelligence module capable of autonomously analysing flight information in real time, predicting trajectories, and making operational decisions in conditions of loss or deterioration of communication with the central server. 6 cl, 1 dwg

Inventors

Vedmid Rimma Vladimirovna

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251023

Claims (20)

1. A system for tracking and controlling flights of unmanned aerial vehicles, consisting of a server part and at least one on-board part installed on at least one UAV, wherein the on-board part includes:
- a computing unit with an artificial intelligence module,
– a communication module connected to the server part,
– control interface,
– data exchange interface, and
- antenna subsystem,
wherein the computing unit is connected to the control and data exchange interfaces, as well as to the communication module, which, in turn, is connected to the antenna subsystem and the data exchange interface,
the antenna subsystem consists of three antennas,
wherein the first antenna of the antenna subsystem is the main antenna of the LTE channel for transmitting telemetry and commands, the second antenna is the auxiliary antenna of the LTE channel, and the third antenna is the GNSS receiver.
2. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the communication module includes an LTE/4G modem, an SMS channel, and a GNSS receiver.
3. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the data exchange interface is a USB, or UART, or MAVLink interface.
4. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the artificial intelligence module of the computing unit is designed with the ability to:
– analyze flight data in real time;
– prevent UAVs from entering restricted areas;
– predicting the trajectory and determining the risk of crossing the boundaries of geozones;
– making decisions on hovering, return and landing;
– calculation of alternative routes to bypass restricted areas;
– control of battery charge level and selection of safe response;
– processing of geodata and rules at a speed of less than 0.1 s;
– processing GPS data with an accuracy of up to 0.0001 degrees;

Description

The invention relates to the field of unmanned aircraft and air traffic control systems, namely to systems for tracking and controlling flights of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and can be used to monitor, coordinate and ensure the safety of flights of single-engine and multi-engine UAVs in the civil and commercial sectors [G08G5/00, G05D1/00, B64C39/00, B64C39/02]. A control system for unmanned aerial vehicles is known from the prior art [US2018120832A1, published 03.05.2018], containing a method for computer automatic control of unmanned aircraft systems for civil applications, wherein the system includes an attachable electronic module on the UAV platform, a network computer system (cloud), biometric authentication of the operator by fingerprint and a control module on the ground and provides for automatic identification, GPS tracking, recording of flight data and prevention of entry into prohibited areas, and in problematic situations, such as loss of communication or entry into a limited space, control is transferred from the operator to the attachable UAV module for return or safe completion of the flight. The disadvantage of this unmanned aerial vehicle control system is that it lacks an artificial intelligence module for real-time data analysis, trajectory prediction, and autonomous decision-making, which limits the system's response speed and adaptability. Furthermore, it lacks the ability to process geodata with high accuracy and speed, as well as offline work with current geofence maps in the event of loss of communication, which, as a result, reduces the safety of UAV flights and reduces the UAV response time. Also known from the prior art is an Automated Drone System [US2016266579A1, published 15.09.2016], comprising a security system for monitoring an area, which includes one or more drones with on-board sensors and an imaging device for collecting surveillance data, a server assembly for coordinating the drones, a docking station for launching, landing and storing the drones, as well as a user computing device for controlling and displaying data, the system provides for automatic and/or manual execution of flight operations, transmission of a video stream with a delay, prediction of flight range based on battery status and environmental conditions, collision avoidance logic, formation of a constantly updated two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional map of the area using image stitching, as well as automatic return of the drone to the docking station when the battery charge is low or communication is lost. The disadvantage of this automated drone system is that the flight control, collision avoidance, and data analysis system relies heavily on the server assembly (cloud) and predefined procedures, which leads to delays in decision-making and command transmission. Furthermore, there is no artificial intelligence module on board the drone capable of real-time analysis of flight data, trajectory prediction, calculation of alternative routes, and making autonomous decisions when connection with the server is lost. Geodata processing and geofencing also depend on constant exchange with the cloud server, which increases dependence on the quality of the network connection, and as a result, UAV flight safety is reduced and the UAV response time is reduced. The closest in technical essence is the DISTRIBUTED UAV COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM [CN110766983A, published 02/07/2020], which contains a multi-level control architecture including ground, district, city and provincial command posts, as well as a framework module consisting of an application layer, servers and a database. The system provides multi-level control and distribution of access rights, remote control of takeoff, landing and flight missions, real-time video processing, management of flight restriction zones, integration with third-party services and the use of online/offline maps, it also supports automatic obstacle avoidance and coordination of multiple drones to maintain communication in complex terrain. The main technical problem with the prototype is that key control functions, such as data processing, flight planning, and decision-making, are centralized on the server side (in the cloud), which creates delays in the transmission of data and commands. In addition, the system does not provide for the presence of an onboard artificial intelligence module capable of autonomously analyzing flight information in real time, predicting trajectories, and making prompt decisions in conditions of loss or deterioration of communication with the central server. The processing of geodata and compliance with airspace restrictions also depend on constant exchange with the cloud, which increases the dependence on the reliability of communication channels, and as a result, the safety of UAV flights is reduced and the response time of the UAV is reduced. The objective of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype. The technical res